Tootfinder

Towards Lifecycle Unlearning Commitment Management: Measuring Sample-level Unlearning Completeness
Cheng-Long Wang, Qi Li, Zihang Xiang, Yinzhi Cao, Di Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.06112

Towards Lifecycle Unlearning Commitment Management: Measuring Sample-level Unlearning Completeness
Growing concerns over data privacy and security highlight the importance of machine unlearning--removing specific data influences from trained models without full retraining. Techniques like Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) are widely used to externally assess successful unlearning. However, existing methods face two key limitations: (1) maximizing MIA effectiveness (e.g., via online attacks) requires prohibitive computational resources, often exceeding retraining costs; (2) MIAs, designed f…

Towards Autonomous In-situ Soil Sampling and Mapping in Large-Scale Agricultural Environments
Thien Hoang Nguyen, Erik Muller, Michael Rubin, Xiaofei Wang, Fiorella Sibona, Salah Sukkarieh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05653

Towards Autonomous In-situ Soil Sampling and Mapping in Large-Scale Agricultural Environments
Traditional soil sampling and analysis methods are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and limited in spatial resolution, making them unsuitable for large-scale precision agriculture. To address these limitations, we present a robotic solution for real-time sampling, analysis and mapping of key soil properties. Our system consists of two main sub-systems: a Sample Acquisition System (SAS) for precise, automated in-field soil sampling; and a Sample Analysis Lab (Lab) for real-time soil property ana…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.13658 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_ees…

Sample-based nonlinear detectability for discrete-time systems
This paper introduces two sample-based formulations of incremental input/output-to-state stability (i-IOSS), a suitable detectability notion for general nonlinear systems. In this work we consider the case of limited output information, i.e., measurements are only infrequently and/or irregularly available. The output-dependent term of the sample-based i-IOSS bound is properly modified to yield a characterization for detectability in presence of incomplete output sequences. We provide both a non…

Dynamic mapping from static labels: remote sensing dynamic sample generation with temporal-spectral embedding
Shuai Yuan, Shuang Chen, Tianwu Lin, Jie Wang, Peng Gong
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02574

Dynamic mapping from static labels: remote sensing dynamic sample generation with temporal-spectral embedding
Accurate remote sensing geographic mapping depends heavily on representative and timely sample data. However, rapid changes in land surface dynamics necessitate frequent updates, quickly rendering previously collected samples obsolete and imposing significant labor demands for continuous manual updates. In this study, we aim to address this problem by dynamic sample generation using existing single-date static labeled samples. We introduce TasGen, a two-stage automated framework to automaticall…

Towards an Explainable Comparison and Alignment of Feature Embeddings
Mohammad Jalali, Bahar Dibaei Nia, Farzan Farnia
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.06231 htt…

Towards an Explainable Comparison and Alignment of Feature Embeddings
While several feature embedding models have been developed in the literature, comparisons of these embeddings have largely focused on their numerical performance in classification-related downstream applications. However, an interpretable comparison of different embeddings requires identifying and analyzing mismatches between sample groups clustered within the embedding spaces. In this work, we propose the \emph{Spectral Pairwise Embedding Comparison (SPEC)} framework to compare embeddings and …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.11772 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

A New Master Supernovae Ia sample and the investigation of the $H_0$ tension
Modern cosmological research still thoroughly debates the discrepancy between local probes and the Cosmic Microwave Background observations in the Hubble constant (\texorpdfstring{$H_0$}{H0}) measurements, ranging from 4 to 6$σ$. In the current study, we examine this tension using the Supernovae Ia (SNe Ia) data from the Pantheon, Pantheon+ (P+), Joint Lightcurve Analysis (JLA), and Dark Energy Survey, (DES) catalogs combined together into the so-called Master Sample. The sample contains 3714 …

Theory of plasmon spectroscopy with the quantum twisting microscope
Nemin Wei, Francisco Guinea, Felix von Oppen, Leonid I. Glazman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05485

Theory of plasmon spectroscopy with the quantum twisting microscope
We consider plasmon-assisted electron tunneling in a quantum twisting microscope (QTM). The dependence of the differential conductance on the two control parameters of the QTM -- the twist angle and bias -- reveals the plasmon spectrum as well as the strength of plasmon-electron interactions in the sample. We perform microscopic calculations for twisted bilayer graphene (TBG), to predict the plasmon features in the tunneling spectra of TBG close to the magic angle for different screening enviro…

TIL this is a thing. i'm now nerdsniped and playing around with it, lol.
https://myscope.training/FIB_simulator.html
The quad layout, nav-cam, and stage design scream "~2010 or newer FEI dual beam, Versa/Helios family probably" to me, althouhg the softwa…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.20369 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csHC_…

Perception-aware Sampling for Scatterplot Visualizations
Visualizing data is often a crucial first step in data analytics workflows, but growing data sizes pose challenges due to computational and visual perception limitations. As a result, data analysts commonly down-sample their data and work with subsets. Deriving representative samples, however, remains a challenge. This paper focuses on scatterplots, a widely-used visualization type, and introduces a novel sampling objective -- perception-awareness -- aiming to improve sample efficacy by targeti…

MUSE: Model-Agnostic Tabular Watermarking via Multi-Sample Selection
Liancheng Fang, Aiwei Liu, Henry Peng Zou, Yankai Chen, Hengrui Zhang, Zhongfen Deng, Philip S. Yu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.24267

MUSE: Model-Agnostic Tabular Watermarking via Multi-Sample Selection
We introduce MUSE, a watermarking algorithm for tabular generative models. Previous approaches typically leverage DDIM invertibility to watermark tabular diffusion models, but tabular diffusion models exhibit significantly poorer invertibility compared to other modalities, compromising performance. Simultaneously, tabular diffusion models require substantially less computation than other modalities, enabling a multi-sample selection approach to tabular generative model watermarking. MUSE embeds…

MINDS: The very low-mass star and brown dwarf sample. Detections and trends in the inner disk gas
A. M. Arabhavi, I. Kamp, Th. Henning, E. F. van Dishoeck, H. Jang, L. B. F. M. Waters, V. Christiaens, D. Gasman, I. Pascucci, G. Perotti, S. L. Grant, M. G\"udel, P. -O. Lagage, D. Barrado, A. Caratti o Garatti, F. Lahuis, T. Kaeufer, J. Kanwar, M. Morales-Calder\'on, K. Schwarz, A. D. Sellek, B. Tabone, M. Temmink, M. Vlasblom, P. Patapis

MINDS: The very low-mass star and brown dwarf sample. Detections and trends in the inner disk gas
Planet-forming disks around brown dwarfs and very low-mass stars (VLMS) are on average less massive and are expected to undergo faster radial solid transport than their higher mass counterparts. Spitzer had detected C$_2$H$_2$, CO$_2$ and HCN around these objects. With better sensitivity and spectral resolving power, JWST recently revealed incredibly carbon-rich spectra from such disks. A study of a larger sample of objects is necessary to understand how common such carbon-rich inner disk regio…

Geometry Meets Incentives: Sample-Efficient Incentivized Exploration with Linear Contexts
Benjamin Schiffer, Mark Sellke
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01685 h…

Geometry Meets Incentives: Sample-Efficient Incentivized Exploration with Linear Contexts
In the incentivized exploration model, a principal aims to explore and learn over time by interacting with a sequence of self-interested agents. It has been recently understood that the main challenge in designing incentive-compatible algorithms for this problem is to gather a moderate amount of initial data, after which one can obtain near-optimal regret via posterior sampling. With high-dimensional contexts, however, this \emph{initial exploration} phase requires exponential sample complexity…

Multi-sample rank tests for location against Lehmann-type alternatives
Nikolay I. Nikolov, Eugenia Stoimenova
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01914 https://

Multi-sample rank tests for location against Lehmann-type alternatives
This paper deals with testing the equality of $k$ ($k\ge 2$) distribution functions against possible stochastic ordering among them. Two classes of rank tests are proposed for this testing problem. The statistics of the tests under study are based on precedence and exceedance statistics and are natural extension of corresponding statistics for the two-sample testing problem. Furthermore, as an extension of the Lehmann alternative for the two-sample location problem, we propose a new subclass of…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.09400 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

Structured coalescents, coagulation equations and multi-type branching processes
Consider a structured population consisting of $d$ colonies, with migration rates that are proportional to a positive parameter $K$. We sample $N_K$ individuals distributed evenly across the $d$ colonies and trace their ancestral lineages back. Within a colony, we assume that pairs of ancestral lineages coalesce at a constant rate, as in a Kingman's coalescent. We identify each ancestral lineage with the set, or block, of its descendants in the sample and we encode the state of the system using…

CLUES III: Do User Choices Impact The Results of SED Fitting? Tests of 'Off-The-Shelf' Stellar Population and Dust Extinction Models in the CLUES Sample
Andrew Mizener, Daniela Calzetti, Angela Adamo, Aida Wofford, Matthew J. Hayes, John Chisholm, Michele Fumagalli, Svea Hernandez, Matteo Maria Messa, Linda J. Smith, Arjan Bik, Kathryn Grasha, Mattia Sirressi

CLUES III: Do User Choices Impact The Results of SED Fitting? Tests of 'Off-The-Shelf' Stellar Population and Dust Extinction Models in the CLUES Sample
The simple stellar population models produced by stellar population and spectral synthesis (SPS) codes are used as spectral templates in a variety of astrophysical contexts. In this paper, we test the predictions of four commonly used stellar population synthesis codes (YGGDRASIL, BPASS, FSPS, and a modified form of GALAXEV which we call GALAXEVneb) by using them as spectral templates for photometric SED fitting with a sample of 18 young stellar clusters. All clusters have existing HST COS FUV …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.17982 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

Kinetic variable-sample methods for stochastic optimization problems
We discuss kinetic-based particle optimization methods and variable-sample strategies for problems where the cost function represents the expected value of a random mapping. Kinetic-based optimization methods rely on a consensus mechanism targeting the global minimizer, and they exploit tools of kinetic theory to establish a rigorous framework for proving convergence to that minimizer. Variable-sample strategies replace the expected value by an approximation at each iteration of the optimizatio…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.18370 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_qu…

Learning pure quantum states (almost) without regret
We initiate the study of sample-optimal quantum state tomography with minimal disturbance to the samples. Can we efficiently learn a precise description of a quantum state through sequential measurements of samples while at the same time making sure that the post-measurement state of the samples is only minimally perturbed? Defining regret as the cumulative disturbance of all samples, the challenge is to find a balance between the most informative sequence of measurements on the one hand and me…

Reusing Trajectories in Policy Gradients Enables Fast Convergence
Alessandro Montenegro, Federico Mansutti, Marco Mussi, Matteo Papini, Alberto Maria Metelli
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.06178

Reusing Trajectories in Policy Gradients Enables Fast Convergence
Policy gradient (PG) methods are a class of effective reinforcement learning algorithms, particularly when dealing with continuous control problems. These methods learn the parameters of parametric policies via stochastic gradient ascent, typically using on-policy trajectory data to estimate the policy gradient. However, such reliance on fresh data makes them sample-inefficient. Indeed, vanilla PG methods require $O(ε^{-2})$ trajectories to reach an $ε$-approximate stationary point. A common …

Learning Binarized Representations with Pseudo-positive Sample Enhancement for Efficient Graph Collaborative Filtering
Yankai Chen, Yue Que, Xinni Zhang, Chen Ma, Irwin King
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02750

Learning Binarized Representations with Pseudo-positive Sample Enhancement for Efficient Graph Collaborative Filtering
Learning vectorized embeddings is fundamental to many recommender systems for user-item matching. To enable efficient online inference, representation binarization, which embeds latent features into compact binary sequences, has recently shown significant promise in optimizing both memory usage and computational overhead. However, existing approaches primarily focus on numerical quantization, neglecting the associated information loss, which often results in noticeable performance degradation. …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.04312 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_eco…

Lee Bounds with a Continuous Treatment in Sample Selection
We study causal inference in sample selection models where a continuous or multivalued treatment affects both outcomes and their observability (e.g., employment or survey responses). We generalized the widely used Lee (2009)'s bounds for binary treatment effects. Our key innovation is a sufficient treatment values assumption that imposes weak restrictions on selection heterogeneity and is implicit in separable threshold-crossing models, including monotone effects on selection. Our double debias…

Distributional encoding for Gaussian process regression with qualitative inputs
S\'ebastien Da Veiga (ENSAI, CREST, RT-UQ)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04813

Distributional encoding for Gaussian process regression with qualitative inputs
Gaussian Process (GP) regression is a popular and sample-efficient approach for many engineering applications, where observations are expensive to acquire, and is also a central ingredient of Bayesian optimization (BO), a highly prevailing method for the optimization of black-box functions. However, when all or some input variables are categorical, building a predictive and computationally efficient GP remains challenging. Starting from the naive target encoding idea, where the original categor…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.03096 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_sta…

Expected value of sample information calculations for risk prediction model development
Risk prediction models are often advertised as deterministic functions that map covariates to predicted risks. However, they are typically trained using finite samples, and as such, their predictions are inherently uncertain. This uncertainty has been addressed in terms of uncertainty around metrics of model performance (e.g., confidence intervals around c-statistic), as well as uncertainty or instability of predictions. Correspondingly, sample size calculations for model development studies ta…

Image-based physical characterization of magnetotactic bacteria from an environmental sample
Mara Smite, Mihails Birjukovs, Mila Sirinelli-Kojadinovic, Sandrine Grosse, Agnese Kokina, Janis Liepins, Dita Gudra, Megija Lunge, Davids Fridmanis, Mihaly Posfai, Andrejs Cebers, Damien Faivre, Guntars Kitenbergs
https://arxiv.org/abs/…

Image-based physical characterization of magnetotactic bacteria from an environmental sample
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are a diverse group of microorganisms that are able to biomineralize magnetic nanoparticles. Most MTB remain uncultured, making population-level characterization from natural environments difficult. We report the discovery of a new and diverse MTB-rich site in the Ogre River, Latvia, and present an integrated approach combining 16S rRNA sequencing, transmission electron microscopy, and novel open-source, automated image-based physical methods to characterize bacteri…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.15556 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csSI_…

Outgroup Animosity Has Risen for Politicians, Journalists, and a Sample of Partisan Users on Twitter and Reddit
Using language models, we analyze a sample of 67 million tweets and 30 million Reddit comments referencing a set of 215 political entities from 2010-2023 from partisan users, journalists, and politicians. Our analysis indicates outgroup animosity has increased consistently in our sample, with newer cohorts of users expressing higher levels of animosity than previous ones. Moreover, a small fraction of users are responsible for a disproportionate share of this negative content. We observe system…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.14287 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

Tropical Fermat-Weber Polytropes
We study the geometry of tropical Fermat-Weber points in terms of the symmetric tropical metric over the tropical projective torus. It is well-known that a tropical Fermat-Weber point of a given sample is not unique and we show that the set of all possible Fermat-Weber points forms a polytrope. To prove this, we show that the tropical Fermat-Weber is the dual of a minimum-cost flow problem, and that its polytrope is a bounded cell of a tropical hyperplane arrangement given by both max- and min-…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.18924 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csCV_…

LLM-Guided Taxonomy and Hierarchical Uncertainty for 3D Point CLoud Active Learning
We present a novel active learning framework for 3D point cloud semantic segmentation that, for the first time, integrates large language models (LLMs) to construct hierarchical label structures and guide uncertainty-based sample selection. Unlike prior methods that treat labels as flat and independent, our approach leverages LLM prompting to automatically generate multi-level semantic taxonomies and introduces a recursive uncertainty projection mechanism that propagates uncertainty across hier…

A planning tool for neutron powder diffraction experiments
Joseph A. M. Paddison, Stuart Calder, Danielle R. Yahne, Malcolm J. Cochran, Si Athena Chen, Matthias D. Frontzek, Yuanpeng Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03201

A planning tool for neutron powder diffraction experiments
We introduce a computer program to simulate the results of neutron powder-diffraction experiments at the High Flux Isotope Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The program is freely available as a web application at http://addie.ornl.gov/hfirestimate, and is designed to be straightforward to use for researchers who are new to neutron diffraction. The input includes the crystal structure of the proposed sample, the sample mass, and the instrument configuration. The results include a plot of…

Share of news influencers on Bluesky has doubled after the 2024 US election to 43%, but X remains popular, with 82% of news influencers maintaining an account (Pew Research Center)
https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/20

Bluesky has caught on with many news influencers, but X remains popular
The share of news influencers in our sample with a Bluesky account roughly doubled in the four months after Election Day 2024, from 21% beforehand to 43% by March.

Single-pulse-based interstellar scintillation studies of RRATs
Zi-wei Wu, Wei-wei Zhu, Zi-yao Fang, Qiu-yang Fu, Ji-guang Lu, Ling-qi Meng, Chen-Chen Miao, Xue-li Miao, Jia-rui Niu, Rukeya Rejiefu, Xun Shi, Chao Wang, Meng-yao Xue, Mao Yuan, You-ling Yue, Chun-feng Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Shi-jun Dang, Yu-lan Liu
https://arxiv.org/ab…

Single-pulse-based interstellar scintillation studies of RRATs
The nature of irregularly spaced pulses of rotating radio transients (RRATs) complicates interstellar scintillation studies. In this letter, we report the primary scintillation parameters of a sample of RRATs using pairwise correlations of pulse spectra. Moreover, from the measured scintillation velocities, we constrain their transverse velocities. We also find a reduced modulation index, $\rm{m=0.13\pm0.01}$, for RRAT~J1538+2345. Several possible explanations are discussed. Furthermore, the si…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01538 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csRO_…

LAMARL: LLM-Aided Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Cooperative Policy Generation
Although Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is effective for complex multi-robot tasks, it suffers from low sample efficiency and requires iterative manual reward tuning. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in single-robot settings, but their application in multi-robot systems remains largely unexplored. This paper introduces a novel LLM-Aided MARL (LAMARL) approach, which integrates MARL with LLMs, significantly enhancing sample efficiency without requiring manual design. LA…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.12181 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csAI_…

Value Gradients with Action Adaptive Search Trees in Continuous (PO)MDPs
Solving Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) in continuous state, action and observation spaces is key for autonomous planning in many real-world mobility and robotics applications. Current approaches are mostly sample based, and cannot hope to reach near-optimal solutions in reasonable time. We propose two complementary theoretical contributions. First, we formulate a novel Multiple Importance Sampling (MIS) tree for value estimation, that allows to share value information b…

New Rotation Periods from the Kepler Bonus Background Light Curves
Zachary R. Claytor, Jamie Tayar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03248 https://

New Rotation Periods from the Kepler Bonus Background Light Curves
The Kepler field hosts the best studied sample of field star rotation periods. However, due to Kepler's large 4" pixels, many of its light curves are at high risk of contamination from background sources. The new Kepler Bonus Background light curves are de-blended using a PSF algorithm, providing light curves of over 400,000 new background sources in addition to over 200,000 re-analyzed Kepler prime targets. These light curves provide the opportunity to search for new rotation periods. Here we …

Testing (Conditional) Mutual Information
Jan Seyfried, Sayantan Sen, Marco Tomamichel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03894 https://arxiv.…

Testing (Conditional) Mutual Information
We investigate the sample complexity of mutual information and conditional mutual information testing. For conditional mutual information testing, given access to independent samples of a triple of random variables $(A, B, C)$ with unknown distribution, we want to distinguish between two cases: (i) $A$ and $C$ are conditionally independent, i.e., $I(A\!:\!C|B) = 0$, and (ii) $A$ and $C$ are conditionally dependent, i.e., $I(A\!:\!C|B) \geq \varepsilon$ for some threshold $\varepsilon$…

I've just upgraded my self-hosted #Listmonk instance to 5.0.0, and I absolutely LOVE the new visual email template builder powered by EmailBuilder.js!
I can't wait to start creating new templates for the candide ꘎ media newsletter ✨
More on the software: …

On the rate of convergence in the CLT for LSS of large-dimensional sample covariance matrices
Jiang Cui, Jiang Hu, Zhidong Bai, Guorong Hu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02880

On the rate of convergence in the CLT for LSS of large-dimensional sample covariance matrices
This paper investigates the rate of convergence for the central limit theorem of linear spectral statistic (LSS) associated with large-dimensional sample covariance matrices. We consider matrices of the form ${\mathbf B}_n=\frac{1}{n}{\mathbf T}_p^{1/2}{\mathbf X}_n{\mathbf X}_n^*{\mathbf T}_p^{1/2},$ where ${\mathbf X}_n= (x_{i j} ) $ is a $p \times n$ matrix whose entries are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) real or complex variables, and ${\mathbf T} _p$ is a $p\times p$ nonr…

A Generalized Graph Signal Processing Framework for Multiple Hypothesis Testing over Networks
Xingchao Jian, Martin G\"olz, Feng Ji, Wee Peng Tay, Abdelhak M. Zoubir
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03496

A Generalized Graph Signal Processing Framework for Multiple Hypothesis Testing over Networks
We consider the multiple hypothesis testing (MHT) problem over the joint domain formed by a graph and a measure space. On each sample point of this joint domain, we assign a hypothesis test and a corresponding $p$-value. The goal is to make decisions for all hypotheses simultaneously, using all available $p$-values. In practice, this problem resembles the detection problem over a sensor network during a period of time. To solve this problem, we extend the traditional two-groups model such that …

Privacy Leaks by Adversaries: Adversarial Iterations for Membership Inference Attack
Jing Xue, Zhishen Sun, Haishan Ye, Luo Luo, Xiangyu Chang, Ivor Tsang, Guang Dai
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02711

Privacy Leaks by Adversaries: Adversarial Iterations for Membership Inference Attack
Membership inference attack (MIA) has become one of the most widely used and effective methods for evaluating the privacy risks of machine learning models. These attacks aim to determine whether a specific sample is part of the model's training set by analyzing the model's output. While traditional membership inference attacks focus on leveraging the model's posterior output, such as confidence on the target sample, we propose IMIA, a novel attack strategy that utilizes the process of generatin…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.19087 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_hepe…

Search for $η_{1}(1855)$ in $χ_{cJ}\toηηη^{\prime}$ decays
Based on a sample of $2.7\times10^{9}$ $ψ(3686)$ events collected by the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, an analysis of the decay $ψ(3686)\toγχ_{cJ}, χ_{cJ}\toηηη^{\prime}$ is performed. The decay modes $χ_{c1}$ and $χ_{c2}\toηηη^{\prime}$ are observed for the first time, and their corresponding branching fractions are determined to be $\mathcal{B}(χ_{c1}\toηηη^{\prime}) = (1.40\, \pm 0.13\, (\text{stat.}) \pm 0.09\, (\text{sys.})) \times 10^{-4}$ and $\mathca…

Sample-optimal learning of quantum states using gentle measurements
Cristina Butucea, Jan Johannes, Henning Stein
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.24587 https://…

Sample-optimal learning of quantum states using gentle measurements
Gentle measurements of quantum states do not entirely collapse the initial state. Instead, they provide a post-measurement state at a prescribed trace distance $α$ from the initial state together with a random variable used for quantum learning of the initial state. We introduce here the class of $α-$locally-gentle measurements ($α-$LGM) on a finite dimensional quantum system which are product measurements on product states and prove a strong quantum Data-Processing Inequality (qDPI) on this…

Ensemble-MIX: Enhancing Sample Efficiency in Multi-Agent RL Using Ensemble Methods
Tom Danino, Nahum Shimkin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02841 https://

Ensemble-MIX: Enhancing Sample Efficiency in Multi-Agent RL Using Ensemble Methods
Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods have achieved state-of-the-art results on a range of multi-agent tasks. Yet, MARL algorithms typically require significantly more environment interactions than their single-agent counterparts to converge, a problem exacerbated by the difficulty in exploring over a large joint action space and the high variance intrinsic to MARL environments. To tackle these issues, we propose a novel algorithm that combines a decomposed centralized critic with d…

Share of news influencers on Bluesky has doubled after the 2024 US election to 43%, but X remains popular, with 82% of news influencers maintaining an account (Pew Research Center)
https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/20

Bluesky has caught on with many news influencers, but X remains popular
The share of news influencers in our sample with a Bluesky account roughly doubled in the four months after Election Day 2024, from 21% beforehand to 43% by March.

Regret-Optimal Q-Learning with Low Cost for Single-Agent and Federated Reinforcement Learning
Haochen Zhang, Zhong Zheng, Lingzhou Xue
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04626

Regret-Optimal Q-Learning with Low Cost for Single-Agent and Federated Reinforcement Learning
Motivated by real-world settings where data collection and policy deployment -- whether for a single agent or across multiple agents -- are costly, we study the problem of on-policy single-agent reinforcement learning (RL) and federated RL (FRL) with a focus on minimizing burn-in costs (the sample sizes needed to reach near-optimal regret) and policy switching or communication costs. In parallel finite-horizon episodic Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) with $S$ states and $A$ actions, existing m…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.10503 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csLG_…

Sample Compression for Continual Learning
Continual learning algorithms aim to learn from a sequence of tasks, making the training distribution non-stationary. The majority of existing continual learning approaches in the literature rely on heuristics and do not provide learning guarantees. In this paper, we present a new method called Continual Pick-to-Learn (CoP2L), which is able to retain the most representative samples for each task in an efficient way. CoP2L combines the Pick-to-Learn algorithm (rooted in the sample compression th…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.15268 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_qfi…

Beating the Correlation Breakdown: Robust Inference, Flexible Scenarios, and Stress Testing for Financial Portfolios
We live in a multivariate world, and effective modeling of financial portfolios, including their construction, allocation, forecasting, and risk analysis, simply is not possible without explicitly modeling the dependence structure of their assets. Dependence structure can drive portfolio results more than the combined effects of other parameters in investment and risk models, but the literature provides relatively little to define the finite-sample distributions of dependence measures in useabl…

Learning Optimal Posted Prices for a Unit-Demand Buyer
Yifeng Teng, Yifan Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02284 https://arxiv.org/pdf…

Learning Optimal Posted Prices for a Unit-Demand Buyer
We study the problem of learning the optimal item pricing for a unit-demand buyer with independent item values, and the learner has query access to the buyer's value distributions. We consider two common query models in the literature: the sample access model where the learner can obtain a sample of each item value, and the pricing query model where the learner can set a price for an item and obtain a binary signal on whether the sampled value of the item is greater than our proposed price. In …

Spent a little while photographing an AKL-PT5 production sample to get some beauty shots for the Digikey page etc when I start making them in volume.
I'll probably downsample... The SEL90M28G macro lens did perhaps too good a job. You can see every little dust speck here lol.

Locally Differentially Private Two-Sample Testing
Alexander Kent, Thomas B. Berrett, Yi Yu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.24811 https://a…

Locally Differentially Private Two-Sample Testing
We consider the problem of two-sample testing under a local differential privacy constraint where a permutation procedure is used to calibrate the tests. We develop testing procedures which are optimal up to logarithmic factors, for general discrete distributions and continuous distributions subject to a smoothness constraint. Both non-interactive and interactive tests are considered, and we show allowing interactivity results in an improvement in the minimax separation rates. Our results show …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.14899 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

Out-of-distribution Robust Optimization
In this paper, we consider the contextual robust optimization problem under an out-of-distribution setting. The contextual robust optimization problem considers a risk-sensitive objective function for an optimization problem with the presence of a context vector (also known as covariates or side information) capturing related information. While the existing works mainly consider the in-distribution setting, and the resultant robustness achieved is in an out-of-sample sense, our paper studies an…

Density Ratio Permutation Tests with connections to distributional shifts and conditional two-sample testing
Alberto Bordino, Thomas B. Berrett
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.24529

Density Ratio Permutation Tests with connections to distributional shifts and conditional two-sample testing
We introduce novel hypothesis tests to allow for statistical inference for density ratios. More precisely, we introduce the Density Ratio Permutation Test (DRPT) for testing $H_0: g \propto r f$ based on independent data drawn from distributions with densities $f$ and $g$, where the hypothesised density ratio $r$ is a fixed function. The proposed test employs an efficient Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm to draw permutations of the combined dataset according to a distribution determined by $r…

Modelling the selection of galaxy groups with end to end simulations
R. Seppi, D. Eckert, A. Finoguenov, S . Shreeram, E. Tempel, G. Gozaliasl, M. Lorenz, J. Wilms, G. A. Mamon, F. Gastaldello, L. Lovisari, E. O'Sullivan, K. Kolokythas, M. A. Bourne, M. Sun, A. Pillepich
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04757

Modelling the selection of galaxy groups with end to end simulations
Feedback from supernovae and AGN shapes galaxy formation and evolution, yet its impact remains unclear. Galaxy groups offer a crucial probe, as their binding energy is comparable to that available from their central AGN. The XMM-Newton Group AGN Project (X-GAP) is a sample of 49 groups selected in X-ray (ROSAT) and optical (SDSS) bands, providing a benchmark for hydrodynamical simulations. In sight of such a comparison, understanding selection effects is essential. We aim to model the selection…

Planet Earth in reflected and polarized light: II. Refining contrast estimates for rocky exoplanets with ELT and HWO
Giulia Roccetti, Michael F. Sterzik, Julia V. Seidel, Claudia Emde, Mihail Manev, Stefano Bagnulo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04348

Planet Earth in reflected and polarized light: II. Refining contrast estimates for rocky exoplanets with ELT and HWO
The characterization of nearby rocky exoplanets will become feasible with the next generation of telescopes, such as the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) and the mission concept Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO). Using an improved model setup, we aim to refine the estimates of reflected and polarized light contrast for a selected sample of rocky exoplanets in the habitable zones of nearby stars. We perform advanced 3D radiative transfer simulations for Earth-like planets orbiting G-type and M-t…

LAMARL: LLM-Aided Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Cooperative Policy Generation
Guobin Zhu, Rui Zhou, Wenkang Ji, Shiyu Zhao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01538

LAMARL: LLM-Aided Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Cooperative Policy Generation
Although Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is effective for complex multi-robot tasks, it suffers from low sample efficiency and requires iterative manual reward tuning. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in single-robot settings, but their application in multi-robot systems remains largely unexplored. This paper introduces a novel LLM-Aided MARL (LAMARL) approach, which integrates MARL with LLMs, significantly enhancing sample efficiency without requiring manual design. LA…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02880 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

On the rate of convergence in the CLT for LSS of large-dimensional sample covariance matrices
This paper investigates the rate of convergence for the central limit theorem of linear spectral statistic (LSS) associated with large-dimensional sample covariance matrices. We consider matrices of the form ${\mathbf B}_n=\frac{1}{n}{\mathbf T}_p^{1/2}{\mathbf X}_n{\mathbf X}_n^*{\mathbf T}_p^{1/2},$ where ${\mathbf X}_n= (x_{i j} ) $ is a $p \times n$ matrix whose entries are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) real or complex variables, and ${\mathbf T} _p$ is a $p\times p$ nonr…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04119 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

Exploring over 700 massive quiescent galaxies at z = 2-7: Demographics and stellar mass functions
High-redshift ($z>2$) massive quiescent galaxies are crucial tests of early galaxy formation and evolutionary mechanisms through their cosmic number densities and stellar mass functions (SMFs). We explore a sample of 745 massive ($\rm M_*> 10^{9.5}M_\odot$) quiescent galaxies from $z=2-7$ in over 800 arcmin$^2$ of NIRCam imaging from a compilation of public JWST fields (with a total area $>$ 5 $\times$ previous JWST studies). We compute and report their cosmic number densities, stellar mass fun…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.19552 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csLG_…

On scalable and efficient training of diffusion samplers
We address the challenge of training diffusion models to sample from unnormalized energy distributions in the absence of data, the so-called diffusion samplers. Although these approaches have shown promise, they struggle to scale in more demanding scenarios where energy evaluations are expensive and the sampling space is high-dimensional. To address this limitation, we propose a scalable and sample-efficient framework that properly harmonizes the powerful classical sampling method and the diffu…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.24559 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

The Samples and Binary Fractions of Red Supergiant in M31 and M33 by the HST
The binarity of red supergiants (RSGs) influences their evolution and the fate of supernovae. We investigate the binary fraction of RSGs in the Andromeda Galaxy (M31) and Triangulum Galaxy (M33) using photometry from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), which offers high spatial resolution to resolve more RSGs. A preliminary step involves identifying a reliable and complete RSG sample using the F110W $-$ F160W versus F160W diagram, yielding 2,612 RSGs from the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasur…

World Models for Cognitive Agents: Transforming Edge Intelligence in Future Networks
Changyuan Zhao, Ruichen Zhang, Jiacheng Wang, Gaosheng Zhao, Dusit Niyato, Geng Sun, Shiwen Mao, Dong In Kim
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.00417

World Models for Cognitive Agents: Transforming Edge Intelligence in Future Networks
World models are emerging as a transformative paradigm in artificial intelligence, enabling agents to construct internal representations of their environments for predictive reasoning, planning, and decision-making. By learning latent dynamics, world models provide a sample-efficient framework that is especially valuable in data-constrained or safety-critical scenarios. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of world models, highlighting their architecture, training paradigms, and a…

Unpacking Graduate Students' Learning Experience with Generative AI Teaching Assistant in A Quantitative Methodology Course
Zhanxin Hao, Haifeng Luo, Yongyi Chen, Yu Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02966

Unpacking Graduate Students' Learning Experience with Generative AI Teaching Assistant in A Quantitative Methodology Course
The study was conducted in an Advanced Quantitative Research Methods course involving 20 graduate students. During the course, student inquiries made to the AI were recorded and coded using Bloom's taxonomy and the CLEAR framework. A series of independent sample t-tests and poisson regression analyses were employed to analyse the characteristics of different questions asked by students with different backgrounds. Post course interviews were conducted with 10 students to gain deeper insights int…

Multipurpose in situ cell design for 3D X-ray imaging of electrochemical processes
Riley J. Hultquist, David Simonne, Sayantan Mondal, Ericmoore Jossou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04543

Multipurpose in situ cell design for 3D X-ray imaging of electrochemical processes
We present the design of a modular multipurpose cell for monitoring the degradation of materials in extreme environments. This cell decouples the reference electrode from the working and counter electrodes, permitting precise electrochemical control and measurement reliability. The design is compatible with 4th generation synchrotron light sources, and its emphasis on modularity facilitates adaptation to different beamlines, where there may be variations in sample stage requirements and X-ray i…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.16876 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

Associations Between Scattering Screens and Interstellar Medium Filaments
Pulsar scintillation can be used to measure small scale structure in the Galaxy, but little is known about the specific interstellar medium features that cause scintillation. We searched for interstellar medium counterparts to all scintillation screens for which absolute distances and scattering orientations have been measured - a sample of 12 pulsars and 22 screens. For one pulsar, PSR J0737-3039A, we re-analyze its scintillation screen and find evidence for a highly anisotropic screen. Among …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.07476 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

Negative Moment Bounds for Sample Autocovariance Matrices of Stationary Processes Driven by Conditional Heteroscedastic Errors and Their Applications
We establish a negative moment bound for the sample autocovariance matrix of a stationary process driven by conditional heteroscedastic errors. This moment bound enables us to asymptotically express the mean squared prediction error (MSPE) of the least squares predictor as the sum of three terms related to model complexity, model misspecification, and conditional heteroscedasticity. A direct application of this expression is the development of a model selection criterion that can asymptotically…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.17469 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csRO_…

VertiSelector: Automatic Curriculum Learning for Wheeled Mobility on Vertically Challenging Terrain
Reinforcement Learning (RL) has the potential to enable extreme off-road mobility by circumventing complex kinodynamic modeling, planning, and control by simulated end-to-end trial-and-error learning experiences. However, most RL methods are sample-inefficient when training in a large amount of manually designed simulation environments and struggle at generalizing to the real world. To address these issues, we introduce VertiSelector (VS), an automatic curriculum learning framework designed to …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.11989 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_hepe…

Test of lepton flavour universality in $W$-boson decays into electrons and $τ$-leptons using $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
A measurement of the ratio of the branching fractions, $R_{τ/e} = B(W \to τν)/ B(W \to e ν)$, is performed using a sample of $W$ bosons originating from top-quark decays to final states containing $τ$-leptons or electrons. This measurement uses $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV, collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider during Run 2, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb$^{-1}$. The $W \to τν_τ$ (with $τ\to e ν_e ν_τ$) and $W \to e ν_e$ decays …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.04091 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_sta…

Generalization in Federated Learning: A Conditional Mutual Information Framework
Federated learning (FL) is a widely adopted privacy-preserving distributed learning framework, yet its generalization performance remains less explored compared to centralized learning. In FL, the generalization error consists of two components: the out-of-sample gap, which measures the gap between the empirical and true risk for participating clients, and the participation gap, which quantifies the risk difference between participating and non-participating clients. In this work, we apply an i…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.10527 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csDS_…

Algorithms and Hardness for Estimating Statistical Similarity
We introduce and study the computational problem of determining statistical similarity between probability distributions. For distributions $P$ and $Q$ over a finite sample space, their statistical similarity is defined as $S_{\mathrm{stat}}(P, Q) := \sum_x \min(P(x), Q(x))$. Despite its fundamental nature as a measure of similarity between distributions, capturing essential concepts such as Bayes error in prediction and hypothesis testing, this computational problem has not been previously exp…

Model selection using the HII galaxy Hubble diagram
Jun-Jie Wei, Fulvio Melia
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04819 https://arxiv.org/pdf/…

Model selection using the HII galaxy Hubble diagram
The proposal to use HII galaxies (HIIGx) and giant extragalactic HII regions (GEHR) as standard candles to construct the Hubble diagram at redshifts beyond the current reach of Type Ia supernovae has gained considerable support recently with the addition of five new HIIGx discovered by JWST. The updated sample of 231 sources now extends the redshift range of these objects to $z\sim 7.5$, mapping the Universe's expansion over $95\%$ of its current age. In this {\it Letter} we use these sources f…

Planets similar in size are often dissimilar in interior
E. Mamonova, Y. Shan, P. Hatalova, S. C. Werner
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05089 https://

Planets similar in size are often dissimilar in interior
Recent works have found evidence of significant intrasystem uniformity in planet properties such as radius, mass, and orbital spacing, collectively termed 'peas in a pod' trends. In particular, correlations in radius and mass have been interpreted as implying uniformity in planet bulk density and composition within a system. However, the samples used to assess trends in mass tend to be small and biased. In this paper, we re-evaluate correlations in planet properties in a large sample of systems…

JWST Insights into Narrow-line Little Red Dots
Zijian Zhang, Linhua Jiang, Weiyang Liu, Luis C. Ho, Kohei Inayoshi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04350 https:/…

JWST Insights into Narrow-line Little Red Dots
James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has revealed a population of red and compact objects with a unique V-shape SED at z >= 4 known as Little Red Dots (LRDs). Most of the LRDs with existing spectral observations exhibit broad Balmer lines and are thus likely to host active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Here we present a study of LRDs with no broad H-alpha component. Our sample consists of five LRDs at z~5 with H-alpha line widths of about 250 km/s. They are selected from 32 LRDs that have NIRSpec high- …

Tarallo: Evading Behavioral Malware Detectors in the Problem Space
Gabriele Digregorio, Salvatore Maccarrone, Mario D'Onghia, Luigi Gallo, Michele Carminati, Mario Polino, Stefano Zanero
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02660

Tarallo: Evading Behavioral Malware Detectors in the Problem Space
Machine learning algorithms can effectively classify malware through dynamic behavior but are susceptible to adversarial attacks. Existing attacks, however, often fail to find an effective solution in both the feature and problem spaces. This issue arises from not addressing the intrinsic nondeterministic nature of malware, namely executing the same sample multiple times may yield significantly different behaviors. Hence, the perturbations computed for a specific behavior may be ineffective for…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.02677 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

Monte Carlo evaluations of gamma-ray and radio pulsar populations
Based on well-grounded Galactic neutron star populations formed from radio pulsar population syntheses of canonical pulsars (CPs) and millisecond pulsars (MSPs), we use the latest Fermi-LAT catalog (4FGL-DR4) to investigate the implications of proposed $γ-$ray luminosity models. Using Monte Carlo techniques, we calculate the number of CPs and MSPs that would comprise the sample of pulsar-like unidentified sources (PLUIDs) in 4FGL-DR4. While radio beaming fractions were used to scale the sizes …

Estimating Bolometric Luminosities of Type 1 Quasars with Self-Organizing Maps
Jie Chen, Linhua Jiang, Shengxiu Sun, Zijian Zhang, Mouyuan Sun
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04329

Estimating Bolometric Luminosities of Type 1 Quasars with Self-Organizing Maps
We present a new method to calculate bolometric luminosities for unobscured, type 1 quasars with multi-band photometric data. Bolometric luminosity is a fundamental property to understand quasars and it is commonly estimated from monochromatic luminosities using bolometric corrections that often neglect quasar SED diversity. We take advantage of the fact that most quasars now have multi-band observations from UV to mid-IR, and construct SEDs for a well-defined sample of SDSS quasars at $0.5\leq…

Power Enhancement of Permutation-Augmented Partial-Correlation Tests via Fixed-Row Permutations
Tianyi Wang, Guanghui Wang, Zhaojun Wang, Changliang Zou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02906

Power Enhancement of Permutation-Augmented Partial-Correlation Tests via Fixed-Row Permutations
Permutation-based partial-correlation tests guarantee finite-sample Type I error control under any fixed design and exchangeable noise, yet their power can collapse when the permutation-augmented design aligns too closely with the covariate of interest. We remedy this by fixing a design-driven subset of rows and permuting only the remainder. The fixed rows are chosen by a greedy algorithm that maximizes a lower bound on power. This strategy reduces covariate-permutation collinearity while prese…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.24434 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csLG_…

Graph Flow Matching: Enhancing Image Generation with Neighbor-Aware Flow Fields
Flow matching casts sample generation as learning a continuous-time velocity field that transports noise to data. Existing flow matching networks typically predict each point's velocity independently, considering only its location and time along its flow trajectory, and ignoring neighboring points. However, this pointwise approach may overlook correlations between points along the generation trajectory that could enhance velocity predictions, thereby improving downstream generation quality. To …

State Similarity in Modular Superconducting Quantum Processors with Classical Communications
Bujiao Wu, Changrong Xie, Peng Mi, Zhiyi Wu, Zechen Guo, Peisheng Huang, Wenhui Huang, Xuandong Sun, Jiawei Zhang, Libo Zhang, Jiawei Qiu, Xiayu Linpeng, Ziyu Tao, Ji Chu, Ji Jiang, Song Liu, Jingjing Niu, Yuxuan Zhou, Yuxuan Du, Wenhui Ren, Youpeng Zhong, Tongliang Liu, Dapeng Yu

State Similarity in Modular Superconducting Quantum Processors with Classical Communications
As quantum devices continue to scale, distributed quantum computing emerges as a promising strategy for executing large-scale tasks across modular quantum processors. A central challenge in this paradigm is verifying the correctness of computational outcomes when subcircuits are executed independently following circuit cutting. Here we propose a cross-platform fidelity estimation algorithm tailored for modular architectures. Our method achieves substantial reductions in sample complexity compar…

An Open-source Capping Machine Suitable for Confined Spaces
Francisco Munguia-Galeano, Louis Longley, Satheeshkumar Veeramani, Zhengxue Zhou, Rob Clowes, Hatem Fakhruldeen, Andrew I. Cooper
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03743

An Open-source Capping Machine Suitable for Confined Spaces
In the context of self-driving laboratories (SDLs), ensuring automated and error-free capping is crucial, as it is a ubiquitous step in sample preparation. Automated capping in SDLs can occur in both large and small workspaces (e.g., inside a fume hood). However, most commercial capping machines are designed primarily for large spaces and are often too bulky for confined environments. Moreover, many commercial products are closed-source, which can make their integration into fully autonomous wo…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.04672 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

Finding White Dwarfs' Hidden Companions using an Unsupervised Machine Learning Technique
White dwarfs (WD) with main-sequence (MS) companions are crucial probes of stellar evolution. However, due to the significant difference in their luminosities, the WD is often outshined by the MS star. The aim of this work is to find hidden companions in Gaia's sample of WD candidates. Our methodology involves applying an unsupervised machine learning algorithm for dimensionality reduction and clustering, known as Self-Organizing Map (SOM), to Gaia BP/RP (XP) spectra. This strategy allows us to…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.04241 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_hepe…

Search for hadronic decays of feebly-interacting particles at NA62
The NA62 experiment at CERN has the capability to collect data in a beam-dump mode, where 400 GeV protons are dumped on an absorber. In this configuration, New Physics particles, including dark photons, dark scalars, and axion-like particles, may be produced in the absorber and decay in the instrumented volume beginning approximately 80 m downstream of the dump. A search for these particles decaying in flight to hadronic final states is reported, based on an analysis of a sample of $1.4 \times …

The Centre of Attention: a Powerful Radio Galaxy Pinpoints a NIR-Dark Protocluster at z~3.9
A. J. Hedge, N. Seymour, J. W. Broderick, A. Gupta, J. Afonso, L. Ighina, M. Lehnert, G. Noirot, S. Shabala, D. Stern, R. J. Turner
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04747

The Centre of Attention: a Powerful Radio Galaxy Pinpoints a NIR-Dark Protocluster at z~3.9
We report the discovery of a $z\sim3.9$ protocluster identified from Atacama Large Millimetre/sub-millimetre Array Band 3 spectral scans of a bright radio source selected from the GaLactic and Extra-galactic All-sky Murchison Widefield Array (GLEAM) survey. Extended CO(4-3) and [CI](1-0) line emission was detected in GLEAM J005332$-$325630 confirming it to be a $z=3.879$ powerful radio galaxy with luminosity, $L_{500 MHz}=1.3\times10^{28}$ ${W Hz}^{-1}$. This source is part of a sample of candi…

SLAC: Simulation-Pretrained Latent Action Space for Whole-Body Real-World RL
Jiaheng Hu, Peter Stone, Roberto Mart\'in-Mart\'in
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04147

SLAC: Simulation-Pretrained Latent Action Space for Whole-Body Real-World RL
Building capable household and industrial robots requires mastering the control of versatile, high-degree-of-freedom (DoF) systems such as mobile manipulators. While reinforcement learning (RL) holds promise for autonomously acquiring robot control policies, scaling it to high-DoF embodiments remains challenging. Direct RL in the real world demands both safe exploration and high sample efficiency, which are difficult to achieve in practice. Sim-to-real RL, on the other hand, is often brittle du…

Localized Functional Principal Component Analysis Based on Covariance Structure
Maria Laura Battagliola, Jan O. Bauer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02836 http…

Localized Functional Principal Component Analysis Based on Covariance Structure
Functional principal component analysis (FPCA) is a widely used technique in functional data analysis for identifying the primary sources of variation in a sample of random curves. The eigenfunctions obtained from standard FPCA typically have non-zero support across the entire domain. In applications, however, it is often desirable to analyze eigenfunctions that are non-zero only on specific portions of the original domain-and exhibit zero regions when little is contributed to a specific direct…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.19587 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

Taming the Interacting Particle Langevin Algorithm: The Superlinear case
Recent advances in stochastic optimization have yielded the interacting particle Langevin algorithm (IPLA), which leverages the notion of interacting particle systems (IPS) to efficiently sample from approximate posterior densities. This becomes particularly crucial in relation to the framework of Expectation-Maximization (EM), where the E-step is computationally challenging or even intractable. Although prior research has focused on scenarios involving convex cases with gradients of log densit…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.05053 has been replaced.
link: https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=a

Joint Spectral Clustering in Multilayer Degree-Corrected Stochastic Blockmodels
Modern network datasets are often composed of multiple layers, either as different views, time-varying observations, or independent sample units, resulting in collections of networks over the same set of vertices but with potentially different connectivity patterns on each network. These data require models and methods that are flexible enough to capture local and global differences across the networks, while at the same time being parsimonious and tractable to yield computationally efficient a…

SN 2024bfu, SN 2025qe, and the early light curves of type Iax supernovae
M. R. Magee, T. L. Killestein, M. Pursiainen, B. Godson, D. Jarvis, C. Jim\'enez-Palau, J. D. Lyman, D. Steeghs, B. Warwick, J. P. Anderson, T. Butterley, T. -W. Chen, V. S. Dhillon, L. Galbany, S. Gonz\'alez-Gait\'an, M. Gromadzki, C. Inserra, L. Kelsey, A. Kumar, G. Leloudas, S. Mattila, T. E. M\"uller-Bravo, K. Noysena, G. Ramsay, S. Srivastav, R. Starling, R. W. Wilson, D. R. Young, K. Ackley,…

SN 2024bfu, SN 2025qe, and the early light curves of type Iax supernovae
Type Iax supernovae (SNe Iax) are perhaps the most numerous class of peculiar thermonuclear supernova and yet their sample size, particularly those observed shortly after explosion, remains relatively small. In this paper we present photometric and spectroscopic observations of two SNe Iax discovered shortly after explosion, SN 2024bfu and SN 2025qe. Both SNe were observed by multiple all-sky surveys, enabling tight constraints on the moment of first light and the shape of the early light curve…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03023 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

TDCOSMO 2025: Cosmological constraints from strong lensing time delays
We present cosmological constraints from 8 strongly lensed quasars (hereafter, the TDCOSMO-2025 sample). Building on previous work, our analysis incorporated new deflector stellar velocity dispersions measured from spectra obtained with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the Keck Telescopes, and the Very Large Telescope (VLT), utilizing improved methods. We used integrated JWST stellar kinematics for 5 lenses, VLT-MUSE for 2, and resolved kinematics from Keck and JWST for RX J1131-1231. We …

Nearby dwarf galaxies with extreme star formation rates: a window into dwarf-galaxy evolution in the early Universe
S. Kaviraj, B. Bichang'a, I. Lazar, A. E. Watkins, G. Martin, R. A. Jackson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03265

Nearby dwarf galaxies with extreme star formation rates: a window into dwarf-galaxy evolution in the early Universe
We study a sample of nearby (z~0.2) low-luminosity dwarf (10^7 MSun < M* < 10^8 MSun) galaxies which have extreme (0.1 - 3 MSun/yr) star formation rates (SFRs) for this mass regime, making them plausible analogues of dwarfs at z~5.5. We compare the properties of these analogues to control samples of 'normal' dwarfs, which reside on the star formation main sequence (SFMS) at z~0.2 and are matched in their stellar mass and redshift distributions to the analogue population. The analogue and normal…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.21369 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

Constraints on AvERA Cosmologies from Cosmic Chronometers and Type Ia Supernovae
We constrain AvERA cosmologies in comparison with the flat $Λ$CDM model using cosmic chronometer (CC) data and the Pantheon+ sample of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). The analysis includes fits to both CC and SN datasets using the \texttt{dynesty} dynamic nested sampling algorithm. For model comparison, we use the Bayesian model evidences and Anderson-Darling tests applied to the normalized residuals to assess consistency with a standard normal distribution. Best-fit parameters are derived within…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.00915 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

On the Pinsker bound of inner product kernel regression in large dimensions
Building on recent studies of large-dimensional kernel regression, particularly those involving inner product kernels on the sphere $\mathbb{S}^{d}$, we investigate the Pinsker bound for inner product kernel regression in such settings. Specifically, we address the scenario where the sample size $n$ is given by $αd^γ(1+o_{d}(1))$ for some $α, γ>0$. We have determined the exact minimax risk for kernel regression in this setting, not only identifying the minimax rate but also the exact consta…

Testing for large-dimensional covariance matrix under differential privacy
Shiwei Sang, Yicheng Zeng, Xuehu Zhu, Shurong Zheng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02410

Testing for large-dimensional covariance matrix under differential privacy
The increasing prevalence of high-dimensional data across various applications has raised significant privacy concerns in statistical inference. In this paper, we propose a differentially private integrated statistic for testing large-dimensional covariance structures, enabling accurate statistical insights while safeguarding privacy. First, we analyze the global sensitivity of sample eigenvalues for sub-Gaussian populations, where our method bypasses the commonly assumed boundedness of data co…

Agnostic Reinforcement Learning: Foundations and Algorithms
Gene Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01884 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.01884…

Agnostic Reinforcement Learning: Foundations and Algorithms
Reinforcement Learning (RL) has demonstrated tremendous empirical success across numerous challenging domains. However, we lack a strong theoretical understanding of the statistical complexity of RL in environments with large state spaces, where function approximation is required for sample-efficient learning. This thesis addresses this gap by rigorously examining the statistical complexity of RL with function approximation from a learning theoretic perspective. Departing from a long history of…

Exploring over 700 massive quiescent galaxies at z = 2-7: Demographics and stellar mass functions
William M. Baker, Francesco Valentino, Claudia del P. Lagos, Kei Ito, Christian Kragh Jespersen, Rashmi Gottumukkala, Jens Hjorth, Danial Langeroodi, Aidan Sedgewick
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04119

Exploring over 700 massive quiescent galaxies at z = 2-7: Demographics and stellar mass functions
High-redshift ($z>2$) massive quiescent galaxies are crucial tests of early galaxy formation and evolutionary mechanisms through their cosmic number densities and stellar mass functions (SMFs). We explore a sample of 745 massive ($\rm M_*> 10^{9.5}M_\odot$) quiescent galaxies from $z=2-7$ in over 800 arcmin$^2$ of NIRCam imaging from a compilation of public JWST fields (with a total area $>$ 5 $\times$ previous JWST studies). We compute and report their cosmic number densities, stellar mass fun…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.07817 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

Cosmological Constraints using the Void Size Function Data from BOSS DR16
We measure the void size function (VSF) from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS DR16) and perform the cosmological constraints. The BOSS DR16 galaxy sample is selected in the redshift range from $z = 0.2$ to 0.8, considering the selection criteria based on galaxy number density. We identify non-spherical voids from this galaxy catalog using the Voronoi tessellation and watershed algorithm without assuming any void shape. We select the void samples based on the void ellipticity, a…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.08435 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

High-dimensional Gaussian and bootstrap approximations for robust means
Recent years have witnessed much progress on Gaussian and bootstrap approximations to the distribution of max-type statistics of sums of independent random vectors with dimension $d$ large relative to the sample size $n$. However, for any number of moments $m>2$ that the summands may possess, there exist distributions such that these approximations break down if $d$ grows faster than $n^{\frac{m}{2}-1}$. In this paper, we establish Gaussian and bootstrap approximations to the distributions of w…

Lonely Little Red Dots: Challenges to the AGN-nature of little red dots through their clustering and spectral energy distributions
Mar\'ia de las Mercedes Carranza Escudero, Christopher J. Conselice, Nathan Adams, Thomas Harvey, Duncan Austin, Peter Behroozi, Leonardo Ferreira, Katherine Ormerod, Qiao Duan, James Trussler, Qiong Li, Lewi Westcott, Rogier A. Windhorst, Dan Coe, Seth H. Cohen, Cheng Cheng, Simon P. Driver, Brenda Frye, Lukas J. Furtak, Norman A. Grogin, Nimish P. Hat…

Lonely Little Red Dots: Challenges to the AGN-nature of little red dots through their clustering and spectral energy distributions
Observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) reveal a previously unseen population of compact red objects, known as ``little red dots`` (LRDs). We study a new photometrically selected sample of 124 LRDs in the redshift range $z$ $\sim$ 3 - 10 selected from NIRCam coverage of the CEERS, NEP-TDF, JADES and JEMS surveys. For JADES, the NEP-TDF and CEERS, we compare SED models with and without AGN components and analyse the impact of an AGN component on the goodness of fit using the Baye…

Exploring selection biases in FRB dispersion-galaxy cross-correlations with magnetohydrodynamical simulations
April Qiu Cheng, Shion Elizabeth Andrew, Haochen Wang, Kiyoshi W. Masui
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03258

Exploring selection biases in FRB dispersion-galaxy cross-correlations with magnetohydrodynamical simulations
The dispersion of fast radio bursts (FRBs) in conjunction with their redshifts can be used as powerful probes of the distribution of extragalactic plasma, and with a large enough sample, the free-electron--galaxy power spectrum $P_{eg}$ can be measured by cross-correlating FRB dispersions with galaxy positions. However, a precise measurement of $P_{eg}$ requires a careful investigation of the selection effects -- the fact that the probability of both observing the FRB dispersion measure and obt…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.18820 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

Potential-Driven Metal Cycling: JADES Census of Gas-Phase Metallicity for galaxies at 1 < z < 7
The gravitational potential is established as a critical determinant of gas-phase metallicity (12+log(O/H)) in low-redshift galaxies, whereas its influence remains unconfirmed at high redshifts. We investigate the correlation between gas-phase metallicity and effective radius ($R_{\rm e}$) for a sample of galaxies with redshifts ranging from 1 to 7, drawn from JADES (JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey) Data Release 3. We calculate the metallicities using four strong-line methods: ${\rm N2S…

The Onset of Feedback in Abell 1885: Evidence for Large-Scale Quenching Despite a Young Central AGN
Laurel White, Michael McDonald, Francesco Ubertosi, Massimo Gaspari, Julie Hlavacek-Larrondo, Helen Russell, Taweewat Somboonpanyakul
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03277

The Onset of Feedback in Abell 1885: Evidence for Large-Scale Quenching Despite a Young Central AGN
We present a new 8.5 ks Chandra observation of Abell 1885, obtained as part of the Cluster Evolution Reference Ensemble At Low-z (CEREAL) survey of ~200 low-z galaxy groups and clusters. These data reveal that Abell 1885 is a strong cool core, with a central cooling time of 0.43 Gyr, and that the central galaxy hosts an X-ray luminous point source at its center (L=2.3x10^42 erg/s), indicative of a rapidly accreting supermassive black hole. In the context of the larger CEREAL sample, we constrai…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.15383 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

DESI Mg II Absorbers: Extinction Characteristics & Quasar Redshift Accuracy
In this paper, we study how absorption-line systems affect the spectra and redshifts of quasars (QSOs), using catalogs of Mg II absorbers from the early data release (EDR) and first data release (DR1) of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). We determine the reddening effect of an absorption system by fitting an un-reddened template spectrum to a sample of 50,674 QSO spectra that contain Mg II absorbers. We find that reddening caused by intervening absorbers (voff > 3500 km/s) has an…

TDCOSMO 2025: Cosmological constraints from strong lensing time delays
Simon Birrer, Elizabeth J. Buckley-Geer, Michele Cappellari, Frederic Courbin, Frederic Dux, Christopher D. Fassnacht, Joshua A. Frieman, Aymeric Galan, Daniel Gilman, Xiang-Yu Huang, Shawn Knabel, Danial Langeroodi, Huan Lin, Martin Millon, Takahiro Morishita, Veronica Motta, Pritom Mozumdar, Eric Paic, Anowar J. Shajib, William Sheu, Dominique Sluse, Alessandro Sonnenfeld, Chiara Spiniello, Massimo Stiavelli, Sher…

TDCOSMO 2025: Cosmological constraints from strong lensing time delays
We present cosmological constraints from 8 strongly lensed quasars (hereafter, the TDCOSMO-2025 sample). Building on previous work, our analysis incorporated new deflector stellar velocity dispersions measured from spectra obtained with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the Keck Telescopes, and the Very Large Telescope (VLT), utilizing improved methods. We used integrated JWST stellar kinematics for 5 lenses, VLT-MUSE for 2, and resolved kinematics from Keck and JWST for RX J1131-1231. We …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.22727 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

The galaxy-halo connection of disc galaxies over six orders of magnitude in stellar mass
(Abridged) The relations between stellar ($M_\ast$), gas ($M_{\rm gas}$), baryonic ($M_{\rm bar} = M_\ast + M_{\rm gas}$), and dark matter halo mass ($M_{200}$) provide unique constraints on galaxy formation and cosmology. The shape of the relations constrains how galaxies regulate their growth through gas accretion, star formation, and feedback; their scatter probes the stochasticity of galaxy assembly. Here, we assemble a sample of 49 nearby gas-rich dwarf and massive disc galaxies with unm…