Tootfinder

Multiple telescopes produce new view of Andromeda #space

You've never seen the Andromeda Galaxy like this before. Multiple telescopes produce new view of our spiral neighbour | BBC Sky at Night Magazine
Image of the Andromeda Galaxy in multiple wavelengths, produced by multiple space telescopes and ground-based observatories.

The Major Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov Telescopes (MAGIC)
Oscar Blanch, Julian Sitarek
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22585 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.22585

The Major Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov Telescopes (MAGIC)
The MAGIC telescopes, located at Observatorio El Roque de los Muchachos (La Palma, Spain) are two Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes observing the Very High Energy (VHE) gamma rays. They are run by an international collaboration composed of over 40 institutions from 12 countries. The first telescope was inaugurated in October 2003. The commissioning of the second finished in 2008. The MAGIC telescopes were designed to lower the energies to which ground based telescopes had access as well as to be…

Telescopes Pop-Up on City Sidewalks to Engage Passersby in Free Astronomy Viewing Worldwide https://www.goodnewsnetwork.org/telescopes-pop-up-on-city-sidewalks-to-engage-passersby-in-free-astronomy-viewing-worldwide/

Telescopes Pop-Up on City Sidewalks to Engage Passersby in Free Astronomy Viewing Worldwide
The urban astronomy movement #PopScope has set up telescopes on sidewalks that have brought 26,000 people closer to the night sky.

Analysis of untrusted-node quantum key distribution from a geostationary satellite
Thomas Liege, Perrine Lognone, Matteo Schiavon, Caroline B. Lim, Jean-Marc Conan, Eleni Diamanti, Daniele Dequal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.23466

Analysis of untrusted-node quantum key distribution from a geostationary satellite
In pursuit of a global quantum key distribution (QKD) network, a service based on untrusted nodes on geostationary satellites could offer wide coverage, continuous operation, and enhanced security compared to the trusted node alternative. Although this scenario has been studied for entanglement-based protocols, such an approach would require large-area telescopes both on the ground and in space. In this work, we analyze the performance of two QKD protocols well adapted to this scenario, namely …

CHEX-MATE: New detections and properties of the radio diffuse emission in massive clusters with MeerKAT
M. Balboni, F. Gastaldello, A. Bonafede, A. Botteon, I. Bartalucci, R. Cassano, S. De Grandi, S. Ettori, M. Gaspari, S. Ghizzardi, M. Gitti, M. Johnston-Hollitt, L. Lovisari, S. Molendi, E. Pointecouteau, G. W. Pratt, G. Riva, M. Rossetti, J. Sayers, M. Sereno, R. J. van Weeren

CHEX-MATE: New detections and properties of the radio diffuse emission in massive clusters with MeerKAT
Modern radio telescopes are revolutionising our understanding of non-thermal phenomena within galaxy clusters, collecting large samples of extended sources with unprecedented sensitivity and angular resolution. In this work, we present novel MeerKAT observations for a sample of 21 galaxy clusters being part of the CHEX-MATE project. These systems were selected based on their high mass and displaying signs of dynamical activity. Thanks to the high-quality data in hand, we detect extended radio e…

Observability of radio reflections from exoplanet ionospheres with next generation radio telescopes
Bhavesh Jaiswal, Nirupam Roy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20978 https://…

Observability of radio reflections from exoplanet ionospheres with next generation radio telescopes
Much has been learned about exoplanets and their atmospheres in the last three decades with the help of highly sensitive optical telescopes. Limited observations using X-ray telescopes have revealed the presence of ionospheres with very high density plasma around the hot Jupiter HD189733b. Owing to high density, the cutoff frequency of this plasma would lie in the range of few GHz. As the planet goes around the star, we suggest it might be possible to capture the stellar radio emission reflecte…

Science Prospects for the Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory: SWGO
SWGO Collaboration, et al.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01786 https://

Science Prospects for the Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory: SWGO
Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy is now well established as a key observational approach to address critical topics at the frontiers of astroparticle physics and high-energy astrophysics. Whilst the field of TeV astronomy was once dominated by arrays of atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes, ground-level particle detection has now been demonstrated to be an equally viable and strongly complementary approach. Ground-level particle detection provides continuous monitoring of the overhead sky, critical…

Das Ende des Thirty Meter Telescopes? – US-Kongress soll kein Geld mehr geben
2024 hat die National Science Foundation erklärt, dass das Geld nur für ein US-Riesenteleskop reicht. Nun soll das Thirty Meter Telescope leer ausgehen.

Constraining self-interacting ultrahigh-energy neutrinos by cosmic microwave background spectral distortion
Pravin Kumar Natwariya, Shibsankar Si, Alekha C. Nayak, Tripurari Srivastava
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.24110

Constraining self-interacting ultrahigh-energy neutrinos by cosmic microwave background spectral distortion
The neutrino telescopes have firmly established the existence of ultra-high-energy (UHE) neutrinos. Observations of these neutrinos offer a unique probe of neutrino self-interactions. This work investigates how the self-interacting neutrinos, mediated by scalar bosons, inject energy into the medium through radiative scattering with the cosmic neutrino background, leaving an imprint on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) spectrum. The energy injection into plasma in redshift ranges, $5\times10…

Cost Effective Designs For Next-Generation Radio Telescopes
G B Raghavkrishna, Deeptangshu Banik, B Ravi Kumar, D Veeraswamy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22398

Cost Effective Designs For Next-Generation Radio Telescopes
Radio astronomy has entered its golden era, with many revolutionary facilities such as SKA, ngVLA, and LOFAR2.0 coming online in the next decade. These facilities are certain to redefine radio astronomy. However, on smaller scales-such as at institutional or amateur levels-radio astronomy is still mostly practiced for educational or personal interest. The primary reason small-scale radio astronomical experiments rarely produce cutting-edge scientific results is the limitation of funding availab…

Correcting astigmatism and ellipticity in Gaussian beams using a cylindrical lens pair with tunable focal lengths
Soroush Khoubyarian, Anastasiia Mashko, Alexandre Cooper
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22308

Correcting astigmatism and ellipticity in Gaussian beams using a cylindrical lens pair with tunable focal lengths
Correcting astigmatism and ellipticity in laser beams is critical for improving performance in many applications like microscopy, atomic physics, quantum information processing, and advanced manufacturing. Passive correction methods based on cylindrical lens telescopes require choosing lenses with precise focal lengths, effectively limiting the range of tunability when using standard catalog optics. Active solutions based on diffractive optical elements can achieve superior performance, but the…

Combined dark matter search towards dwarf spheroidal galaxies with Fermi-LAT, HAWC, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS
LAT Collaboration, et al.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20229 https…

Combined dark matter search towards dwarf spheroidal galaxies with Fermi-LAT, HAWC, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS
Dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) are excellent targets for indirect dark matter (DM) searches using gamma-ray telescopes because they are thought to have high DM content and a low astrophysical background. The sensitivity of these searches is improved by combining the observations of dSphs made by different gamma-ray telescopes. We present the results of a combined search by the most sensitive currently operating gamma-ray telescopes, namely: the satellite-borne Fermi-LAT telescope; the ground…

On beam characterization of ground-based CMB radio telescopes using UAV-mounted sources: application to the QUIJOTE TFGI and plans for LSPE-Strip
Fabio Paonessa, Lorenzo Ciorba, Giuseppe Addamo, Paz Alonso-Arias, Barbara Caccianiga, Marco Bersanelli, Francesco Cuttaia, Cristian Franceschet, Ricardo Tanausu Genova Santos, Massimo Gervasi, Roger Hoyland, Mike Jones, Carlos Hugo Lopez-Caraballo, Mauro Lumia, Michele Maris, Aniello Mennella, Gianluca Morgante, Oscar Antonio Peverini, Sabri…

On beam characterization of ground-based CMB radio telescopes using UAV-mounted sources: application to the QUIJOTE TFGI and plans for LSPE-Strip
The Large Scale Polarization Explorer (LSPE) project, funded by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), includes the development of LSPE-Strip, a ground-based radio telescope for observing Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies. LSPE-Strip, nearing its construction phase, will operate from the Teide Observatory in Tenerife, employing 49 coherent polarimeters at 43 GHz to deliver critical data on CMB anisotropies and 6 channels at 95 GHz as atmospheric monitor. On-site characterization of such a…

Telescopes on the Andes glimpse elusive encounters fueled by the very first stars in the universe more than 13 billion years ago by detecting cosmic microwave light signals https://www.404media.co/humans-have-now-seen-the-dawn-of-time-from-ear…

Humans Have Now Seen the Dawn of Time from Earth After Breakthrough
Telescopes perched on the Andes Mountains glimpsed elusive encounters fueled by the first of the first stars in the universe more than 13 billion years ago.

Detecting Land with Reflected Light Spectroscopy to Rule Out Waterworld O2 Biosignature False Positives
Anna Grace Ulses, Joshua Krissansen-Totton, Tyler D. Robinson, Victoria Meadows, David C. Catling, Jonathan J. Fortney
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21790

Detecting Land with Reflected Light Spectroscopy to Rule Out Waterworld O2 Biosignature False Positives
The search for life outside our solar system is at the forefront of modern astronomy, and telescopes such as the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) are being designed to identify biosignatures. Molecular oxygen, O2, is considered a promising indication of life, yet substantial abiotic O2 may accumulate from H2O photolysis and hydrogen escape on a lifeless, fully (100%) ocean-covered terrestrial planet when surface O2 sinks are suppressed. This so-called waterworld false positive scenario could …

A Measurement of the Largest-scale #CMB E-mode Polarization with CLASS: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/adc723 -> Small telescopes in Chile are first on Earth to cut through the cosmic noise, peering back more than 13 billion years to the universe's first light: https://hub.jhu.edu/2025/06/11/telescopes-look-at-cosmic-dawn/

Black holes as telescopes: Discovering supermassive binaries through quasi-periodic lensed starlight
Hanxi Wang, Miguel Zumalac\'arregui, Bence Kocsis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16544

Black holes as telescopes: Discovering supermassive binaries through quasi-periodic lensed starlight
Supermassive black hole (SMBH) binary systems are unavoidable outcomes of galaxy mergers. Their dynamics encode information about their formation and growth, the composition of their host galactic nuclei, the evolution of galaxies, and the nature of gravity. Many SMBH binaries with separations pc-kpc have been found, but closer (sub-parsec) binaries remain to be confirmed. Identifying these systems may elucidate how binaries evolve past the ``final parsec'' until gravitational radiation drives …

Real-time Light Curve Classification Framework for the Wide Field Survey Telescope Using Modified Semi-supervised Variational Auto-Encoder
Yongling Tang, Lulu Fan, Zhen Wan, Yating Liu, Yan Lu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01216

Real-time Light Curve Classification Framework for the Wide Field Survey Telescope Using Modified Semi-supervised Variational Auto-Encoder
Modern time-domain astronomy will benefit from the vast data collected by survey telescopes. The 2.5 m Wide Field Survey Telescope (WFST), with its powerful capabilities, is promising to make significant contributions in the era of large sky surveys. To harness the full potential of the enormous amount of unlabeled light curve data that the WFST will collect, we have developed a semisupervised light curve classification framework. This framework showcases several unique features. First, it is o…

Radio emission from flaring stars and brown dwarfs
K. Perger, B. Seli, K. Vida
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21169 https://arxiv.org/pdf…

Radio emission from flaring stars and brown dwarfs
Aims. With the aim to reveal the effects of the magnetic field to the multi-band activity of dwarf stars, we search for associated radio emission for an extensive list of 14 915 brown dwarfs and 15 124 flaring stars. Methods. We utilised the first and second epoch catalogues and radio maps from all three epochs of the VLASS, supplemented with X-ray catalogues based on observations by the ROSAT, eROSITA, and XMM-Newton space telescopes, and 2-minute cadence optical light curves from the TESS mis…

Observation of the Crab Nebula with the Single-Mirror Small-Size Telescope stereoscopic system at low altitude
C. Alispach, A. Araudo, M. Balbo, V. Beshley, J. Bla\v{z}ek, J. Borkowski, S. Boula, T. Bulik, F. Cadoux, S. Casanova, A. Christov, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, P. \v{C}echvala, P. D\v{e}dic, D. della Volpe, Y. Favre, M. Garczarczyk, L. Gibaud, T. Gieras, E. G{\l}owacki, P. Hamal, M. Heller, M. Hrabovsk\'y, P. Jane\v{c}ek, M. Jel\'inek, V. J\'ilek, J. Jury\v{s}ek, V. Kar…

Observation of the Crab Nebula with the Single-Mirror Small-Size Telescope stereoscopic system at low altitude
The Single-Mirror Small-Size Telescope (SST-1M) stereoscopic system is composed of two Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) designed for optimal performance for gamma-ray astronomy in the multi-TeV energy range. It features a 4-meter-diameter tessellated mirror dish and an innovative SiPM-based camera. Its optical system features a 4-m diameter spherical mirror dish based on the Davies-Cotton design, maintaining a good image quality over a large FoV while minimizing optical aberrati…

Revision of conservative lower bound on intergalactic magnetic field from Fermi and Cherenkov telescope observations of extreme blazars
J. Blunier, A. Neronov, D. Semikoz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22285

Revision of conservative lower bound on intergalactic magnetic field from Fermi and Cherenkov telescope observations of extreme blazars
Joint observations of extreme blazars with Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) and Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACT) have been previously used to derive lower bounds on intergalactic magnetic field (IGMF). We update these previous bounds using a set of extreme blazars that are detected in the Very-High-Energy (VHE, photon energies above 100 GeV) band by both Fermi/LAT and IACTs. We measure IGMF-dependent suppression of secondary delayed gamma-ray flux from electron-positron pairs dep…

The Neutrino Kaleidoscope: Searches for Non-Standard Neutrino Oscillations at Neutrino Telescopes with a TeV Muon Accelerator Source
Nicholas W. Kamp, Gray Putnam
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09249

The Neutrino Kaleidoscope: Searches for Non-Standard Neutrino Oscillations at Neutrino Telescopes with a TeV Muon Accelerator Source
Muon accelerators, a potential technology for enabling $\mathcal{O}$(10 TeV) parton center of mass energy collisions, would also source an intense, collimated beam of neutrinos at TeV energies. The energy and size of this beam would be excellently matched as a source for existing and planned neutrino telescopes: gigaton-sized detectors of astrophysical neutrinos at and above TeV energies. In this paper, we introduce the technical considerations and scientific reach of pairing a muon accelerator…

A Detailed Measurement View on IPv6 Scanners and Their Adaption to BGP Signals
Isabell Egloff, Raphael Hiesgen, Maynard Koch, Thomas C. Schmidt, Matthias W\"ahlisch
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20383

A Detailed Measurement View on IPv6 Scanners and Their Adaption to BGP Signals
Scanners are daily visitors of public IPv4 hosts. Scanning IPv6 nodes successfully is still a challenge, which an increasing crowd of actors tries to master. In this paper, we analyze current IPv6 scanning under various network conditions. We observe scanner behavior during eleven months in four network telescopes, one of which is periodically reconfigured by changing BGP announcements. We analyze and classify the observed scanners w.r.t. their temporal behavior, their target, and network selec…

Hybrid concept of detection for a wide-field gamma-ray observatory using Cherenkov telescopes
Alena Bakalov\'a, Ruben Concei\c{c}\~ao, Lucio Gibilisco, Mario Pimenta, Bernardo Tom\'e, Patrik \v{C}echvala, Vladim\'ir Novotn\'y, Jakub V\'icha, Jakub Jury\v{s}ek
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16719

Hybrid concept of detection for a wide-field gamma-ray observatory using Cherenkov telescopes
The hybrid detection approach in astroparticle physics has been successfully employed in cosmic-ray experiments and is currently being explored by gamma-ray observatories like LHAASO. We present a study on the hybrid detection concept for the future Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO), integrating multiple Cherenkov telescopes represented in the analysis by Single-Mirror Small-Size imaging atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (SST-1M) located next to the surface array of water Cherenko…

Stages of commissioning alignment for three-mirror anastigmat (TMA) telescopes
Solvay Blomquist, Heejoo Choi, Hyukmo Kang, Hayden Kim, Kevin Derby, Pierre Nicolas, Joanna Rosenbluth, Patrick Ingraham, Ewan S. Douglas, Daewook Kim
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19338

Stages of commissioning alignment for three-mirror anastigmat (TMA) telescopes
Reliable, autonomously, deployment of telescopes enables a wide range of possible science cases. In this paper, we present a method for multi-stage telescope alignment with a simple commercial imaging sensor. For these studies, we use a design of an example three mirror anastigmat telescope and consider how the average spot size across the detector changes as a function of primary and secondary mirror positioning. This multi-stage alignment procedure will consist of three subprocesses, starting…

Neutrino Telescope Event Classification on Quantum Computers
Pablo Rodriguez-Grasa, Pavel Zhelnin, Carlos A. Arg\"uelles, Mikel Sanz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16530

Neutrino Telescope Event Classification on Quantum Computers
Quantum computers represent a new computational paradigm with steadily improving hardware capabilities. In this article, we present the first study exploring how current quantum computers can be used to classify different neutrino event types observed in neutrino telescopes. We investigate two quantum machine learning approaches, Neural Projected Quantum Kernels (NPQKs) and Quantum Convolutional Neural Networks (QCNNs), and find that both achieve classification performance comparable to classic…

Replaced article(s) found for physics.geo-ph. https://arxiv.org/list/physics.geo-ph/new
[1/1]:
- A unified model of feed rotation in radio telescopes and GNSS antennas
Joe Skeens, Johnathan York, Leonid Petrov, Kyle Herrity, Richard Ji-Cathriner, Srinivas Bettadpur

Face to face with solar telescopes, meteorites and exoplanets: For the 6th Night of Science on June 21st 2025 in Göttingen, the MPI for Solar System Research is offering a full program of hands-on activities, lectures, guided tours, and unique exhibits.
Infos by MPS: https://www.mps.mpg.de/night-of-science-20

Nighttime Cloud Detection, Tracking and Prediction with All-Sky Cameras
Sebastian Buntin, Chris M. Copperwheat, Helen E. Jermak
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21711 https://

Nighttime Cloud Detection, Tracking and Prediction with All-Sky Cameras
This paper presents a novel method for real-time nighttime cloud detection, tracking, and prediction using all-sky cameras, aimed at enhancing the efficiency of ground-based robotic telescopes. Ground-based telescopes are vulnerable to adverse weather conditions, particularly cloud cover, which can lead to the loss of valuable observation time and potential damage to the telescope. Existing methods for cloud detection have limitations in accuracy, particularly under varying illumination conditi…

Crosslisted article(s) found for physics.optics. https://arxiv.org/list/physics.optics/new
[1/1]:
- Stages of commissioning alignment for three-mirror anastigmat (TMA) telescopes
Blomquist, Choi, Kang, Kim, Derby, Nicolas, Rosenbluth, Ingraham, Douglas, Kim

🔭 Photographers Build the World’s Largest Remote Observatory
https://petapixel.com/2025/07/11/photographers-build-the-worlds-largest-remote-observatory/

Photographers Build the World's Largest Remote Observatory
Clear night skies and nearly 500 telescopes.

Indirect Detection of Dark Matter Around a Supermassive Black Hole with High Energy-Resolution Gamma-Ray Telescopes
Yu Watanabe, Alexander Kusenko, Shigeki Matsumoto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.07009

Indirect Detection of Dark Matter Around a Supermassive Black Hole with High Energy-Resolution Gamma-Ray Telescopes
We explore whether the unprecedented energy resolution of upcoming gamma-ray telescopes can uncover relativistic effects in photon spectra resulting from dark matter (DM) annihilation or decay near the supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the Galactic Center (GC), specifically, gravitational redshift, Doppler broadening due to Lorentz boosts, and kinetic energy enhancements arising from high DM velocities. By modeling DM density and velocity profiles under various SMBH formation scenarios and DM p…

SST-1M Observations of Markarian 421
Srija Reddy Muthyala (for the SST-1M Collaboration), Anabella Araudo (for the SST-1M Collaboration), Jakub Jury\v{s}ek (for the SST-1M Collaboration), Ana Laura M\"uller (for the SST-1M Collaboration)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18445

SST-1M Observations of Markarian 421
Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) is the closest and one of the brightest high-frequency peaked blazars, located at a redshift of z = 0.031. It is a strong source of gamma rays, and its broadband emission has been extensively studied over the years through multi-wavelength observations from various telescopes. Mrk 421 has been a target of observational campaigns conducted by the SST-1M telescopes - two single-mirror small-size Cherenkov telescopes at Ondrejov Observatory, Prague, Czech Republic. These te…

Humans Have Now Seen the Dawn of Time from Earth After Breakthrough https://www.404media.co/humans-have-now-seen-the-dawn-of-time-from-earth-after-breakthrough/

Unveiling IPv6 Scanning Dynamics: A Longitudinal Study Using Large Scale Proactive and Passive IPv6 Telescopes
Hammas Bin Tanveer, Wai Sun Chan, Ricky K. P. Mok, Sebastian Kappes, Philipp Richter, Oliver Gasser, John Ronan, Arthur Berger, kc Claffy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.07506

Unveiling IPv6 Scanning Dynamics: A Longitudinal Study Using Large Scale Proactive and Passive IPv6 Telescopes
We introduce new tools and vantage points to develop and integrate proactive techniques to attract IPv6 scan traffic, thus enabling its analysis. By deploying the largest-ever IPv6 proactive telescope in a production ISP network, we collected over 600M packets of unsolicited traffic from 1.9k Autonomous Systems in 10 months. We characterized the sources of unsolicited traffic, evaluated the effectiveness of five major features across the network stack, and inferred scanners' sources of target a…

Wavefront super-resolution for Adaptive Optics systems on ground-based telescopes
Yutong Wu, Roland Wagner, Ronny Ramlau, Raymond H. Chan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19150 https:…

Wavefront super-resolution for Adaptive Optics systems on ground-based telescopes
In ground-based astronomy, Adaptive Optics (AO) is a pivotal technique, engineered to correct wavefront phase distortions and thereby enhance the quality of the observed images. Integral to an AO system is the wavefront sensor (WFS), which is crucial for detecting wavefront aberrations from guide stars, essential for phase calculations. Many models based on a single-WFS model have been proposed to obtain the high-resolution phase of the incoming wavefront. In this paper, we delve into the realm…

Experimental demonstration of high compression of space by optical spaceplates
Ryan Hogan, Yaryna Mamchur, R. Margoth Cordova-Castro, Graham Carlow, Brian T. Sullivan, Orad Reshef, Robert W. Boyd, Jeff S. Lundeen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20647

Experimental demonstration of high compression of space by optical spaceplates
The physical size of optical imaging systems is one of the greatest constraints on their use, limiting the performance and deployment of a range of systems from telescopes to mobile phone cameras. Spaceplates are nonlocal optical devices that compress free-space propagation into a shorter distance, paving the way for more compact optical systems, potentially even thin flat cameras. Here, we demonstrate the first engineered optical spaceplate and experimentally observe the highest space compress…

Smoking gun signature from axion and the constraints with radio telescopes
Zixuan Liu, Jiajun Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05795 https://

Smoking gun signature from axion and the constraints with radio telescopes
Axions are an elegant solution to the strong CP problem for particle physics and a promising dark matter candidate. They can convert into photons under a strong magnetic field, while magnetars with extreme magnetic fields are natural labs for axion detection. Radio telescopes can detect the radio emission from axion-photon conversion near magnetars. In this study, we have refined the calculation of axion-photon conversion and developed the matched filtering integration method to largely improve…

Thermal and Optical Characterization of Near-Earth Objects: Science Commissioning of the Recently Upgraded Mid-Infrared Camera MIRSI on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility
Andy J. L\'opez-Oquendo, Joseph L. Hora, David E. Trilling, Howard A. Smith
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13943

Thermal and Optical Characterization of Near-Earth Objects: Science Commissioning of the Recently Upgraded Mid-Infrared Camera MIRSI on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility
Mid-infrared (mid-IR) observations of Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) have historically been a valuable tool for understanding their physical properties. However, the current state of mid-IR instruments on ground-based telescopes places several limitations on performing thermal characterization of NEOs. The complexity of maintaining these instruments in operational conditions on telescopes has led to their decommissioning. Here, we present the first science commissioning observations out to 12.5 micr…

Observation of Astrophysical Sources with SST-1M Telescopes -- First Results
Jakub Jury\v{s}ek (for the SST-1M Collaboration), Thomas Tavernier (for the SST-1M Collaboration), Vladim\'ir Novotn\'y (for the SST-1M Collaboration)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17451

Observation of Astrophysical Sources with SST-1M Telescopes -- First Results
The Single-Mirror Small Size Cherenkov Telescope (SST-1M) was developed by a consortium of institutes in Switzerland, Poland, and the Czech Republic. The SST-1M design is based on the Davies-Cotton concept, featuring a 4-meter mirror and an innovative SiPM-based camera. It is most sensitive to gamma rays in the TeV and multi-TeV energy bands. Since 2022, two SST-1M prototypes have been commissioned at the Ondrejov Observatory in the Czech Republic, where their performance in both mono and stere…

Radio Killed the Axion Star: Constraining Axion Properties with Radio Telescopes
Patrick J. Fox, Neal Weiner, Huangyu Xiao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08371 https://

Radio Killed the Axion Star: Constraining Axion Properties with Radio Telescopes
Axion dark matter or any ultralight bosonic dark matter can go through Bose-Einstein condensation due to the large phase density, leading to the formation of axion stars or solitons in dark matter halo centers. The formation rate is enhanced in the presence of the substructures expected in the post-inflationary scenario for the QCD axion or axion-like particles. An axion star will continue to grow until a critical mass is reached, after which it collapses and then explodes, with the emission of…

Generative imaging for radio interferometry with fast uncertainty quantification
Matthijs Mars, Tob\'ias I. Liaudat, Jessica J. Whitney, Marta M. Betcke, Jason D. McEwen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21270

Generative imaging for radio interferometry with fast uncertainty quantification
With the rise of large radio interferometric telescopes, particularly the SKA, there is a growing demand for computationally efficient image reconstruction techniques. Existing reconstruction methods, such as the CLEAN algorithm or proximal optimisation approaches, are iterative in nature, necessitating a large amount of compute. These methods either provide no uncertainty quantification or require large computational overhead to do so. Learned reconstruction methods have shown promise in provi…

Stereo performance of SST-1M at different altitudes
Patrik \v{C}echvala (for the SST-1M collaboration), Vladim\'ir Novotn\'y (for the SST-1M collaboration), Ji\v{r}\'i Bla\v{z}ek (for the SST-1M collaboration), Ana Laura M\"uller (for the SST-1M collaboration), Jakub Jury\v{s}ek (for the SST-1M collaboration), Thomas Tavernier (for the SST-1M collaboration)

Stereo performance of SST-1M at different altitudes
The SST-1M telescopes are a pair of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) that have been operating at the Ondřejov Observatory (510 m a.s.l.) in the Czech Republic since 2022. Optimized for detecting gamma rays in the energy range 1-300 TeV, they are capable of performing both mono and stereo observations. Despite challenging atmospheric conditions, SST-1M has successfully detected several galactic and extragalactic gamma-ray sources with energies reaching up to 200 TeV during its o…

NeuralPDR: Neural Differential Equations as surrogate models for Photodissociation Regions
Gijs Vermari\"en, Thomas G. Bisbas, Serena Viti, Yue Zhao, Xuefei Tang, Rahul Ravichandran
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14270

NeuralPDR: Neural Differential Equations as surrogate models for Photodissociation Regions
Computational astrochemical models are essential for helping us interpret and understand the observations of different astrophysical environments. In the age of high-resolution telescopes such as JWST and ALMA, the substructure of many objects can be resolved, raising the need for astrochemical modeling at these smaller scales, meaning that the simulations of these objects need to include both the physics and chemistry to accurately model the observations. The computational cost of the simulati…

NIKA2 Cosmological Legacy Survey: Blind detection of galaxy clusters in the COSMOS field via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect
D. Ch\'erouvrier, J. F. Macias-Perez, F. X. D\'esert, R. Adam, P. Ade, H. Ajeddig, S. Amarantidis, P. Andr\'e, H. Aussel, R. Barrena, A. Beelen, A. Benoit, S. Berta, M. B\'ethermin, A. Bongiovanni, J. Bounmy, O. Bourrion, L. -J. Bing, M. Calvo, A. Catalano, M. De Petris, S. Doyle, E. F. C. Driessen, G. Ejlali, A. Ferragamo, M. Fernandez-Torreiro…

NIKA2 Cosmological Legacy Survey: Blind detection of galaxy clusters in the COSMOS field via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect
(Abridged) Clusters of galaxies, formed in the latest stages of structure formation, are unique cosmological probes. With the advent of large CMB surveys like those from the Planck satellite, the ACT and SPT telescopes, we now have access to a large number of galaxy clusters detected at millimeter wavelengths via the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect. Nevertheless, it is interesting to complement them with high-angular-resolution (tens of arcseconds) observations to target the lowest-mass…

A Decentralized Framework for Radio-interferometric Image Reconstruction
S. Wang, S. Mignot, S. Prunet, L. Di Mascolo, M. Spinelli, A. Ferrari
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22128 h…

A Decentralized Framework for Radio-interferometric Image Reconstruction
The advent of large aperture arrays, such as the ones currently under construction for the SKA project, allows for observing the Universe in the radio-spectrum at unprecedented resolution and sensitivity. To process the enormous amounts of data produced by these telescopes, scalable software pipelines are required. This paper helps address this by proposing a framework that allows for decentralized radio-interferometric image reconstruction, parallelizing by spatial frequency. This is achieved …

Noise in Maps of the Sun at Radio Wavelengths I: Theoretical Considerations
Timothy Bastian, Bin Chen, Surajit Mondal, Pascal Saint-Hilaire
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09838

Noise in Maps of the Sun at Radio Wavelengths I: Theoretical Considerations
The Sun is a powerful source of radio emissions, so much so that, unlike most celestial sources, this emission can dominate the system noise of radio telescopes. We outline the theory of noise in maps formed by Fourier synthesis techniques at radio wavelengths, with a focus on self-noise: that is, noise due to the source itself. As a means of developing intuition we consider noise for the case of a single dish, a two-element interferometer, and an n-element array for simple limiting cases. We t…

Broadband Modelling of GRB 230812B Afterglow: Implications for VHE $\gamma$-ray Detection with IACTs
Shraddha Mohnani, Biswajit Banerjee, Davide Miceli, Lara Nava, Gor Oganesyan, Pawan Tiwari, Annarita Ierardi, Alessio L. De Santis, Samanta Macera, Amit Shukla, Marica Branchesi, Swarna Chatterjee, Sushmita Agarwal, Abhirup Datta, Kuldeep Kumar Yadav, G. C. Anupama

Broadband Modelling of GRB 230812B Afterglow: Implications for VHE $γ$-ray Detection with IACTs
A significant fraction of the energy from the $γ$-ray burst (GRB) jets, after powering the keV-MeV emission, forms an ultra-relativistic shock propagating into the circumburst medium. The particles in the medium accelerate through the shock and produce afterglow emission. Recently, a few GRB afterglows have been observed in TeV $γ$-rays by Cherenkov Telescopes. This provides access to broadband spectra of GRB afterglows containing rich information about the microphysics of relativistic shocks…

Prospects of detecting rotational flatness of exoplanets from space-based photometry
Sz. K\'alm\'an, Sz. Csizmadia, L. M. Bernab\'o, R. Szab\'o, Gy. M. Szab\'o
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15359

Prospects of detecting rotational flatness of exoplanets from space-based photometry
In the era of photometry with space-based telescopes, such as CHEOPS (CHaracterizing ExOPlanets Satellite), JWST (James Webb Space Telescope), PLATO (PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars), and ARIEL (Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey), the road has opened for detecting subtle distortions in exoplanet transit light curves -- resulting from their non-spherical shape. We investigate the prospects of retrieval of rotational flatness (oblateness) of exoplanets at var…

On the Transients Handler for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory
Tiffany Collins, Kathrin Egberts, Constantin Steppa, Igor Oya, Dominik Neise
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20726

On the Transients Handler for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is a next-generation gamma-ray observatory in both the Southern (Paranal, Chile) and Northern Hemisphere (La Palma, Spain) and will consist of up to 100 imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. With sensitivity far exceeding current facilities, CTAO will provide detailed measurements of gamma rays from GeV up to a few 100s of TeV. CTAO has a nominal field of view of 10° and will rely on external alerts from observatories such as IceCube (neutri…

GalaxyGenius: A Mock Galaxy Image Generator for Various Telescopes from Hydrodynamical Simulations
Xingchen Zhou, Hang Yang, Nan Li, Qi Xiong, Furen Deng, Xian-Min Meng, Renhao Ye, Shiyin Shen, Peng Wei, Qifan Cui, Zizhao He, Ayodeji Ibitoye, Chengliang Wei, Yuedong Fang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15060

GalaxyGenius: A Mock Galaxy Image Generator for Various Telescopes from Hydrodynamical Simulations
To advance research on galaxies in the era of large-scale sky surveys, we introduce GalaxyGenius, a Python package designed to produce synthetic galaxy images tailored to different telescopes based on hydrodynamical simulations. The package comprises three main modules: data preprocessing, ideal data cube generation, and mock observation. Specifically, the preprocessing module extracts necessary properties of star and gas particles for a selected subhalo from hydrodynamical simulations and crea…

High-Energy Neutrinos from Cosmic-Ray Scatterings with Supernova Neutrinos
Gonzalo Herrera, Shunsaku Horiuchi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11891 https://arxi…

High-Energy Neutrinos from Cosmic-Ray Scatterings with Supernova Neutrinos
Cosmic rays scattering with neutrinos produced in supernovae induce a flux of supernova neutrinos boosted to high energies. We calculate the neutrino flux arising from this new mechanism in environments with large cosmic-ray and supernova densities, such as some Active Galactic Nuclei. Under plausible astrophysical conditions, this flux may be detectable with high-energy neutrino telescopes, just considering the proton-neutrino scattering cross section expected in the Standard Model. Furthermor…

FRB 20200428 and potentially associated hard X-ray bursts: Maser emission and synchrotron radiation of electrons in a weakly magnetized plasma?
Xiao Li, En-Wei Liang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19315

FRB 20200428 and potentially associated hard X-ray bursts: Maser emission and synchrotron radiation of electrons in a weakly magnetized plasma?
The temporal and spatial coincidence between FRB 20200428 and hard peaks of the X-ray burst from SGR 1935+2154 suggests their potential association. We attributed them to the plasma synchrotron maser emission and synchrotron radiation of electrons in weakly magnetized, relativistically moving plasma blobs, and Monte Carlo simulation analysis shows that our model can predict observable fast radio burst outbursts and associated hard X-ray bursts with current telescopes. We constrained the propert…

A Reassessment of the Pantheon and DES 5YR Calibration Uncertainties: Dovekie
B. Popovic, W. D. Kenworthy, M. Ginolin, A. Goobar, P. Shah, B. M. Boyd, A. Do, D. Brout, D. Scolnic, M. Vincenzi, S. Dhawan, D. O. Jones, M. Smith, M. Rigault, B. Racine, E. E. Hayes, R. Chen, P. Wiseman, L. Galbany, M. Grayling, L. LaCroix, C. Barjou-Delayre, D. Kuhn, C. Lemon

A Reassessment of the Pantheon+ and DES 5YR Calibration Uncertainties: Dovekie
Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) are crucial tools to measure the accelerating expansion of the universe, comprising thousands of SNe across multiple telescopes. Accurate measurements of cosmological parameters with SNe Ia require a robust understanding and cross-calibration of the telescopes and filters. A previous cross-calibration effort, 'Fragilistic', provided 25 photometric systems, but offered no public code or ability to add new surveys. We provide an open-source cross-calibration solution, …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.18202 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

A post-common-envelope binary with double-peaked Balmer emission lines from TMTS
The dynamical method provides an efficient way to discover post-common-envelope binaries (PCEB) with faint white dwarfs (WDs), thanks to the development of time-domain survey projects. We perform a comprehensive analysis of the PCEB system TMTS J15530469+4457458 (J1553), discovered by the Tsinghua University-Ma Huateng Telescopes for Survey, to explore its physical origin and evolutionary fate. This system is characterized by double-peaked Balmer emission lines, and a cross-correlation function…

Double-offset Cassegrain telescopes for the Ultraviolet Type Ia (UVIa) mission concept
Fernando Cruz Aguirre, Keri Hoadley, Curtis McCully, Gillian Kyne, Shouleh Nikzad, John Hennessy, April D. Jewell, Christophe Basset, Daniel Harbeck, Greyson Davis, Leonidas A. Moustakas, D. Andrew Howell, Saurabh W. Jha, David J. Sand, Peter Brown, Ken Shen
https:…

Double-offset Cassegrain telescopes for the Ultraviolet Type Ia (UVIa) mission concept
Our understanding of cosmology is shaped by Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), the runaway thermonuclear detonations of white dwarfs via accretion from a companion star. The nature of this companion star is highly debated, with disparate models explaining currently available SNe Ia data. Critical ultraviolet (UV) signatures of SNe Ia progenitors are only observable within the first few days post-detonation. We present the instrument design of UVIa, a proposed SmallSat to make early UV observations of…

Crosslisted article(s) found for astro-ph.EP. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.EP/new
[1/1]:
- Identifying Habitable Exoplanets with Radio Telescopes on the Lunar Farside
N. Mahesh, et al.

Radial Pulsations in Polaris: A Secondary Science Application of Cherenkov Telescopes via Intensity Interferometry
Km Nitu Rai, Prasenjit Saha, Subrata Sarangi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09742

Radial Pulsations in Polaris: A Secondary Science Application of Cherenkov Telescopes via Intensity Interferometry
Ground-based Cherenkov telescopes, although typically inoperative during moonlit nights for gamma-ray observations, offer a valuable opportunity for secondary scientific applications through Intensity Interferometry (II). Recent developments and observations suggest that implementing II instrumentation on existing Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) or the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) can significantly advance optical stellar measurements. Motivated by the resurgence of II effor…

A Systematic Search for MeV-GeV Pulsar Wind Nebulae without Gamma-ray Detected Pulsars
Jordan Eagle, Daniel Castro, Wei Zhang, Diego Torres, Jean Ballet, The Fermi-LAT Collaboration
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18599

A Systematic Search for MeV-GeV Pulsar Wind Nebulae without Gamma-ray Detected Pulsars
An increasing number of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are being identified in the TeV band by ground-based Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes such that they constitute the dominant source class of Galactic TeV emitters. However, MeV-GeV PWN counterparts are still largely lacking. To date, only a dozen PWNe are identified by the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) in the MeV-GeV band. Most PWNe are located along the Galactic plane embedded within the prominent, diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission, which…

Exploring ultra-high energy neutrino experiments through the lens of the transport equation
Stefano Palmisano, Diego Redigolo, Michele Tammaro, Andrea Tesi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.10665

Exploring ultra-high energy neutrino experiments through the lens of the transport equation
We develop a first-principles formalism, based on the transport equation in the line-of-sight approximation, to link the expected number of muons at neutrino telescopes to the flux of neutrinos at the Earth surface. We compute the distribution of muons inside Earth, arising from the up-scattering of neutrinos close to the detector, as well as from the decay of taus produced farther away. This framework allows one to account for systematic uncertainties, as well as to clarify the assumptions beh…

Identifying Habitable Exoplanets with Radio Telescopes on the Lunar Farside
N. Mahesh, J. D. Bowman, J. O. Burns, S. D. Bale, T-C. Chang, S. Furlanetto, G. Hallinan, A. Hegedus, J. Mirocha, J. Pober, R. Polidan, D. Rapetti, N. Thyagarajan, J. Turner
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14126

Identifying Habitable Exoplanets with Radio Telescopes on the Lunar Farside
The search for habitable conditions beyond Earth is a top priority in astrophysics. The discovery of habitable exoplanets beyond our solar system will require a suite of instruments providing long-term monitoring for detection (e.g. with space and ground-based radial velocity observations), spectroscopic characterization of atmospheric and surface properties, and eventually deep chronograph-aided observations from e.g. JWST, Roman Space Telescope, and the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO). Det…

Testing the ubiquitous presence of very high energy emission in gamma-ray bursts with the MAGIC telescopes
S. Abe, J. Abhir, A. Abhishek, V. A. Acciari, A. Aguasca-Cabot, I. Agudo, T. Aniello, S. Ansoldi, L. A. Antonelli, A. Arbet Engels, C. Arcaro, T. T. H. Arnesen, K. Asano, A. Babic, C. Bakshi, U. Barres de Almeida, J. A. Barrio, L. Barrios-Jimenez, I. Batkovic, J. Baxter, J. Becerra Gonzalez, W. Bednarek, E. Bernardini, J. Bernete, A. Berti, J. Besenrieder, C. Bigongiari, A. Biland…

Testing the ubiquitous presence of very high energy emission in gamma-ray bursts with the MAGIC telescopes
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most powerful transient objects in the Universe, and they are a primary target for the MAGIC Collaboration. Recognizing the challenges of observing these elusive objects with Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), we implemented a dedicated observational strategy that included an automated procedure for rapid re-pointing to transient sources. Since 2013, this automated procedure has enabled MAGIC to observe GRBs at a rate of approximately ten per year,…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.21843 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

Determination of Light Curve Parameters of Poorly Studied Eclipsing Variables Using Data from Tess and Other Sky Surveys
A group of poorly studied eclipsing variables (the classification of which is marked as uncertain and/or the period of brightness changes is uncertain) has been studied with the using of the photometric observations of the TESS mission and NSVS, ASAS-SN sky surveys. We also obtained some observations covering the brightness minima of our variables by our group using the telescopes at Astronomical Observatory on Kolonica Saddle (Slovakia) and Observatory and Planetarium in Hlohovec (Slovakia) du…

An RFSoC-based F-engine for ARGOS
Yunpeng Men, Ewan Barr, Amit Bansod, Weiwei Chen, Jason Wu, John Antoniadis, Jan Behrend, Niclas Esser, Oliver Polch, Gundolf Wieching, Tobias Winchen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19386

An RFSoC-based F-engine for ARGOS
Radio interferometers provide the means to perform the wide-field-of-view (FoV), high-sensitivity observations required for modern radio surveys. As computing power per cost has decreased, there has been a move towards larger arrays of smaller dishes, such as DSA-2000, the upcoming HIRAX, CHORD and SKA radio telescopes. Such arrays can have simpler receiver designs with room-temperature low-noise amplifiers and direct sampling to achieve, greatly reducing the cost per antenna. The ARGOS project…

Advancements in the IceAct Energy Spectrum Analysis
Larissa Paul (for the IceCube Collaboration)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08779 https://

Advancements in the IceAct Energy Spectrum Analysis
The IceAct telescopes are Imaging Air Cherenkov telescopes installed as part of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the geographic South Pole. They consist of a 61 pixel camera and are small and robust to withstand the harsh environmental conditions. IceAct detects Cherenkov light produced by cosmic-ray particles with energies above approximately 10\,TeV interacting inside the atmosphere, which is complementary to the measurement of the air shower at the surface by IceTop and the high-energy mu…

Accelerating exoplanet climate modelling: A machine learning approach to complement 3D GCM grid simulations
Alexander Plaschzug, Amit Reza, Ludmila Carone, Sebastian Gernjak, Christiane Helling
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10827

Accelerating exoplanet climate modelling: A machine learning approach to complement 3D GCM grid simulations
With the development of ever-improving telescopes capable of observing exoplanet atmospheres in greater detail and number, there is a growing demand for enhanced 3D climate models to support and help interpret observational data from space missions like CHEOPS, TESS, JWST, PLATO, and Ariel. However, the computationally intensive and time-consuming nature of general circulation models (GCMs) poses significant challenges in simulating a wide range of exoplanetary atmospheres. This study aims to d…

An optical to infrared study of type II SN2024ggi at nebular times
Luc Dessart, Rubina Kotak, Wynn Jacobson-Galan, Kaustav Das, Christoffer Fremling, Mansi Kasliwal, Yu-Jing Qin, Sam Rose
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05803

An optical to infrared study of type II SN2024ggi at nebular times
We present 0.3-21mic observations at ~275d and ~400d for Type II supernova (SN) 2024ggi, combining ground-based optical and near-infrared data from the Keck I/II telescopes and space-based infrared data from the James Webb Space Telescope. Although the optical regions dominate the observed flux, SN2024ggi is bright at infrared wavelengths (65%/35% falls each side of 1mic). SN2024ggi exhibits a plethora of emission lines from H, He, intermediate-mass elements (O, Na, Mg, S, Ar, Ca), and iron-gro…

'Setting Fire to the Last Forest': Project West Ford and the Mobilization of the Astronomical Community 1958-1965
John C. Barentine
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14714

'Setting Fire to the Last Forest': Project West Ford and the Mobilization of the Astronomical Community 1958-1965
The dawning of the Space Age marked the start of an ongoing relationship between the professional astronomical community and both state and non-state actors that launch and operate spacecraft in near-Earth orbital space. While the Cold War heated up in the late 1950s, military uses of outer space quickly came into conflict with the priorities of astronomers then building ever-bigger ground-based telescopes and envisioning the first generation of space telescopes. As the threat of global thermon…

Mitigating incoherent excess variance in high-redshift 21-cm observations with multi-output cross Gaussian process regression
S. Munshi, L. V. E. Koopmans, F. G. Mertens, A. R. Offringa, S. A. Brackenhoff, E. Ceccotti, J. K. Chege, L. Y. Gao, S. Ghosh, M. Mevius, S. Zaroubi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08235

Mitigating incoherent excess variance in high-redshift 21-cm observations with multi-output cross Gaussian process regression
Systematic effects that limit the achievable sensitivity of current low-frequency radio telescopes to the 21-cm signal are among the foremost challenges in observational 21-cm cosmology. The standard approach to retrieving the 21-cm signal from radio interferometric data separates it from bright astrophysical foregrounds by exploiting their spectrally smooth nature, in contrast to the finer spectral structure of the 21-cm signal. Contaminants exhibiting rapid frequency fluctuations, on the othe…

An Algorithm Architecture for Radio Interferometric Data Processing
S. Bhatnagar, U. Rau, M. Hsieh, J. Kern, R. Xue
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.17187 https://

An Algorithm Architecture for Radio Interferometric Data Processing
We present a foundational, scalable algorithm architecture for processing data from aperture synthesis radio telescopes. The analysis leading to the architecture is rooted in the theory of aperture synthesis, signal processing and numerical optimization keeping it scalable for variations in computing load, algorithmic complexity, and accommodate the continuing evolution of algorithms. It also adheres to scientific software design principles and use of modern performance engineering techniques p…

Warm, water-depleted rocky exoplanets with surface ionic liquids: A proposed class for planetary habitability
Rachana Agrawal, Sara Seager, Iaroslav Iakubivskyi, Weston P. Buchanan, Ana Glidden, Maxwell D. Seager, William Bains, Jingcheng Huang, Janusz J. Petkowski
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08437 …

Warm, water-depleted rocky exoplanets with surface ionic liquids: A proposed class for planetary habitability
The discovery of thousands of exoplanets and the emergence of telescopes capable of exoplanet atmospheric characterization have intensified the search for habitable worlds. Due to selection biases, many exoplanets under study are planets deemed inhospitable because their surfaces are too warm to support liquid water. We propose that such planets could still support life through ionic liquids: Liquid salts with negligible vapor pressure that can persist on warm planets with thin atmospheres, whe…

Deep learning image burst stacking to reconstruct high-resolution ground-based solar observations
Christoph Schirninger, Robert Jarolim, Astrid M. Veronig, Christoph Kuckein
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04781

Deep learning image burst stacking to reconstruct high-resolution ground-based solar observations
Large aperture ground based solar telescopes allow the solar atmosphere to be resolved in unprecedented detail. However, observations are limited by Earths turbulent atmosphere, requiring post image corrections. Current reconstruction methods using short exposure bursts face challenges with strong turbulence and high computational costs. We introduce a deep learning approach that reconstructs 100 short exposure images into one high quality image in real time. Using unpaired image to image trans…

Constraining Common Envelope Evolution in Binary Neutron Star Formation with Combined Galactic and Gravitational-Wave Observations
Zhiwei Chen, Jihui Zhang, Youjun Lu, Jifeng Liu, Changwen Zeng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14397

Constraining Common Envelope Evolution in Binary Neutron Star Formation with Combined Galactic and Gravitational-Wave Observations
Binary neutron stars (BNSs) are among the most interesting sources for multimessenger studies. A number of recently discovered BNSs in the Milky Way by radio telescopes have added new information to the parameter distribution of the Galactic BNSs. The scarce of BNS mergers during the O4 run of the LIGO-Virgo-Kagra (LVK) suggests a BNS local merger rate six times lower than the previous constraint obtained by O1-O3 runs. With these new multimessenger observations, in this letter, we adopt the co…

Direct High-Resolution Imaging of Earth-Like Exoplanets
Slava G. Turyshev
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20236 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506…

Direct High-Resolution Imaging of Earth-Like Exoplanets
We have surveyed all conventional methods proposed or conceivable for obtaining resolved images of an Earth-like exoplanet. Generating a 10x10 pixel map of a 1 R_Earth world at 10 pc demands ~0.85 uas angular resolution and photon collection sufficient for SNR >= 5 per "micro-pixel". We derived diffraction-limit and photon-budget requirements for: (1) large single-aperture space telescopes with internal coronagraphs; (2) external starshades; (3) space-based interferometry (nulling and non-nulli…

Unveiling the dark Universe with HI and EMBER-2
Mauro Bernardini, Robert Feldmann, Daniel Angl\'es-Alc\'azar, Philipp Denzel, Jindra Gensior
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05339

Unveiling the dark Universe with HI and EMBER-2
Next-generation radio telescopes will provide unprecedented data volumes of the neutral hydrogen (HI) distribution across cosmic time. Combining weak lensing surveys with spatial and kinematic observations of HI could help constrain key properties of dark matter, such as its mass, clustering behavior, and spatial distribution. However, inferring dark matter properties from HI observations is challenging because of processes related to galaxy formation, such as stellar feedback. Methods that use…

The Dispersion Leverage Coronagraph (DLC): A nulling coronagraph for use on primary objective grating telescopes
Leaf Swordy, Heidi Jo Newberg, Becket Hill, Richard K. Barry, Marina Cousins, Kerrigan Nish, Frank Ravizza, Sarah Rickborn
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11745

The Dispersion Leverage Coronagraph (DLC): A nulling coronagraph for use on primary objective grating telescopes
We present the Dispersion Leverage Coronagraph (DLC), a novel variation of the Achromatic Interfero Coronagraph (AIC) that is designed for optical systems featuring large, dispersive primary objective gratings. DLC was originally designed for the Diffractive Interfero Coronagraph Exoplanet Resolver (DICER), a notional 20m class infrared space telescope utilizing the enhanced one-dimensional angular resolution of large diffraction gratings in order to discover and characterize near-Earth exoplan…

The Pierre Auger Observatory: Contributions to the 39th International Cosmic Rays Conference
Collaboration, Halim, Abreu, Aglietta, Allekotte, Cheminant, Almela, Aloisio, Alvarez-Mu\~niz, Ambrosone, Yebra, Anchordoqui, Andrada, Dourado, Apollonio, Aramo, Arnone, Vel\'azquez, Assis, Avila, Avocone, Bakalova, Baluta, Barbato, Mocellin, Bellido, Berat, Bertaina, Bianciotto, Biermann, Binet, Bismark, Bister, Biteau, Blazek, Bl\"umer, Boh\'a\v{c}ov\'a, Boncioli, Bonifazi, B…

The Pierre Auger Observatory: Contributions to the 39th International Cosmic Rays Conference
The Pierre Auger Observatory, located in La Pampa Amarilla, Argentina, has been continuously acquiring data since 2004. It comprises a surface detector array covering 3,000 km$^2$ and 27 fluorescence telescopes, designed to detect extensive air showers initiated by ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. An upgrade to the Observatory was commissioned in 2024, enhancing the existing water-Cherenkov detectors with additional radio antennas, surface scintillator detectors, and a buried scintillator array. …

On-axis afocal telescopes as framework for Cubesat based astronomical imagers and slit-less spectrographs
Anwesh Kumar Mishra, Gourav Banerjee, Rekhesh Mohan, Maheswar Gopinathan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08323

On-axis afocal telescopes as framework for Cubesat based astronomical imagers and slit-less spectrographs
Cubesats present unique opportunities for observational astronomy in the modern era. They are useful in observing difficult-to-access wavelength regions and long-term monitoring of interesting astronomical sources. However, conventional telescope designs are not necessarily the best fit for restricted envelope of a Cubesat. Additionally, fine-pointing stability on these platforms is difficult due to the low mass of the spacecraft and special allocations within the optical design are needed to a…

Calibration and Performance Validation of the SST-1M Telescopes Using Crab Nebula Observations
Thomas Tavernier, Jakub Jury\v{s}ek, Vladimir Novotny
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08861

Calibration and Performance Validation of the SST-1M Telescopes Using Crab Nebula Observations
SST-1M is a prototype single mirror Small Sized Cherenkov Telescope designed for very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy. With a 4 meter primary mirror and a 5.6 meter focal length, it provides a wide 9 degree optical field of view, optimized for detecting VHE gamma-rays from 1 TeV to several hundred TeV. Its focal plane is equipped with DigiCam, a fully digital trigger and readout camera made of 1296 silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) pixels. The use of SiPM sensors enables observation under hi…

Search for Short Timescale Variability in PG1553 113 with LST-1 of CTAO
Arshia Ruina, Helena Luciani, Elisa Prandini
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11104 https…

Search for Short Timescale Variability in PG1553+113 with LST-1 of CTAO
PG 1553+113 is a high-frequency peaked BL Lac object (HBL), with redshift 0.433, detected with the current generation of IACTs (Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes) up to $\sim$ 1 TeV. Interestingly, the continuous $γ$-ray lightcurve collected by Fermi-LAT since 2008 showed a signature of a periodic modulation of $2.18 \pm 0.08$ years at energies above 100 MeV and 1 GeV. In addition, the source shows clear variabiliy down to day-scale in all bands. XMM-Newton data recently showed rapid va…

Frabjous: Deep Learning Fast Radio Burst Morphologies
Ajay Kumar, Ashish A. Mahabal, Shriharsh P. Tendulkar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14854 https://

Frabjous: Deep Learning Fast Radio Burst Morphologies
The increasing field of view of radio telescopes and improved data processing capabilities have led to a surge in the detection of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs). The discovery rate of FRBs is already a few per day and is expected to increase rapidly with new surveys coming online. The growing number of events necessitates prioritized follow-up due to limited multi-wavelength resources, requiring rapid and automated classification. In this study, we introduce Frabjous, a deep learning framework for a…

Comparison of Phase-Unwrapping Methods for Adaptive Optics Wavefront Sensing
D. Angelica Huerta, Justin R. Crepp, Caleb G. Abbott, Brian Joseph
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14167 …

Comparison of Phase-Unwrapping Methods for Adaptive Optics Wavefront Sensing
Advanced wavefront sensors (WFS) are essential for enabling new science cases for telescopes that utilize adaptive optics (AO) systems. While complex field WFS -- those that estimate the electric field phase and amplitude through interference or diffraction effects -- can achieve extraordinary sensitivity compared to existing devices, they typically reconstruct the wrapped phase of the measured wavefront, which must then be unwrapped for correction by continuous-surface deformable mirrors (DM).…

Low-latency neutrino follow-up combining diverse IceCube selections
Christoph Raab (for the IceCube Collaboration), Sam Hori (for the IceCube Collaboration), Steve Sclafani (for the IceCube Collaboration), Jessie Thwaites (for the IceCube Collaboration)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08748

Low-latency neutrino follow-up combining diverse IceCube selections
Neutrino observations are crucial for multi-messenger astronomy, but currently limited by effective area and atmospheric background. However, while other telescopes must point their limited field of view, IceCube can perform full-sky realtime follow-up of astrophysical transient sources with high uptime. For this, IceCube uses its Fast Response Analysis (FRA), which can provide results from an unbinned maximum likelihood analysis within tens of minutes of an astrophysical transient. Besides man…

Meta-heuristic design of a light-weight homologous backup structure of the primary reflector for the Large Submillimeter Telescope
Chihiro Imamura, Yoichi Tamura, Hiroaki Kawamura, Toshiaki Kimura, Akio Taniguchi, Mikio Kurita
#toXiv_bot_toot

High-Contrast Coronagraphy
Matthew A. Kenworthy, Sebastiaan Y. Haffert
#toXiv_bot_toot

The Southern-sky MWA Rapid Two-metre (SMART) pulsar survey -- III. A census of millisecond pulsars at 154 MHz
C. P. Lee, N. D. R. Bhat, B. W. Meyers, S. J. McSweeney, W. van Straten, C. M. Tan, M. Xue, N. A. Swainston, S. M. Ord, G. Sleap, S. E. Tremblay, A. Williams
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10330

The Southern-sky MWA Rapid Two-metre (SMART) pulsar survey -- III. A census of millisecond pulsars at 154 MHz
Observations of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) at low radio frequencies play an important role in understanding the Galactic pulsar population and characterising both their emission properties and the effects of the ionised interstellar medium on the received signals. To date, only a relatively small fraction of the known MSP population has been detected at frequencies below 300 MHz, and nearly all previous MSP studies at these frequencies have been conducted with northern telescopes. We present a …

The New Architecture of the Online Observation Quality System for the ASTRI Mini-Array Project
N. Parmiggiani (for the ASTRI Project), A. Bulgarelli (for the ASTRI Project), L. Castaldini (for the ASTRI Project), V. Fioretti (for the ASTRI Project), I. Abu (for the ASTRI Project), M. Capalbi (for the ASTRI Project), O. Catalano (for the ASTRI Project), V. Conforti (for the ASTRI Project), M. Corpora (for the ASTRI Project), A. Di Piano (for the ASTRI Project), R. Falco (for the ASTRI P…

The New Architecture of the Online Observation Quality System for the ASTRI Mini-Array Project
The ASTRI Mini-Array is an international collaboration led by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics. The project aims to construct and operate an array of nine Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes to study gamma-ray sources at very high energy (TeV) and perform stellar intensity interferometry observations. We describe the updated Online Observation Quality System (OOQS) software architecture. The OOQS is one of the subsystems of the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA…

SN 2023ixf in M101: physical parameters from bolometric light curve modeling
J. Vinko, Zs. R. Bodola, A. Godeny, Sz. F. Csak, R. Konyves-Toth, A. P. Nagy, T. Szalai, D. Banhidi, I. B. Biro, A. Bodi, Zs. Bora, I. Csanyi, B. Cseh, T. Hegedus, A. Horti-David, A. P. Joo, Cs. Kalup, L. Kriskovics, E. Mochnacs, A. Pal, Zs. Regaly, B. Seli, A. Sodor, N. O. Szabo, R. Szakats, P. Szekely, V. Varga, K. Vida

SN 2023ixf in M101: physical parameters from bolometric light curve modeling
We present new photometric observations of the core-collapse supernova SN 2023ixf occurred in M101, taken with the RC80 and BRC80 robotic telescopes in Hungary. The initial nickel mass from the late-phase bolometric light curve extending up to 400 days after explosion, is inferred as $M_{\rm Ni} = 0.046 \pm 0.007$ M$_\odot$. The comparison of the bolometric light curve with models from hydrodynamical simulations as well as semi-analytic radiative diffusion codes reveals a relatively low-mass ej…

The making of robust and highly performing imaging spectropolarimeters for large solar telescopes
G. B. Scharmer, J. de la Cruz Rodr\'iguez, J. Leenaarts, B. Lindberg, P. S\"utterlin, T. Hillberg, C. Pietraszewski, A. G. de Wijn, M. Foster, J. Storey
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05143…

The making of robust and highly performing imaging spectropolarimeters for large solar telescopes
We discuss the requirements, concepts, simulations, implementation, and calibration of two dual Fabry-Perot based imaging spectropolarimeters, CRISP and CHROMIS, at the Swedish 1-meter Solar Telescope, and CRISP2 that is under construction. These instruments use a combination of a high-resolution and a low-resolution etalon together with an order-sorting prefilter to define the bandpass. The overall design is made robust and stable by tailoring the low-resolution etalon reflectivity to accommod…

Catalog of very-high-energy emitting active galactic nuclei at high Galactic latitudes
A. Neronov, D. Semikoz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.08497 https://

Catalog of very-high-energy emitting active galactic nuclei at high Galactic latitudes
Large number of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) producing Very-High-Energy (VHE) gamma-rays (energies above 100~GeV) has been revealed using observations with Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). However, our knowledge of the VHE emitting AGN population is limited in the absence of an unbiased sky survey. We use long exposure of Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) to perform a survey of VHE emitting AGN at Galactic latitudes |b|>10 degrees. We consider clustering of gamma-ray e…

Detection of Spaceborne Lasers with the Pierre Auger Observatory
Michael Unger (for the Pierre Auger Collaboration), Oliver Lux, Oliver Reitebuch
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04510

Detection of Spaceborne Lasers with the Pierre Auger Observatory
The detection of side-scattered ultraviolet light from spaceborne lasers with fluorescence telescopes of cosmic ray observatories offers unique opportunities for systematic studies of the aerosol content of the local atmosphere. It also enables the validation of the optical calibration of the telescopes. Additionally, these observations provide valuable ground-based monitoring of the performance of the scientific instruments aboard satellites used for Earth climate observation. Here, we report …

Electromagnetic signatures from pulsar remnants of binary neutron star mergers: prospects for unique identification using multi-wavelength signatures
Mainak Mukhopadhyay, Shigeo S. Kimura
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09157

Electromagnetic signatures from pulsar remnants of binary neutron star mergers: prospects for unique identification using multi-wavelength signatures
Binary neutron star (BNS) mergers can result in the formation of long-lived magnetar remnants which can enhance neutrino and electromagnetic (EM) emissions. In this work, we study the resulting multi-wavelength EM emissions and the prospects of their detectability in the current and upcoming EM telescopes. We model the pulsar-wind neubla system where the long-lived pulsar with dipolar magnetic fields of $10^{13} - 10^{15}$ G (magnetar) spins down and is surrounded by an outward expanding nebula…

Revisiting Two Decades of GRB Observations: Assessing Missed Very High-Energy Detections and Future Prospects
Halim Ashkar, Stephen Fegan, Aur\'elie Sangar\'e
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.07821

Revisiting Two Decades of GRB Observations: Assessing Missed Very High-Energy Detections and Future Prospects
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are bright flashes of electromagnetic radiation originating from the core collapse of massive stars or the merger of compact objects. It has long been theorized that GRBs can emit very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays that can reach the TeV level. Although current-generation Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), such as H.E.S.S., have been observing GRBs since 2002, the first detection of GRBs by IACTs occurred only 16 years later, in 2018, raising the question o…

Fluid dynamics of a liquid mirror space telescope
Israel Gabay, Omer Luria, Edward Balaban, Amir D. Gat, Moran Bercovici
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02812 h…

Fluid dynamics of a liquid mirror space telescope
Large aperture telescopes are pivotal for exploring the universe, yet even with state-of-the-art manufacturing and launch technology, their size is limited to several meters. As we aim to build larger telescopes - extending tens of meters - designs in which the main mirror is based on liquid deployment in space are emerging as promising candidates. However, alongside their enormous potential advantages, liquid-based surfaces present new challenges in material science, mechanics, and fluid dynam…

Using gravitational waves and multi-messenger Astronomy to reverse-engineer the properties of galactic nuclei
K. E. Saavik Ford, Barry McKernan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.08801

Using gravitational waves and multi-messenger Astronomy to reverse-engineer the properties of galactic nuclei
Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are powered by accretion disks onto supermassive black holes in the the centers of galaxies. AGN are believed to play important roles in the evolution of both supermassive black holes and their host galaxies over cosmic time. AGN and the nuclear star clusters (NSCs) that interact with them remain unresolved with present and planned telescopes. As a result, the properties of AGN and NSCs are highly uncertain. Here we review how binary black hole (BBH) mergers can occ…

Daytime Photometry of Starlink Satellites with the Huntsman Telescope Pathfinder
Sarah E. Caddy, Lee R. Spitler
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11382 https://…

Daytime Photometry of Starlink Satellites with the Huntsman Telescope Pathfinder
The rapid increase in satellite launches in recent years, and the pressure of launches planned into the next decade, demands an improvement in the efficiency of space domain awareness facilities. Optical facilities form an important component of global space domain awareness capabilities, however traditional optical telescopes are restricted to observing satellites during a small twilight window. In this work we explore expanding this operational period to encompass the entire day to dramatical…

Insights from a 30-Year international Partnership on Astronomical Archives
David R. Rodriguez, Maria Arevalo, Patrick Dowler, Javier Espinosa, Brian McLean, Chris Willott
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11888

Insights from a 30-Year international Partnership on Astronomical Archives
In an era where astronomical data is expanding at an unprecedented rate, the importance of data sharing and accessibility among astronomy archives cannot be overstated. Since the 1990s, an international partnership between the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), the European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), and the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre (CADC) has been focused on this endeavor, facilitating the exchange of data from the Hubble and James Webb Space Telescopes. We will present how…

A co-deployed dust-logging instrument for the IceCube Upgrade and IceCube-Gen2
Anna Eimer (for the IceCube Collaboration), Martin Rongen (for the IceCube Collaboration)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08430

A co-deployed dust-logging instrument for the IceCube Upgrade and IceCube-Gen2
A precise understanding of the optical properties of the instrumented Antarctic ice sheet is crucial to the performance of optical Cherenkov telescopes such as the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and its planned successor, IceCube-Gen2. One complication arising from the large envisioned footprint of IceCube-Gen2 is the larger impact of the so-called ice tilt. It describes the undulation of ice layers of constant optical properties within the detector. In this contribution, we will describe the pro…

Performance and extensions of the central data acquisition system for Phase II of the Pierre Auger Observatory
Paul Filip (for the Pierre Auger Collaboration)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08747

Performance and extensions of the central data acquisition system for Phase II of the Pierre Auger Observatory
The Pierre Auger Observatory is a hybrid detector designed to observe and study ultra-high-energy particles of extraterrestrial origin. With its 27 fluorescence telescopes and over 1600 autonomously operating water-Cherenkov detectors spread over an area of 3000 km$^2$, it is world-leading in terms of exposure to cosmic rays and offers an unparalleled window into the physical processes that happen at energy scales unattainable by particle accelerators on Earth. Measurement information of candid…