Tootfinder

Time-bin encoded quantum key distribution over 120 km with a telecom quantum dot source
Jipeng Wang, Joscha Hanel, Zenghui Jiang, Raphael Joos, Michael Jetter, Eddy Patrick Rugeramigabo, Simone Luca Portalupi, Peter Michler, Xiao-Yu Cao, Hua-Lei Yin, Shan Lei, Jingzhong Yang, Michael Zopf, Fei Ding
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.155…

Time-bin encoded quantum key distribution over 120 km with a telecom quantum dot source
Quantum key distribution (QKD) with deterministic single photon sources has been demonstrated over intercity fiber and free-space channels. The previous implementations relied mainly on polarization encoding schemes, which are susceptible to birefringence, polarization-mode dispersion and polarization-dependent loss in practical fiber networks. In contrast, time-bin encoding offers inherent robustness and has been widely adopted in mature QKD systems using weak coherent laser pulses. However, i…

Polarization switching on the open surfaces of the wurtzite ferroelectric nitrides: ferroelectric subsystems and electrochemical reactivity
Yongtao Liu, Anton V. Ievlev, Eugene A. Eliseev, Nana Sun, Kazuki Okamoto, Hiroshi Funakubo, Anna N. Morozovska, Sergei Kalinin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14452

Polarization switching on the open surfaces of the wurtzite ferroelectric nitrides: ferroelectric subsystems and electrochemical reactivity
Binary ferroelectric nitrides are promising materials for information technologies and power electronics. However, polarization switching in these materials is highly unusual. From the structural perspective, polarization reversal is associated with the change of the effective polarity at the surfaces and interfaces from N-to-M terminated, suggesting strong coupling between ferroelectric and chemical phenomena. Phenomenologically, macroscopic studies demonstrate the presence of complex time dep…

Signature of current-induced nuclear spin polarization in (Bi$_{1-x}$Sb$_{x}$)$_2$Te$_3$
Sofie K\"olling, \.Inan\c{c} Adagideli, Alexander Brinkman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14481

Signature of current-induced nuclear spin polarization in (Bi$_{1-x}$Sb$_{x}$)$_2$Te$_3$
In systems with spin-momentum locking, such as the surface states of three-dimensional topological insulators, a charge current is spin-polarized and spin-flip interactions between electron and nuclear spins can transfer this polarization to the nuclear spin system. When a nonzero bias voltage is applied, the nuclear polarization reaches a steady-state value. This polarization emerges as an effective in-plane magnetic field acting on electrons, called the Overhauser field, which causes an offse…

Polarization Studies of Black Widows PSRs B1957 20, J2055 3829 and J1544 4937
S. Q. Wang, N. Wang, S. Dai, G. Hobbs, R. Luo, J. B. Wang, A. Zic
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12272

Polarization Studies of Black Widows PSRs B1957+20, J2055+3829 and J1544+4937
We present an analysis of the polarization of three black widow pulsars, PSRs B1957+20, J2055+3829 and J1544+4937 at 1250\,MHz using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). Radio eclipses for PSRs B1957+20 and J2055+3829 are detected, while the radio emission for J1544+4937 is detected throughout the eclipse. We study the polarization and dispersion measure properties of the pulsars near and during the eclipse. The position angle of the linear polarization is observed …

Last-Pair Swapping Polar Codes: A Structure to Improve Polarization on Channels with Memory
Yinuo Mei, Yangyong Zhang, Daiming Qu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11535

Last-Pair Swapping Polar Codes: A Structure to Improve Polarization on Channels with Memory
A new structure of polar codes is proposed for channels with memory to improve polarization and approach the polarization efficiency of conventional polar codes on memoryless channels. We classify trellis channels, a particular type of finite state channels into two categories, called sub-injective trellis channels and non-sub-injective trellis channels, where an explicit polarization loss is observed on the former. For sub-injective trellis channels, we substitute the last kernel of each layer…

Social polarization promoted by sparse higher-order interactions
Hugo P\'erez-Mart\'inez, Santiago Lamata-Ot\'in, Federico Malizia, Luis Mario Flor\'ia, Jes\'us G\'omez-Garde\~nes, David Soriano-Pa\~nos
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12325

Social polarization promoted by sparse higher-order interactions
Many social interactions are group-based, yet their role in social polarization remains largely unexplored. To bridge this gap here we introduce a higher-order framework that takes into account both group interactions and homophily. We find that group interactions can strongly enhance polarization in sparse systems by limiting agents' exposure to dissenting views. Conversely, they can suppress polarization in fully connected societies, an effect that intensifies as the group size increases. Our…

Next at the #SolarEclipse Conference Nick James talked about new (and finally amateur-affordable) polarization-sensitive cameras in which each pixel comes with a polarizer: since it's a while til the next solar eclipse he demonstrated it with the #Moon where the #polarization of the maria is higher than of the highlands, matching expectations. 2/n

Exploiting scattering-based point spread functions for snapshot 5D and modality-switchable lensless imaging
Ze Zheng, Baolei Liu, Jiaqi Song, Muchen Zhu, Yao Wang, Menghan Tian, Ying Xiong, Zhaohua Yang, Xiaolan Zhong, David McGloin, Fan Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.13813

Exploiting scattering-based point spread functions for snapshot 5D and modality-switchable lensless imaging
Snapshot multi-dimensional imaging offers a promising alternative to traditional low-dimensional imaging techniques by enabling the simultaneous capture of spatial, spectral, polarization, and other information in a single shot for improved imaging speed and acquisition efficiency. However, existing snapshot multi-dimensional imaging systems are often hindered by their large size, complexity, and high cost, which constrain their practical applicability. In this work, we propose a compact lensle…

Elite Polarization in European Parliamentary Speeches: a Novel Measurement Approach Using Large Language Models
Gennadii Iakovlev
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06658

Elite Polarization in European Parliamentary Speeches: a Novel Measurement Approach Using Large Language Models
This project introduces a new measure of elite polarization via actor and subject detection using artificial intelligence. I identify when politicians mention one another in parliamentary speeches, note who is speaking and who is being addressed, and assess the emotional temperature behind these evaluations. This maps how elites evaluate their various out-parties, allowing us to create an index of mutual out-party hostility, that is, elite polarization. While I analyzed polarization data over t…

Banding and polarization in driven multistable materials
Sheng Huang, Daniel Hexner
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12895 https://arxiv.or…

Banding and polarization in driven multistable materials
We study a disordered network of bistable bonds subjected to periodic strain. The model is inspired by experiments on crumpled sheets and it features behaviors associated with glasses, including a complex energy landscape, memories, and large avalanches. At small strain amplitudes, the system quickly converges to a limit cycle where the system repeatedly cycles between a set of states. At large amplitudes, motion is erratic and does not converge to a limit cycle. The transition appears to be co…

Successive Phase Transitions in the Quasi-Kagome Lattice System URhSn Studied by Resonant X-ray Scattering
Chihiro Tabata, Fusako Kon, Ruo Hibino, Yusei Shimizu, Hiroshi Amitsuka, Koji Kaneko, Yoshiya Homma, Dai Aoki, Hironori Nakao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15394

Successive Phase Transitions in the Quasi-Kagome Lattice System URhSn Studied by Resonant X-ray Scattering
Successive phase transitions in the quasi-kagome compound URhSn were investigated by resonant X-ray scattering (RXS) at the uranium $M_4$ edge. In the high-temperature phase between 16 K and 54 K, an additional RXS signal was detected superposed onto fundamental reflections in both $π$-$σ'$ and $π$-$π'$ polarization channels. Upon cooling below 16 K, reported as a ferromagnetic phase along $c$, substantial enhancements were observed again in the both polarization channels at the 300 reflect…

A New cw-NMR Q-meter for Dynamically Polarized Targets for Particle Physics
J. D. Maxwell, J. Brock, C. Cuevas, H. Dong, C. D. Keith, J. J. Pierce
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14637

A New cw-NMR Q-meter for Dynamically Polarized Targets for Particle Physics
Polarized solid targets produced via Dynamic Nuclear Polarization rely on Continuous-Wave Nuclear Magnetism Resonance measurements to accurately determine the degree of polarization of bulk samples polarized to nearly 100%. Since the late 1970's phase sensitive detection methods have been utilized to observe the magnetization of a sample as a small change in inductance under RF excitation near the Larmor frequency of the nuclear species of interest, using a device known as a Q-meter. Liverpool …

B-fields And dust in interstelLar fiLAments using Dust POLarization (BALLAD-POL): IV. Grain alignment mechanisms in Cocoon Nebula (IC 5146) using polarization observations from JCMT/POL-2
Saikhom Pravash, Thiem Hoang, Archana Soam, Eun Jung Chung, Pham Ngoc Diep, Nguyen Bich Ngoc, Le Ngoc Tram
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07205

B-fields And dust in interstelLar fiLAments using Dust POLarization (BALLAD-POL): IV. Grain alignment mechanisms in Cocoon Nebula (IC 5146) using polarization observations from JCMT/POL-2
The polarization of starlight and thermal dust emission from aligned non-spherical grains provides a powerful tool for tracing magnetic field morphologies and strengths in diffuse interstellar medium to star-forming regions, and constraining dust grain properties and their alignment mechanisms. However, the physics of grain alignment is not yet fully understood. The alignment based on RAdiative Torques (RATs), known as RAT Alignment or RAT-A mechanism is the most acceptable mechanism. In this w…

First images of Antares photosphere from spectropolarimetry
Quentin Pilate, Eric Josselin, Agn\`es L\`ebre, Arturo L\'opez Ariste, Philippe Mathias, Alexis Lavail
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08614

First images of Antares photosphere from spectropolarimetry
Antares is the closest red supergiant (RSG) to Earth. The discovery of linear polarization in the atomic lines of the star opens the path to produce direct images of the photosphere, hence probing the dynamics at the surface. We analyze this linear polarization signals following the same scheme as has been previously done for the RSG Betelgeuse, and find that they are comparable in all its details. This allows us to use the same models for the analysis of these polarization signals in both star…

Electron polarization induced by electroweak interaction in high-energy scattering off light nuclei
Minh Truong Vo, Vu Dong Tran, Quang Hung Nguyen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.10633

Electron polarization induced by electroweak interaction in high-energy scattering off light nuclei
Electron polarization plays a significant role in studies on nuclear scattering. Nevertheless, the development of a comprehensive approach to such a problem remains challenging, particularly at the relativistic electron-energy scale. Herein, we present a theoretical approach to investigate the impact of electron polarization in scattering off unoriented light nuclei, based on the multipole expansion for the scattering cross section at high energies. Numerical calculations for stable $^{6,7}$Li …

Spin Polarization driven by Itinerant Orbital Angular Momentum in van der Waals Heterostructures
Luis M. Canonico, Jose H. Garc\'ia, Aron W. Cummings, Stephan Roche
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12587

Spin Polarization driven by Itinerant Orbital Angular Momentum in van der Waals Heterostructures
We report on the possibility of manipulating magnetic materials by using itinerant orbital angular momentum to produce out-of-plane spin polarization in van der Waals heterostructures. Employing a real-space formulation of the OAM operator within linear response theory, we demonstrate that in low-symmetry transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers, such as 1$T{}_d$-MoTe2, the current-induced itinerant OAM exceeds the spin response by three orders of magnitude. When TMDs are coupled with f…

A Flexible Measure of Voter Polarization
Boris Ginzburg
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07770 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.07770

A Flexible Measure of Voter Polarization
This paper introduces a definition of ideological polarization of an electorate around a particular central point. By being flexible about the location or width of the center, this measure enables the researcher to analyze polarization around any point of interest. The paper then applies this approach to US voter survey data between 2004 and 2020, showing how polarization between right-of-center voters and the rest of the electorate was increasing gradually, while polarization between left-wing…

Mitigating Polarization Leakage in Gas Pixel Detectors through Hybrid Machine Learning and Analytic Event Reconstruction
Nicol\'o Cibrario, Michela Negro, Raffaella Bonino, Nikita Moriakov, Luca Baldini, Niccol\'o Di Lalla, Alessandro Di Marco, Sergio Fabiani, Andrea Frass\'a, Alessio Gorgi, Fabio La Monaca, Luca Latronico, Simone Maldera, Alberto Manfreda, Fabio Muleri, Nicola Omodei, John Rankin, Carmelo Sgr\'o, Stefano Silvestri, Paolo Soffitta, Stefano Tugliani

Mitigating Polarization Leakage in Gas Pixel Detectors through Hybrid Machine Learning and Analytic Event Reconstruction
Spatially resolved polarization measurements of extended X-ray sources are expanding our understanding of the emission mechanisms and magnetic field properties involved. Such measurements have been possible in the past few years thanks to the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). However, the analysis of extended sources suffers a systematic effect known as polarization leakage, which artificially affects the measured polarization signal. To address this issue, we built a hybrid reconstruc…

«So we can see that opposing fascism will require a solidary with hundreds of different sides against the sole murderous one. Perhaps that one murderous side will experience this solidarity as "polarization," but we don't need to agree with them about that, or "agree to disagree" about it. In fact, it is our moral imperative to disagree with them about that.»
https://www.the-reframe.com/be-bolder-not-a-boulder/

Gravitational Photon Polarization Twist to Probe the Early Universe and the Galactic Center
Rodolfo Capdevilla
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05347 https://

Gravitational Photon Polarization Twist to Probe the Early Universe and the Galactic Center
It is known that gravitational wave backgrounds (GWBs) change the polarization state of photons. This letter explores the possibility of using this effect to detect GWBs. The proposed experiment features a vertically polarized laser pulse traveling through a GWB before reaching a birefringent material which separates photons by polarization. Photons that emerge the birefringent material horizontally polarized are counted as signal photons. A space-based setup of a million km (comparable to the …

Polarization properties of photon Bose-Einstein condensates
Sven Enns, Julian Schulz, Kirankumar Karkihalli Umesh, Frank Vewinger, Georg von Freymann
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.06141

Polarization properties of photon Bose-Einstein condensates
The first experimental realization of a photon Bose-Einstein condensate was demonstrated more than a decade ago. However, the polarization of the condensate has not been fully understood and measured in this weakly driven-dissipative system. In this letter, we experimentally investigate the polarization of thermal and condensed light depending on the power and polarization of the pump beam. With full control over the polarization of the pump, it is possible to create arbitrary states on the sur…

A Spintronic Battery with Reversible Modulation of Spin Polarization through Li Charge/Discharge: A First Principles Computational Modelling Case Study for an Antiperovskite System
Sk Mujaffer Hossain, Vinila Bedekara, Priyanka Yadavb, Ram Janay Chudhary, Satishchandra Ogale
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14401

A Spintronic Battery with Reversible Modulation of Spin Polarization through Li Charge/Discharge: A First Principles Computational Modelling Case Study for an Antiperovskite System
A key notion defining the progress of the emergent fields of modern electronics, renewable energy, and smart systems is charge storage, which is primarily embodied in various battery chemistries and systems. In addition to the charge property, the electron also has the spin property, which is exploited in the field of spintronics to access novel magnetically controlled device actions that are not accessible to conventional electronics. An interesting question is whether the two can be fruitfull…

Polarization dynamics in vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers
Thorsten Ackemann, Markus Sondermann
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08672 https://

Polarization dynamics in vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers
Experiments and their interpretation on polarization dynamics and polarization switching in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers operated in the fundamental transverse mode regime are reviewed. Important observations are switching events to a mode with the lower unsaturated gain and the existence of elliptically polarized dynamical transition states after the destabilization of the low-frequency polarization mode. The observations demonstrate the need to consider explicitly the phase propert…

The Mineralogical Connection Between M- and K-type Asteroids as Indicated by Polarimetry
Joseph R. Masiero, Yuna G. Kwon, Elena Selmi, Manaswi Kondapally
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14210

The Mineralogical Connection Between M- and K-type Asteroids as Indicated by Polarimetry
Polarimetry has the capacity to provide a unique probe of the surface properties of asteroids. Trends in polarization behavior as a function of wavelength trace asteroid regolith mineral properties that are difficult to probe without measurements in situ or on returned samples. We present recent results from our ongoing survey of near-infrared polarimetric properties of asteroids. Our data reveal a mineralogical link between asteroids in the broader M- and K- spectral classes. In particular, M-…

Towards Weight Distribution-Aware Polar Codes
Mohammad Rowshan, Vlad-Florin Dragoi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15467 https://arxiv.org…

Towards Weight Distribution-Aware Polar Codes
Polar codes are constructed based on the reliability of sub-channels resulting from the polarization effect. However, this information-theoretic construction approach leads to a poor weight distribution. To address this issue, pre-transformed polar codes, such as CRC-polar codes and PAC codes, have been employed. In this paper, we focus on the structure of polar codes without applying any pre-transformations and explore methods, guided by the weight-contribution partial order, to design polar-l…

The stability of bi-polarization on dynamical directed graphs: an emergent game perspective
Yakun Wang, Yuan Liu, Bin Wu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08449 h…

The stability of bi-polarization on dynamical directed graphs: an emergent game perspective
This paper proposes a co-evolutionary model of directed graphs and three opinions, i.e., conservative$(+)$, neutral$(\odot)$ and liberal$(-)$. Agents update both opinions and social relationships with bias. We find that an emergent game suffices to predict the stability of bi-polarization under a rare opinion updating limit and a large system size limit. The bi-polarization is stable if and only if the emergent game has an internal Nash equilibrium. The necessary and sufficient condition is exp…

X-ray linear polarization prediction in Black-Hole binaries and Active Galactic Nuclei and its measurements by IXPE
Lev Titarchuk, Paolo Soffitta, Elena Seifina, Fabio Muleri, Romana Mikusincova
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09571

X-ray linear polarization prediction in Black-Hole binaries and Active Galactic Nuclei and its measurements by IXPE
We present a theoretical framework for the formation of X-ray linear polarization in black hole (BH) source. The X-ray linear polarization originates from up-scatterings of initially soft photons within a hot, optically thick Compton cloud (CC) characterized by a flat geometry. The IXPE observations of several BHs X-ray binaries and of one Seyfert-1 galaxy confirm our theoretical prediction regarding values of the linear polarization P. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate that the main phy…

Compton amplitude and Contact term(s) in the Spinor Helicity formalism
Aakash Kumar, Arnab Rudra, Rahul Shaw
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12431 https://

Compton amplitude and Contact term(s) in the Spinor Helicity formalism
In gauge theories, contact terms play an important role in ensuring gauge invariance. In the spinor helicity formalism, the choice of a gauge-fixing condition manifests itself in the form of the choice of reference vector to write the massless polarization vector(s). However, this choice must be irrelevant in any gauge-invariant observable. We use this principle to determine contact term for Electromagnetic Compton amplitude. We considered three-point function between two massive particles \& a…

X-Ray Polarization of the Magnetar 1E 1841−045 / IXPE Detection of Highly Polarized X-Rays from the Magnetar 1E 1841-045: #Magnetar Outburst: https://www.nasa.gov/missions/ixpe/nasas-ixpe-obtains-first-x-ray-polarization-measurement-of-magnetar-outburst/

Bright ring features and polarization structures in Kerr-Sen black hole images illuminated by radiatively inefficient accretion flows
Hao Yin, Songbai Chen, Jiliang Jing
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03857

Bright ring features and polarization structures in Kerr-Sen black hole images illuminated by radiatively inefficient accretion flows
We have investigated the bright ring-like features and polarization structures in the Kerr-Sen black hole's images based on general relativistic radiative transfer (GRRT) simulations, which are illuminated by the 230 GHz thermal synchrotron emission from the radiatively inefficient accretion flows (RIAF). Using the REx method, we extracted the bright ring from the black hole images and found that both the bright ring and black hole shadow shrink as the dilation parameter increases. Combing wi…

Passing the Turing Test in Political Discourse: Fine-Tuning LLMs to Mimic Polarized Social Media Comments
. Pazzaglia, V. Vendetti, L. D. Comencini, F. Deriu, V. Modugno
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14645

Passing the Turing Test in Political Discourse: Fine-Tuning LLMs to Mimic Polarized Social Media Comments
The increasing sophistication of large language models (LLMs) has sparked growing concerns regarding their potential role in exacerbating ideological polarization through the automated generation of persuasive and biased content. This study explores the extent to which fine-tuned LLMs can replicate and amplify polarizing discourse within online environments. Using a curated dataset of politically charged discussions extracted from Reddit, we fine-tune an open-source LLM to produce context-aware…

Politics and polarization on Bluesky
Ali Salloum, Dorian Quelle, Letizia Iannucci, Alexandre Bovet, Mikko Kivel\"a
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03443 ht…

Politics and polarization on Bluesky
Online political discourse is increasingly shaped not by a few dominant platforms but by a fragmented ecosystem of social media spaces, each with its own user base, target audience, and algorithmic mediation of discussion. Such fragmentation may fundamentally change how polarization manifests online. In this study, we investigate the characteristics of political discourse and polarization on the emerging social media site Bluesky. We collect all activity on the platform between December 2024 an…

Enantioselective radical reactions can be induced by electron spin polarization: A quantum mechanism for Nature's emergent homochirality?
Thomas P Fay
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08287

Enantioselective radical reactions can be induced by electron spin polarization: A quantum mechanism for Nature's emergent homochirality?
Biomolecules that constitute life on Earth are chiral, but the precise mechanism by which homochirality emerged remains a mystery. In this work it is demonstrated that reactions of radical pairs, where one of the radical electron spins is polarised, can be enantioselective. This phenomenon arises from transient coherent quantum dynamics of the radical pair electron spins, which is known to occur even in warm and noisy condensed phase environments, where energetic perturbations much smaller than…

A Model-Free Detection Method for Internal Short Circuits in Single Lithium-ion Cells Using Pseudo Open-Circuit Voltage Difference
Yangyang Xu, Chenglin Liao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13394

A Model-Free Detection Method for Internal Short Circuits in Single Lithium-ion Cells Using Pseudo Open-Circuit Voltage Difference
This letter proposes a lightweight, model-free online diagnostic framework for detecting internal short circuits (ISC) in single lithium-ion cells under dynamic operating conditions. The core of the method lies in computing the first-order difference of pseudo open-circuit voltage ($\boldsymbol{\mathrm{OCV}_{\text{pseudo}}}$) to extract high-frequency deviations caused by ISC events from low-frequency polarization variations. The method relies solely on terminal voltage, current measurements, a…

Integrated Polarimetric Sensing and Communication with Polarization-Reconfigurable Arrays
Byunghyun Lee, Rang Liu, David J. Love, James V. Krogmeier, A. Lee Swindlehurst
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.23410

Integrated Polarimetric Sensing and Communication with Polarization-Reconfigurable Arrays
Polarization diversity offers a cost- and space-efficient solution to enhance the performance of integrated sensing and communication systems. Polarimetric sensing exploits the signal's polarity to extract details about the target such as shape, pose, and material composition. From a communication perspective, polarization diversity can enhance the reliability and throughput of communication channels. This paper proposes an integrated polarimetric sensing and communication (IPSAC) system that j…

“We’re in a moment when the moral forces of the world and religious forces of the world have a deep responsibility to say it doesn’t have to be this way.”
—The Divinity School's William Barber in today's NY Times speaking about the wars, polarization, inequality, disinformation, and other challenges #PopeLeo must contend with as he begins his papacy

For Catholics, the Pope Is a Holy Father. For the World, He Is a Powerful Voice
The papacy is a global platform, so the issues Pope Leo chooses to focus on can resonate far beyond the church.

A curvilinear framework for vector light fields
Leonardo S. Gonzalez-Aceves, Gabriela Flores-Cova, Blas M. Rodr\'iguez-Lara, Raul I. Hernandez-Aranda, Alfonso Jaimes-Najera, Carmelo Rosales-Guzman, Benjamin Perez-Garcia
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11407

A curvilinear framework for vector light fields
Vector beams are often regarded as non-separable superpositions of spatial and polarization degrees of freedom that satisfy the wave equation. This interpretation ties their polarization structure to their spatial shape. Here, we introduce a generalized method to construct vector beams whose structure is entirely encoded in the polarization degree of freedom. Using conformal maps, we construct orthonormal polarization bases from the geometry of the coordinates and encode them experimentally via…

Bias and Identifiability in the Bounded Confidence Model
Claudio Borile, Jacopo Lenti, Valentina Ghidini, Corrado Monti, Gianmarco De Francisci Morales
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11751

Bias and Identifiability in the Bounded Confidence Model
Opinion dynamics models such as the bounded confidence models (BCMs) describe how a population can reach consensus, fragmentation, or polarization, depending on a few parameters. Connecting such models to real-world data could help understanding such phenomena, testing model assumptions. To this end, estimation of model parameters is a key aspect, and maximum likelihood estimation provides a principled way to tackle it. Here, our goal is to outline the properties of statistical estimators of th…

Robust Spin Polarization by Adiabatic Dynamical Decoupling
Soham Pal, Oliver T. Whaites, Wolfgang Knolle, Tania S. Monteiro, Helena S. Knowles
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.08571

Robust Spin Polarization by Adiabatic Dynamical Decoupling
High-fidelity multi-qubit initialization is vital for quantum simulation, quantum information processing (QIP), and quantum sensing. In diamond platforms, nuclear spin registers can be initialized through polarization transfer from a nearby electronic spin whose high gyromagnetic ratio enables efficient dynamical nuclear polarization (DNP). These hybrid systems are typically controlled using diabatic spin rotations, which require precise knowledge of all system parameters. Adiabatic DNP protoco…

A supramolecular ferroelectric with two sublattices and polarization dependent conductivity
H. Mager, M. Litterst, Sophia Klubertz, S. V. Haridas, O. Shyshov, M. von Delius, M. Kemerink
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11309

A supramolecular ferroelectric with two sublattices and polarization dependent conductivity
The possibility to combine and finetune properties of functional molecular materials by chemical design is particularly relevant for organic ferroelectrics. In this work, we investigate a class of organic molecular materials that show long-range supramolecular organization into fibrillar bundles. In solid state, the material shows ferroelectric behavior resulting from two largely independent dipolar moieties that show up as two separate coercive fields in polarization-hysteresis and capacitance…

The polarization of strongly lensed point-like radio sources
Xinzhong Er
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05772 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.…

The polarization of strongly lensed point-like radio sources
Aims. The magnetized medium induces birefringence, splitting the light into two distinct wave modes. The differing propagation speeds of the two modes result in different trajectories. Strong gravitational lensing amplifies the birefringence and introduces an additional geometric rotation on top of the Faraday rotation. We compare the geometric rotation with the Faraday rotation. Methods. We construct the lens equation for massive objects in a magnetized plasma environment, and calculate the ti…

Interstellar Polarization Survey. V. Galactic magnetic field tomography in the spiral arms using optical and near-infrared starlight polarization
Y. Angarita (Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Department of Space, Earth & Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 93 Gothenburg, Sweden), M. J. F. Versteeg (Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands), M. Haverkorn (Department of Astrophysics…

Interstellar Polarization Survey. V. Galactic magnetic field tomography in the spiral arms using optical and near-infrared starlight polarization
Interstellar linear polarization occurs when starlight passes through elongated dust grains aligned by interstellar magnetic fields. The observed polarization can come from different dust structures along the line of sight (LOS). By combining polarization measurements with stellar distances, we can study the plane-of-sky Galactic magnetic field (GMF) between the observer and the star and separate the contributions of clouds with different GMF properties. We used optical and near-infrared (NIR) …

X-ray Polarization Detection of the Pulsar Wind Nebula in G21.5-0.9 with IXPE
Niccol\`o Di Lalla, Nicola Omodei, Niccol\`o Bucciantini, Jack T. Dinsmore, Nicol\`o Cibrario, Stefano Silvestri, Josephine Wong, Patrick Slane, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Michela Negro, Roger W. Romani, Riccardo Ferrazzoli, Stephen Chi-Yung Ng, Miltiadis Michailidis, Yi-Jung Yang, Fei Xie, Martin C. Weisskopf, Philip Kaaret, Iv\'an Agudo, L. A. Antonelli, Matteo Bachetti, Luca Baldini, Wayne H. Baumgartner, Ronal…

X-ray Polarization Detection of the Pulsar Wind Nebula in G21.5-0.9 with IXPE
We present the X-ray polarization observation of G21.5-0.9, a young Galactic supernova remnant (SNR), conducted with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) in October 2023, with a total livetime of approximately 837 ks. Using different analysis methods, such as a space-integrated study of the entire region of the PWN and a space-resolved polarization map, we detect significant polarization from the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) at the center of the SNR, with an average polarization degree of …

Social and Political Framing in Search Engine Results
Amrit Poudel, Tim Weninger
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.13325 https://arxiv.org/p…

Social and Political Framing in Search Engine Results
Search engines play a crucial role in shaping public discourse by influencing how information is accessed and framed. While prior research has extensively examined various dimensions of search bias -- such as content prioritization, indexical bias, political polarization, and sources of bias -- an important question remains underexplored: how do search engines and ideologically-motivated user queries contribute to bias in search results. This study analyzes the outputs of major search engines u…

A Simple and Novel Passive Double-Sensitivity Optical Gyroscope Based on Non-Reciprocal Polarization Techniques
Onder Akcaalan, Melike Gumus Akcaalan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03498

A Simple and Novel Passive Double-Sensitivity Optical Gyroscope Based on Non-Reciprocal Polarization Techniques
This paper presents a novel interferometric fiber optic gyroscope (IFOG) architecture, the Double-Sensitive Non-Reciprocal Polarization Phase Shifter IFOG (DS-NRPPS-IFOG), which introduces for the first time a fully passive phase biasing scheme capable of simultaneous operation at two quadrature points $π/2$ and $3π/2$. Building upon prior passive biasing techniques, this design uses a Non-Reciprocal Polarization-Dependent Phase Shifter (NRPPS) combined with a double-pass sensing coil arrange…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.07352 has been replaced.
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Polarization Measurements as a Probe of Axion-Photon Coupling: a Study of GRB 221009A
Axion Like Particles (ALPs) can be produced in Gamma Ray Bursts, altering the polarization of the electromagnetic emission in these events. For the first time, we derive bounds on the axion-photon coupling from polarization measurements of GRB 221009A, performing a full calculation of the Stokes parameters, as it is typically done in the astrophysics community. Within astrophysical uncertainties, our limits on the axion-photon coupling are competitive with complementary probes in the axion mass…

Operators of Dirac's theory with mass and axial chemical potential
Ion I. Cotaescu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12748 https://arxiv…

Operators of Dirac's theory with mass and axial chemical potential
The Dirac equation with mass and axial chemical potential is solved analytically obtaining the mode spinors and corresponding projection operators giving the spectral representations of the principal conserved operators. In this framework, the odd partner of the Pryce spin operator is defined for the first time showing how these operators may be combined for defining the particle and antiparticle spin and polarization operators of Dirac's theory of massive fermions either in the free case or in…

Impact of Polarization Distinguishability on Coherence in QIUP
Gaytri Arya, Paolo Bianchini, Alberto Diaspro
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06879 https://

Impact of Polarization Distinguishability on Coherence in QIUP
Quantum imaging with undetected photons (QIUP) is a promising technique for non-invasive imaging, particularly at wavelengths where detectors are inefficient or unavailable. Recent studies have investigated the role of polarization in QIUP schemes. In this work, we examine whether post-generation optical elements can recover interference when the signal photons are distinguishable in polarization at the source. Specifically, we employ a Mach-Zehnder interferometer after the photon pairs are gen…

A Measurement of the Largest-scale #CMB E-mode Polarization with CLASS: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/adc723 -> Small telescopes in Chile are first on Earth to cut through the cosmic noise, peering back more than 13 billion years to the universe's first light: https://hub.jhu.edu/2025/06/11/telescopes-look-at-cosmic-dawn/

Magnetic field in the Lobes of the Seyfert Galaxy NGC3516: Suggestions of a Helical field
Salmoli Ghosh (NCRA-TIFR), P. Kharb (NCRA-TIFR), E. Sajjanhar (Ashoka University), A. Pasetto (IRyA-UNAM), B. Sebastian (STScI)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11854

Magnetic field in the Lobes of the Seyfert Galaxy NGC3516: Suggestions of a Helical field
We present polarization images from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) and the Giant {Metrewave} Radio Telescope (GMRT) at 5.5, 10 GHz and 663 MHz of the changing-look (CL) AGN, NGC3516. A transverse gradient in the rotation measure (RM) is detected in the northern and southern kpc-scale lobes. Such gradients have typically been suggested to be signatures of a helical magnetic (B-) field. We detect circular polarization in the core and inner jet-knot of this source which is known to host…

Simulation of pulsed dynamic nuclear polarization in the steady state
Shebha Anandhi Jegadeesan, Yujie Zhao, Graham M. Smith, Ilya Kuprov, Guinevere Mathies
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.24444

Simulation of pulsed dynamic nuclear polarization in the steady state
In pulsed dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), enhancement of the polarization of bulk nuclei requires the repeated application of a microwave pulse sequence. So far, analysis of a one-time transfer of electron spin polarization to a dipolar-coupled nuclear spin has guided the design of DNP pulse sequences. This has obvious shortcomings, such as an inability to predict the optimal repetition time. In an actual pulsed DNP experiment, a balance is reached between the polarization arriving from the…

Type III Valley Polarization and Anomalous Valley Hall Effect in Two-Dimensional Non-Janus and Janus Altermagnet Fe2WS2Se2
Yanchao She, Yiding Wang, Hanbo Sun, Chao Wu, Weixi Zhang, Ping Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09675

Type III Valley Polarization and Anomalous Valley Hall Effect in Two-Dimensional Non-Janus and Janus Altermagnet Fe2WS2Se2
Exploiting the valley degree of freedom introduces a novel paradigm for advancing quantum information technology. Currently, the investigation on spontaneous valley polarization mainly focuses on two major types of systems. One type magnetic systems by breaking the time-reversal symmetry, the other is ferroelectric materials through breaking the inversion symmetry. Might there be additional scenarios? Here, we propose to realize spontaneous valley polarization by breaking the mirror symmetry in…

Multi-polarization during the 9th European Parliament
Sebastiao Rosalino, Ant\'onio Curado, Fl\'avio L. Pinheiro
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03214 h…

Multi-polarization during the 9th European Parliament
Brexit, a global pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, and record inflation - few legislative bodies have faced such a cascade of shocks as the European Parliament did during its 9th term (2019-2024). Using the Bipartite Configuration Model and a set of network statistics, this research explores how multi-polarization was characterized during this term by constructing and analyzing co-voting networks across all legislative subjects and within specific legislative subjects. The results cont…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.20760 has been replaced.
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Polarforming for Wireless Networks: Opportunities and Challenges
Polarforming emerges as a promising technique for manipulating the polarization of electromagnetic (EM) waves by shaping the polarization of an antenna into a desired state. By dynamically adjusting antenna polarization, polarforming enables real-time polarization matching or mismatching with received EM waves, thereby leveraging polarization degrees of freedom (DoFs) to enhance wireless communication performance. In this article, we first present an overview of the fundamental principles and d…

Chiral and Deconfinement Transitions in Spin-Polarized Quark Matter
Ricardo L. S. Farias, William R. Tavares
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08130 https://

Chiral and Deconfinement Transitions in Spin-Polarized Quark Matter
We investigate the influence of spin polarization in strongly interacting matter by introducing a finite spin potential, $μ_Σ$, which effectively controls the spin density of the system without requiring rotation or specific boundary conditions. Inspired by recent lattice QCD simulations that incorporated such a potential, we implement this approach within an effective QCD framework. Our results show that increasing spin polarization leads to a simultaneous decrease in both the chiral and dec…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.10580 has been replaced.
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DeepWiener: Neural Networks for CMB polarization maps and power spectrum computation
To study the early Universe, it is essential to estimate cosmological parameters with high accuracy, which depends on the optimal reconstruction of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) maps and the measurement of their power spectrum. In this paper, we generalize the neural network developed for applying the Wiener Filter, initially presented for temperature maps in previous work, to polarization maps. Our neural network has a UNet architecture, including an extra channel for the noise variance ma…

Ferroelectric switching control of spin current in graphene proximitized by In$_2$Se$_3$
Marko Milivojevi\'c, Juraj Mnich, Paulina Jureczko, Marcin Kurpas, Martin Gmitra
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15269

Ferroelectric switching control of spin current in graphene proximitized by In$_2$Se$_3$
By utilizing the proximity effect, we introduce a platform that exploits ferroelectric switching to modulate spin currents in graphene proximitized by ferroelectric In$_2$Se$_3$ monolayer. Through first-principles calculations and tight-binding modeling, we studied the electronic structure of graphene/In$_2$Se$_3$ heterostructure for twist angles of 0$^{\circ}$ and 17.5$^{\circ}$, considering both ferroelectric polarizations. We discover that switching the ferroelectric polarization reverses th…

Movable Dirac Points with Ferroelectrics: Kink States and Berry Curvature Dipoles
Konstantin S. Denisov, Yuntian Liu, Igor \v{Z}uti\'c
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13960

Movable Dirac Points with Ferroelectrics: Kink States and Berry Curvature Dipoles
Two-dimensional (2D) Dirac states and Dirac points with linear dispersion are the hallmark of graphene, topological insulators, semimetals, and superconductors. Lowering a symmetry by the ferroelectric polarization opens the gap in Dirac points and introduces finite Berry curvature. Combining this with Dirac points detached from high symmetry points of the Brillouin zone offers additional ways to tailor topological properties. We explore this concept by studying topological phenomena emerging i…

Circular polarization of fast radio bursts by asymmetric erosion in longitudinally magnetized plasma
Da-Chao Deng, Hui-Chun Wu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07561

Circular polarization of fast radio bursts by asymmetric erosion in longitudinally magnetized plasma
Magnetars are likely to be the origin of all fast radio bursts. The recent detection of circularly polarized bursts suggests that they might be generated deep inside magnetar magnetospheres. However, the mechanism behind the circular polarization remains uncertain. Here, we study the propagation of an intense radio pulse in a longitudinally magnetized electron-dominant plasma by particle-in-cell simulations. When the field strength of the radio pulse exceeds the background magnetic field, it ca…

Coherent polarization self-rotation
Roy Shaham, Orr Meron, Or Katz, Dimitry Yankelev, Ofer Firstenberg
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01892 https://

Coherent polarization self-rotation
We introduce and study coherent polarization self-rotation (CPSR), a two-photon light-matter interaction in dense alkali-metal vapors that enables both narrowband optical spectroscopy of magnetic transitions and coherent coupling between light and collective atomic spins. Unlike conventional polarization self-rotation, CPSR requires initial spin polarization and a predominantly linearly polarized probe. It operates efficiently even in optically thick vapors with high buffer-gas pressure, rapid …

Polarization-shape alignment of IllustrisTNG star-forming galaxies
Rui Zhou, Liang Dai, Junwu Huang, Weichen Winston Yin, Simone Ferraro
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06106

Polarization-shape alignment of IllustrisTNG star-forming galaxies
In star-forming disk galaxies, the radio continuum emission (1-10 GHz) powered by star formation has an integral polarization direction imperfectly aligned with the apparent disk minor axis. This polarization-shape alignment effect was previously observed in a small sample of local spirals. If this is prevalent for disk galaxies out to cosmological redshifts, novel measurements of cosmic birefringence and cosmic shear will be enabled by leveraging radio continuum surveys such as the Square Kilo…

High-Precision Acoustic Event Monitoring in Single-Mode Fibers Using Fisher Information
Catarina S. Monteiro, Tiago D. Ferreira, Nuno A. Silva
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10561

High-Precision Acoustic Event Monitoring in Single-Mode Fibers Using Fisher Information
Polarization optical fiber sensors are based on modifications of fiber birefringence by an external measurand (e.g. strain, pressure, acoustic waves). Yet, this means that different input states of polarization will result in very distinct behaviors, which may or may not be optimal in terms of sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio. To tackle this challenge, this manuscript presents an optimization technique for the input polarization state using the Fisher information formalism, which allows fo…

Strain-Stabilized Interfacial Polarization Tunes Work Function Over 1 eV in RuO2/TiO2 Heterostructures
Seung Gyo Jeong, Bonnie Y. X. Lin, Mengru Jin, In Hyeok Choi, Seungjun Lee, Zhifei Yang, Sreejith Nair, Rashmi Choudhary, Juhi Parikh, Anand Santhosh, Matthew Neurock, Kelsey A. Stoerzinger, Jong Seok Lee, Tony Low, Qing Tu, James M. LeBeau, Bharat Jalan

Strain-Stabilized Interfacial Polarization Tunes Work Function Over 1 eV in RuO2/TiO2 Heterostructures
Interfacial polarization-charge accumulation at the heterointerface-is a well-established tool in semiconductors, but its influence in metals remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that interfacial polarization can robustly modulate surface work function in metallic rutile RuO2 layers in epitaxial RuO2/TiO2 heterostructures grown by hybrid molecular beam epitaxy. Using multislice electron ptychography, we directly visualize polar displacements of transition metal ions relative to oxygen octah…

Constraining the origin of the long term periodicity of FRB 20180916B with Polarization Position Angle
S. Bethapudi, D. Z. Li, L. G. Spitler, V. R. Marthi, M. L. Bause, R. A. Main, R. S. Wharton
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07651

Constraining the origin of the long term periodicity of FRB 20180916B with Polarization Position Angle
FRB 20180916B is a repeating Fast Radio Burst (FRB) which produces bursts in a 5.1 day active window which repeats with a 16.34 day period. Models have been proposed to explain the periodicity using dynamical phenomena such as rotation, precession or orbital motion. Polarization Position Angle (PA) of the bursts can be used to distinguish and constraint the origin of the long term periodicity of the FRB. We aim to study the PA variability on short (within an observation) and long timescales (fr…

Implications of DESI for Dark Matter & Cosmic Birefringence
Basabendu Barman, Sudhakantha Girmohanta
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12589 https://

Implications of DESI for Dark Matter & Cosmic Birefringence
We explore an interacting dark matter (DM)-dark energy (DE) framework that naturally yields an effective dynamical DE equation of state crossing the phantom barrier at early times, as indicated by recent DESI data, while also accounting for the observed isotropic rotation of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) linear polarization. Within this unified framework, we also explain the DM relic abundance without introducing additional fields or couplings. Depending on the DE potential, we identify…

Spin Currents in Rashba Altermagnets: From Equilibrium to Nonlinear Regimes
Priyadarshini Kapri
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13890 https://

Spin Currents in Rashba Altermagnets: From Equilibrium to Nonlinear Regimes
We investigate equilibrium (background), linear, and nonlinear spin currents in two-dimensional Rashba spin-orbit coupled altermagnet systems, using a modified spin current operator that includes anomalous velocity from non-zero Berry curvature. The background spin current, stemming from spin-orbit coupling and modulated by the altermagnet term ($t_j$), exhibits in-plane polarization, increases linearly with Fermi energy ($ε_F$), and is enhanced by both the altermagnet ($t_j$) and the Rashba p…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.11512 has been replaced.
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Beyond the Median Voter: A Model of How the Ideological Dimension Shapes Party Polarization
Defying the median voter theorem, party polarization has spread globally, especially in the United States. As concerns grow over its risks to democracy, political science has probed its causes, revealing two paradoxes: while polarization between U.S. political parties has undeniably increased since the 1970s, the corresponding rise in issue polarization among voters remains contested; moreover, the growing number of politically relevant issues would be expected to counteract party polarization …

First detection of Circular Polarization in radio continuum towards a Massive Protostar
A. G. Cheriyan, S. Vig, Nirupam Roy, Samir Mandal, C. Carrasco-Gonz\'alez, A. Rodr\'iguez-Kamenetzky, A. Pasetto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04913

First detection of Circular Polarization in radio continuum towards a Massive Protostar
Polarization measurements provide strong constraints on magnetic fields in star-forming systems. While magnetic field estimates of a few kiloGauss (kG) have been obtained near the surface of low-mass protostars, there are no analogous measurements in the immediate vicinity of the surface of massive protostars. We report the measurement of radio continuum circular polarization (CP) towards a massive protostar IRAS 18162-2048 for the first time wielding Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) obser…

Virtual Polarization Elements for Spatially Varying Jones Matrix Transformations on a Free-Space Plane
Mingyue Wang (Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China), Jiayuan Wang (Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China, Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, China)
https://arxiv.org…

Virtual Polarization Elements for Spatially Varying Jones Matrix Transformations on a Free-Space Plane
Precise control over the spatial and polarization properties of light is foundational for advanced photonic systems, yet most conventional approaches are constrained to local, contact-based manipulation at physical interfaces. To overcome these constraints, here we introduce a fundamentally new framework for action-at-a-distance polarization control using virtual polarization elements (VPEs). VPEs apply prescribed local Jones matrix transformations between an input field at the modulation plane…

Passive polarization and phase stabilization scheme for Twin-Field QKD
Christiano M. S. Nascimento, Felipe Calliari, Guilherme P. Tempor\~ao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.01205

Passive polarization and phase stabilization scheme for Twin-Field QKD
Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution requires first-order interference between coherent states sent by Alice and Bob in a mid-station Charlie. In order to obtain stable operation and maximum interferometric visibility, not only phase stabilization but also polarization control is required, especially in optical-fiber setups. In this paper, we propose an experimental setup that simultaneously provides passive stabilization of phase and polarization fluctuations by combining a Sagnac-like interfer…

Imaging 3D polarization dynamics via deep learning 4D-STEM
Jinho Byun, Keeyong Lee, Myoungho Jeong, Eunha Lee, Jeongil Bang, Haeryong Kim, Geun Ho Gu, Sang Ho Oh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.06598

Imaging 3D polarization dynamics via deep learning 4D-STEM
Recent advances in ferroelectrics highlight the role of three-dimensional (3D) polar entities in forming topological polar textures and generating giant electromechanical responses, during polarization rotation. However, current electron microscopy methods lack the depth resolution to resolve the polarization component along the electron beam direction, which restricts full characterization. Here, we present a deep learning framework combined with four-dimensional scanning transmission electron…

ALMA discovery of Punctum -- a highly polarized mm source in nuclear starburst galaxy NGC 4945
E. Shablovinskaia, C. Ricci, C-S. Chang, R. Paladino, Y. Diaz, D. Belfiori, S. Aalto, M. Koss, T. Kawamuro, E. Lopez-Rodriguez, R. Mushotzky, G. C. Privon
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.13014

ALMA discovery of Punctum -- a highly polarized mm source in nuclear starburst galaxy NGC 4945
We report the discovery of a highly polarized millimeter (mm) continuum source in the central region of NGC 4945, identified through ALMA Band 3 observations. This starburst Seyfert 2 galaxy contains numerous compact mm sources, yet only one - located approximately 3.4" (~60 pc) from the galactic center and unresolved with ~0.1" resolution - exhibits an unusually high polarization degree of 50% $\pm$ 14%, likely originating from non-thermal synchrotron radiation. The source is faint, yet clearl…

Spin relaxation in a polariton fluid: quantum hydrodynamic approach
D. A. Saltykova, A. V. Yulin, I. A. Shelykh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12636 https://…

Spin relaxation in a polariton fluid: quantum hydrodynamic approach
Cavity polaritons, the elementary excitations appearing in quantum microcavities in the strong-coupling regime, reveal clear signatures of quantum collective behavior. The combination of unique spin structure and strong nonlinear response opens the possibility of direct experimental observation of a plethora of nontrivial optical polarization phenomena. Spin relaxation processes are of crucial importance here. However, a mathematical formalism for their coherent description is still absent. In …

The fine structure of the mean magnetic field in M31
Indrajit Paul, R. Vasanth Kashyap, Tuhin Ghosh, Rainer Beck, Luke Chamandy, Srijita Sinha, Anvar Shukurov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13954

The fine structure of the mean magnetic field in M31
To explore the spatial variations of the regular (mean) magnetic field of the Andromeda galaxy (M31), we use Fourier analysis in azimuthal angle along four rings in the galaxy's plane. Earlier analyses indicated that the axisymmetric magnetic field (azimuthal Fourier mode $m=0$) is sufficient to fit the observed polarization angles in a wide range of galactocentric distances. We apply a Bayesian inference approach to new, more sensitive radio continuum data at $λ\lambda3.59$, $6.18$, and $11.3…

High-throughput polarization-independent spatial mode shaping with mode-selective photonic lanterns
Harikumar K Chandrasekharan, Ross Donaldson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.08595

High-throughput polarization-independent spatial mode shaping with mode-selective photonic lanterns
Coherent interference in multimode photonic systems offers a transformative approach for scalable, high-fidelity optical control, enabling precise beam shaping, efficient power delivery, and advanced signal processing through single-mode performance. Current techniques are often constrained to a single polarization state of light, system complexity, and the fabrication challenges associated with precise waveguide structures. Here, we present a high-efficiency coherent combination scheme employi…

Hidden fully-compensated ferrimagnetism
San-Dong Guo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11118 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.11118

Hidden fully-compensated ferrimagnetism
Incorporating zero-net-magnetization magnets that exhibit spin-splitting into spintronics delivers key advantages: faster switching dynamics, greater immunity to destabilizing fields, lower power consumption, and markedly improved overall efficiency. The collinear magnets with net-zero magnetization and spin-splitting mainly include altermagnet and fully-compensated ferrimagnet, which provide possibility to achieve hidden spin polarization (HSP) with net-zero spin polarization in total but non-…

Polarization-sensitive vector magnetometry using nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
M. S. J. Barson, T. J. Christie, J. P. Duff, K. Helmerson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.23878

Polarization-sensitive vector magnetometry using nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
By using an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, the vector components of a time-varying (AC) magnetic field are measured in a phase sensitive manner. This allows for the determination of the magnetic field's polarization. This polarization contains useful information about the nearby magnetic environment, such as the response of lossy or anisotropic materials, or the reactance of electrical currents.

Party Ideologies and Political Polarization-Driven Conflicts: A Study of the Global South
Shreyansh Padarha
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02004 https://

Party Ideologies and Political Polarization-Driven Conflicts: A Study of the Global South
Post-World War II armed conflicts have often been viewed with higher scrutiny in order to avoid a full-scale global war. This scrutiny has led to the establishment of determinants of war such as poverty, inequalities, literacy, and many more. There is a gap that exists in probing countries in the Global South for political party fragmentation and examining ideology-driven polarization's effect on armed conflicts. This paper fills this gap by asking the question: How does political identity-indu…

Switchable polarization in non-ferroelectric SrTiO$_3$
Wahib Aggoune, Matthias Scheffler
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01433 https://arx…

Switchable polarization in non-ferroelectric SrTiO$_3$
Perovskites with tunable and switchable polarization hold immense promise for unlocking novel functionalities. Using density-functional theory, we reveal that intrinsic defects can induce, enhance, and control polarization in non-ferroelectric perovskites, with SrTiO$_3$ as our model system. At high defect concentrations, these systems exhibit strong spontaneous polarization - comparable to that of conventional ferroelectrics. Crucially, this polarization is switchable, enabled by the inherent …

Data from FAST and MeerKAT reviews as a test of radio pulsar physics
F. A. Kniazev, A. Yu. Istomin, V. S. Beskin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12423 https://

Data from FAST and MeerKAT reviews as a test of radio pulsar physics
The data from the FAST and MeerKAT surveys has significantly increased the number of radio pulsars for which the polarization characteristics of their mean profiles have been determined in detail. This has allowed us to confirm earlier conclusions both about the nature of propagation of two orthogonal modes in the pulsar magnetospheres and about the mechanism of particle production in neutron star polar regions and their evolutionary features. We can now say with even greater confidence that me…

A Wideband Holographic Array with Azimuth and Elevation Beam Steering for 5G/6G Applications
Hazhir Mohammadi, Amir Saman Nooramin, Homayoon Oraizi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11697

A Wideband Holographic Array with Azimuth and Elevation Beam Steering for 5G/6G Applications
This paper presents the design and fabrication of leaky-wave holograms with anisotropic properties, enabling circular polarization for single-beam radiation in desired directions. Tailored for future terrestrial networks like 5G, 6G, and beyond, the proposed antenna achieves high-gain performance with beam steering in elevation and azimuth over a wide angular range. A planar reflector enhances directivity by suppressing backward modes, while a simple feeding network ensures optimal impedance ma…

Transition from Optically Excited to Intrinsic Spin Polarization in WSe$_2$
Sebastian Hedwig, Gregor Zinke, J\"urgen Braun, Benito Arnoldi, Aki Pulkkinen, J\'an Min\'ar, Hubert Ebert, Martin Aeschlimann, Benjamin Stadtm\"uller
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.00161

Transition from Optically Excited to Intrinsic Spin Polarization in WSe$_2$
Layered 2D van der Waals materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides, are promising for nanoscale spintronic and optoelectronic applications. Harnessing their full potential requires understanding both intrinsic transport and the dynamics of optically excited spin and charge carriers -- particularly the transition between excited spin polarization and the conduction band's intrinsic spin texture. Here, we investigate the spin polarization of the conduction bands of bulk WSe$_2$ using st…

Automated Polarization Basis Adjustment and Security Monitoring in Quantum Communication via Coincidence Entropies
Tom\'a\v{s} Nov\'ak, Carlos Guerra-Y\'anez, Mat\v{e}j Holubi\v{c}ka, Josef Vojt\v{e}ch, Josef Bla\v{z}ej
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.24071

Automated Polarization Basis Adjustment and Security Monitoring in Quantum Communication via Coincidence Entropies
Polarization-sensitive receivers for single photons are of crucial importance in various applications within the fields of quantum communication and quantum sensing, and are more commonly implemented in free-space optics rather than in optical fibers. This is primarily due to the unpredictable and varying birefringence in single-mode optical fibers. We present a method for birefringence compensation in an all-fiber detection setup that relies solely on coincidence measurements of a polarization…

Disentangling Electronic and Ionic Nonlinear Polarization Effects in the THz Kerr Response of LaAlO$_{3}$
Chao Shen, Maximilian Frenzel, Sebastian F. Maehrlein, Zhanybek Alpichshev
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10472

Disentangling Electronic and Ionic Nonlinear Polarization Effects in the THz Kerr Response of LaAlO$_{3}$
Nonlinear responses to intense terahertz (THz) fields provide unique insights into complex dynamics of contemporary material systems. However, the interpretation of the obtained data, in particular, distinguishing genuine ionic oscillations from the instantaneous electronic responses in THz Kerr effect remains challenging. Here, we combine two-dimensional Terahertz Kerr effect (2D-TKE) spectroscopy experiments and their modeling to unravel complex THz-induced temporal oscillations in twinned La…

Assessment of Polarization Entanglement Source: Photon Counting and Correlation Measurement
Tom\'a\v{s} Nov\'ak, Martin Guldan, Josef Vojt\v{e}ch, Josef Bla\v{z}ej
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.23979

Assessment of Polarization Entanglement Source: Photon Counting and Correlation Measurement
Commercial sources of polarization entanglement at telecommunication wavelengths are already available on the market, but they lack proper certification or third-party testing. We aim to provide a comprehensive testing framework for photon counting and correlation measurements to characterize the parameters of these sources in a scalable and repeatable manner. The detection setup is included in our considerations, as the non-idealities of the components negatively affect the relevance of the me…

The SOMA-POL Survey. I. Polarization and magnetic field properties of massive protostars
Tuva K\"allberg, Chi Yan Law, Jonathan C. Tan, Kate Pattle, Zacariyya Khan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02384

The SOMA-POL Survey. I. Polarization and magnetic field properties of massive protostars
The role of magnetic fields in regulating the formation of massive stars remains much debated. Here we present sub-millimeter polarimetric observations with JCMT-POL2 at $850\:μ$m of 13 regions of massive star formation selected from the SOFIA Massive (SOMA) star formation survey, yielding a total of 29 massive protostars. Our investigation of the $p'-I$ relationship suggests that grain alignment persists up to the highest intensities. We examine the relative orientations between polarization-…

IXPE Observations of the Blazar Mrk 501 in 2022: A Multiwavelength View
L. Lisalda, E. Gau, H. Krawczynski, F. Tavecchio, I. Liodakis, A. Gokus, N. Rodriguez Cavero, M. Nowak, M. Negro, R. Middei, M. Perri, S. Puccetti, S. G. Jorstad, I. Agudo, A. P. Marscher, B. Ag\'is-Gonz\'alez, A. V. Berdyugin, M. I. Bernardos, D. Blinov, G. Bonnoli, G. A. Borman, I. G. Bourbah, C. Casadio, V. Casanova, A. J. Castro-Tirado, E. Fern\'andez-Garc\'ia, M. Garc\'ia-Comas, T. S. Grish…

IXPE Observations of the Blazar Mrk 501 in 2022: A Multiwavelength View
The blazar Markarian 501 (Mrk 501) was observed on three occasions over a 4-month period between 2022 March and 2022 July with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). In this paper, we report for the first time on the third IXPE observation, performed between 2022 July 9 and 12, during which IXPE detected a linear polarization degree of $Π_X=6\pm2$ per cent at a polarization angle, measured east of north, of $Ψ_X=143^\circ\pm11^\circ$ within the 2-8 keV X-ray band. The X-ray polarizati…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.21292 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@ar…

Shell-Core Structural Anisotropy in Starch Granules Revealed by Polarization-Dependent Third-Harmonic Generation Imaging
We investigate the polarization-dependent third-harmonic generation (P-THG) response of starch granules, revealing distinct structural organization between their inner and outer regions. By rotating the linear polarization of the excitation beam, we uncover two characteristic P-THG modulation patterns within single granules, corresponding to an outer shell and a structurally distinct inner core. These patterns are analyzed using a theoretical model based on orthorhombic symmetry, allowing us to…

Ab initio functional-independent calculations of the clamped Pockels tensor of tetragonal barium titanate
Virginie de Mestral, Lorenzo Bastonero, Michele Kotiuga, Marko Mladenovic, Nicola Marzari, Mathieu Luisier
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13209

Ab initio functional-independent calculations of the clamped Pockels tensor of tetragonal barium titanate
We present an ab initio method to calculate the clamped Pockels tensor of ferroelectric materials from density-functional theory, the modern theory of polarization exploiting the electric-enthalpy functional, and automated first- and second-order finite-difference derivatives of the polarizations and the Hellmann-Feynman forces. Thanks to the functional-independent capabilities of our approach, we can determine the Pockels tensor of tetragonal barium titanate (BTO) beyond the local density appr…

A three-step approach to reliably estimate magnetic field strengths in star-forming regions
Aristeidis Polychronakis, Aris Tritsis, Raphael Skalidis, Konstantinos Tassis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06297

A three-step approach to reliably estimate magnetic field strengths in star-forming regions
The magnetic field is known to play a crucial role in star formation. Dust polarization is an effective tool for probing the morphology of the field, yet it does not directly trace its strength. Several methods have been developed, combining polarization and spectroscopic data, to estimate the strength of the magnetic field, including the DCF method, which relates these quantities to the magnetic-field strength under the assumption of Alfvénic turbulence. Skalidis & Tassis (2021) (ST), relaxed…

Shape and ionization of equatorial matter near compact objects from X-ray polarization reflection signatures
J. Podgorn\'y
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01798

Shape and ionization of equatorial matter near compact objects from X-ray polarization reflection signatures
Motivated by the success of the IXPE mission, we elucidate what can be inferred about 3D matter structures forming around the equatorial plane of accreting compact objects from 0.1-100 keV linear polarization induced by non-relativistic large-scale reflection. We construct a model of an optically thick elevated axially symmetric reflecting medium with arbitrary ionization profile, representing the known diverse scattering environments: from thick winds and super-Eddington funnel structures form…

Material-Limited Switching in Nanoscale Ferroelectrics
Tony Chiang, John J. Plombon, Megan K. Lenox, Ian Mercer, Punyashloka Debashis, Mahendra DC, Susan Trolier-McKinstry, Jon-Paul Maria, Jon F. Ihlefeld, Ian A. Young, John T. Heron
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12353

Material-Limited Switching in Nanoscale Ferroelectrics
The ferroelectric switching speed has been experimentally obfuscated by the interaction between the measurement circuit and the ferroelectric switching itself. This has prohibited the observation of real material responses at nanosecond timescales and lower. Here, fundamental polarization switching speeds in ferroelectric materials with the perovskite, fluorite, and wurtzite structures are reported. Upon lateral scaling of island capacitors from micron to nanoscales, a clear transition from cir…

Transverse Polarization Gradient Entangling Gates for Trapped-Ion Quantum Computation
Jin-Ming Cui, Yan Chen, Yi-Fan Zhou, Quan Long, En-Teng An, Ran He, Yun-Feng Huang, Chuan-Feng Li, Guang-Can Guo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19691

Transverse Polarization Gradient Entangling Gates for Trapped-Ion Quantum Computation
The construction of entangling gates with individual addressing capability represents a crucial approach for implementing quantum computation in trapped ion crystals. Conventional entangling gate schemes typically rely on laser beam wave vectors to couple the ions' spin and motional degrees of freedom. Here, we experimentally demonstrate an alternative method that employs a polarization gradient field generated by a tightly focused laser beam, previously proposed as a Magnus-type quantum logic …

Multi-year Polarimetric Monitoring of Four CHIME-Discovered Repeating Fast Radio Bursts with FAST
Yi Feng, Yong-Kun Zhang, Jintao Xie, Yuan-Pei Yang, Yuanhong Qu, Dengke Zhou, Di Li, Bing Zhang, Weiwei Zhu, Wenbin Lu, Jiaying Xu, Chenchen Miao, Shiyan Tian, Pei Wang, Ju-Mei Yao, Chen-Hui Niu, Jiarui Niu, Heng Xu, Jinchen Jiang, Dejiang Zhou, Zenan Liu, Chao-Wei Tsai, Zigao Dai, Xuefeng Wu, Fayin Wang, Jinlin Han, Kejia Lee, Renxin Xu, Yongfeng Huang, Yuanchuan Zou, Jinhuang Cao, Xiangl…

Multi-year Polarimetric Monitoring of Four CHIME-Discovered Repeating Fast Radio Bursts with FAST
In this study, we report multi-year polarization measurements of four repeating FRBs initially discovered by CHIME: FRBs~20190117A, 20190208A, 20190303A, and 20190417A. We observed the four repeating FRBs with FAST, detecting a total of 66 bursts. Two bursts from FRB~20190417A exhibit a circular polarization signal-to-noise ratio greater than 7, with the highest circular polarization fraction recorded at 35.7%. While the bursts from FRBs 20190208A and 20190303A are highly linearly polarized, th…

Photostriction-tunable Polarization and Structural Dynamics in Interlayer Sliding Ferroelectrics
Kun Yang, Jianxin Yu, Jia Zhang, Sheng Meng, Jin Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.24186

Photostriction-tunable Polarization and Structural Dynamics in Interlayer Sliding Ferroelectrics
Two-dimensional ferroelectrics with robust polarization offer promising opportunities for non-volatile memory, field-effect transistors, and optoelectronic devices. However, the impact of lattice deformation on polarization and photoinduced structural response remains poorly understood. Here, we employ first-principles calculations to demonstrate photodoping-induced lattice expansion in rhombohedrally stacked bilayer MoS2, revealing a strong coupling between photodoping carrier and lattice stru…

X-ray polarization of Z-type neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries -- I. Model-independent, time-resolved X-ray polarimetry
Andrea Gnarini, Francesco Ursini, Giorgio Matt, Stefano Bianchi, Fiamma Capitanio, Massimo Cocchi, Sergio Fabiani, Ruben Farinelli, Antonella Tarana
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00302

X-ray polarization of Z-type neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries -- I. Model-independent, time-resolved X-ray polarimetry
Z-sources are a particular class of neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries characterized by a wide Z-like track in their hard colorsoft color (or hardness-intensity) diagrams, with three branches: the horizontal (HB), the normal (NB), and the flaring branch (FB). Spectropolarimetric observations with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) show that the polarization in these sources varies along the Z-track, reaching unexpectedly high values in the HB. In this work, we collected all the pol…

Observation of High-Order Quantum Pancharatnam-Berry Phase with Structured Photons
Shuang-Yin Huang, He Jiang, Zhi-Cheng Ren, Zi-Mo Cheng, Wen-Zheng Zhu, Jing Gao, Chang Liu, Xi-Lin Wang, Hui-Tian Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10692

Observation of High-Order Quantum Pancharatnam-Berry Phase with Structured Photons
When a quantum system evolves so that it returns to its initial state, it will acquire a geometric phase acting as a memory of the transformation of a physical system, which has been experimentally measured in a variety of physical systems. In optics, the most prominent example is the Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase. Recent technological advances in phase and polarization structure have led to the discovery of high-order PB phases with structured light fields. The study on the high-order PB phase…

Volcano-Like Ferroic Transitions Deviating from the Model of Landau Theory
Yuxuan Sheng, Menghao Wu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11409 https://

Volcano-Like Ferroic Transitions Deviating from the Model of Landau Theory
We predict the existence of abnormal volcano-like temperature dependence of polarization or magnetization with maxima located at elevated temperature, distinct from classical model based on Landau theory. One case is ferroelectricity with long ion displacements and quantized polarizations that cannot be used for expansion in Landau model, and the switching pathway involves various metastable phases where the polar phase is higher both in energy and entropy compared with non-polar phase. Another…

Time- and Polarization-Resolved Extreme Ultraviolet Momentum Microscopy
Sotirios Fragkos, Quentin Courtade, Olena Tkach, J\'er\^ome Gaudin, Dominique Descamps, Guillaume Barrette, St\'ephane Petit, Gerd Sch\"onhense, Yann Mairesse, Samuel Beaulieu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02371

Time- and Polarization-Resolved Extreme Ultraviolet Momentum Microscopy
We report the development of an instrument combining an ultrafast, high-repetition-rate, polarization-tunable monochromatic extreme ultraviolet (XUV, 21.6 eV) beamline and a next-generation momentum microscope endstation. This setup enables time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of quantum materials, offering multimodal photoemission dichroism capabilities. The momentum microscope simultaneously detects the full surface Brillouin zone over an extended binding energy range. It is eq…

Emergent Multiferroic Altermagnets and Spin Control via Noncollinear Molecular Polarization
Ziye Zhu, Yuntian Liu, Xunkai Duan, Jiayong Zhang, Bowen Hao, Su-Huai Wei, Igor Zutic, Tong Zhou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07039

Emergent Multiferroic Altermagnets and Spin Control via Noncollinear Molecular Polarization
Altermagnets, with spin splitting and vanishing magnetization, have been attributed to many fascinating phenomena and potential applications. In particular, integrating ferroelectricity with altermagnetism to enable magnetoelectric coupling and electric control of spin has drawn significant attention. However, its experimental realization and precise spin manipulation remain elusive. Here, by focusing on molecular ferroelectrics, the first discovered ferroelectrics renowned for their highly con…