Tootfinder

Interoperability From OpenTelemetry to Kieker: Demonstrated as Export from the Astronomy Shop
David Georg Reichelt, Shinhyung Yang, Wilhelm Hasselbring
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11179

Interoperability From OpenTelemetry to Kieker: Demonstrated as Export from the Astronomy Shop
The observability framework Kieker provides a range of analysis capabilities, but it is currently only able to instrument a smaller selection of languages and technologies, including Java, C, Fortran, and Python. The OpenTelemetry standard aims for providing reference implementations for most programming languages, including C# and JavaScript, that are currently not supported by Kieker. In this work, we describe how to transform OpenTelemetry tracing data into the Kieker framework. Thereby, it …

🇺🇦 #NowPlaying on KEXP's #AfternoonShow
Black Star:
🎵 Astronomy (8th Light)
#BlackStar
https://skillzbeats-fr.bandcamp.com/track/93-black-star-astronomy-8th-light
https://open.spotify.com/track/1mIpDPCehnf3EPk6J4ZCUF
Please 🔁 BOOST to share what you like
- your followers don't see if you ⭐ favourite a post

https://www.space.com/astronomy/black-holes/scientists-detect-biggest-black-hole-flare-ever-seen-with-the-power-of-10-trillion-suns

Deep Learning in Astrophysics
Yuan-Sen Ting
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10713 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.10713

Deep Learning in Astrophysics
Deep learning has generated diverse perspectives in astronomy, with ongoing discussions between proponents and skeptics motivating this review. We examine how neural networks complement classical statistics, extending our data analytical toolkit for modern surveys. Astronomy offers unique opportunities through encoding physical symmetries, conservation laws, and differential equations directly into architectures, creating models that generalize beyond training data. Yet challenges persist as un…

One Science Dimension article really stuck with me through the years. It was was a an interview with someone they called, playfully, the Dean of Astronomy in Canada.
They asked if he was sad that Astronomy was not taught in high school. Not at all, he replied. In nearly every subject taught, most HS grads will avoid those subjects the rest of their lives!
On the other hand, you can only get into Astronomy if you love it, so you stay.
I was probably fortunate my HS had no credible music program, although they do have an enviable one today.

A (very) simple proof of the gravitational energy formula of polytropic spheres
Luca Ciotti (Dept. of Physics,Astronomy, Bologna University, Italy)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11882

A (very) simple proof of the gravitational energy formula of polytropic spheres
It is shown how the well-known formula for the gravitational energy of self-gravitating regular polytropes of finite mass can be obtained in an elementary way by using Gauss's divergence theorem and the Chandrasekhar virial tensor, without resorting to lengthy algebra, to specific properties of Lane-Emden functions, and to thermodynamics arguments, as is instead commonly found in standard treatises and in astrophysical literature. The present approach, due to its simplicity, can be particularly…

At 3:00 UTC Saturday the "24 Hours of the #Planetarium" online event begins, with new streams starting every 4 hours:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkq-i57J_LY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHf0Sv1c2WM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4kDL8_cobtE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iC2pCZttA68
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W0Q8uN9iBq4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NMmDUswjVsY
In one playlist: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkq-i57J_LY&list=PLqscU0F-NkNTEtXqzbT92y-zFWjA_Ie6o&index=9 - and see https://iauoutreach.org/global-projects/100-hours-of-astronomy for the "100 Hours of Astronomy" project this is part of.

The Prevalence of Bursty Star Formation in Low-Mass Galaxies at z=1-7 from H{\alpha}-to-UV Diagnostics
Marissa N. Perry (The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Astronomy), Anthony J. Taylor (The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Astronomy), Oscar A. Chavez Ortiz (The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Astronomy), Steven L. Finkelstein (The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Astronomy), Gene C. K. Leung (MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and S…

The Prevalence of Bursty Star Formation in Low-Mass Galaxies at z=1-7 from Hα-to-UV Diagnostics
We present an analysis of bursty star-formation histories (SFHs) of 346 star-forming galaxies at $1\lesssim z<7$, selected from JWST/NIRSpec G395M and PRISM spectroscopy provided by the CEERS and RUBIES surveys. We analyze the correlation of star-formation rate vs. stellar mass (the star-forming main sequence, SFMS) for our sample and find no significant difference between the intrinsic scatter in the H$α$-based SFMS and the UV-continuum-based SFMS. However, the diagnostic power of the SFMS is…

https://www.space.com/astronomy/dark-universe/dark-matter-obeys-gravity-after-all-could-that-rule-out-a-5th-fundamental-force-in-the-universe

Average Kernel Sizes -- Computable Sharp Accuracy Bounds for Inverse Problems
Nina M. Gottschling, David Iagaru, Jakob Gawlikowski, Ioannis Sgouralis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10229

Average Kernel Sizes -- Computable Sharp Accuracy Bounds for Inverse Problems
The reconstruction of an unknown quantity from noisy measurements is a mathematical problem relevant in most applied sciences, for example, in medical imaging, radar inverse scattering, or astronomy. This underlying mathematical problem is often an ill-posed (non-linear) reconstruction problem, referred to as an ill-posed inverse problem. To tackle such problems, there exist a myriad of methods to design approximate inverse maps, ranging from optimization-based approaches, such as compressed se…

Detecting gravitational waves with spin systems
Jiamin Liang, Mingqiu Li, Yu Gao, Wei Ji, Sichun Sun, Qi-Shu Yan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11009 https://a…

Detecting gravitational waves with spin systems
The observation of gravitational waves has opened a new window into the Universe through gravitational-wave astronomy. However, high-frequency gravitational waves remain undetected. In this work, we propose that spin systems can be employed to detect gravitational waves in this unexplored frequency regime. We derive the spin's response to gravitational waves and identify three distinct effects: the well-known Gertsenshtein effect, a metric-induced interaction, and the gravitational spin Hall ef…

"Due to the lapse in federal government funding, NASA is not updating this website. We sincerely regret this inconvenience." https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/

"Don’t look up: how Trump’s deregulation drive could obscure the stars and threaten our access to space"
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2025/sep/26/trump-rocket-launches-executive-order-threatens-sta…

Musk's Starlink alone owns two-thirds of all satellites in space.
With 8,000 in low Earth orbit, the company currently has permission to launch a further 4,000,
and has reportedly filed paperwork to raise the total number to 42,000.
Amazon and a state-backed project from China have their own rivals to Starlink in the works,
all of which would see the numbers vastly multiply,
with some estimates that in a decade there could be 100,000 satellites in orbit.

Surveying the State of Writing Education in Physics and Astronomy
Briley L. Lewis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03493 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.03493

Surveying the State of Writing Education in Physics and Astronomy
Writing is a critical skill for modern science, enabling collaboration, scientific discourse, public outreach, and more. Accordingly, it is important to consider how physicists and astronomers are trained to write. This study aims to understand the landscape of science writing education, specifically in physics and astronomy, in higher education in the United States. An online survey probing various aspects of their writing training in both undergraduate and graduate school was administered to …

Inspiring stories from women in astronomy in Africa
Priscilla Muheki, Mirjana Povi\'c, Somaya Saad, Salma Sylla Mbaye, in collaboration with Vanessa McBride, Naomi Asabre Frimpong, Meryem Guennoun, African Science Stars team
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05195

Inspiring stories from women in astronomy in Africa
In preparation for the International Astronomical Union (IAU) General Assembly (GA) 2024, the first GA held in Africa, the African Network of Women in Astronomy (AfNWA) embarked on a visionary project: the creation of an inspiring storytelling book that showcases the remarkable journeys of professional female astronomers in Africa. This book is not merely a collection of biographies; it is a tapestry of resilience, passion, and scientific excellence woven through the lives of women who have ven…

The MIRI Excesses around Degenerates (MEAD) Survey I: A candidate cold brown dwarf in orbit around the nearby white dwarf 2MASS J09424023-4637176
Lo\"ic Albert (D\'epartement de Physique and Observatoire du Mont-M\'egantic, Universit\'e de Montr\'eal, Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets), Sabrina R. Poulsen (Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma), \'Erika Le Bourdais (D\'epartement de physique and Institut Trot…

The MIRI Excesses around Degenerates (MEAD) Survey I: A candidate cold brown dwarf in orbit around the nearby white dwarf 2MASS J09424023-4637176
The MIRI Excesses Around Degenerates Survey is a Cycle 2 James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Survey program designed to image nearby white dwarfs in the mid-IR with the MIRI imaging mode. Only a handful of white dwarfs have previously been observed beyond 8~\micron. This survey gathered observations for 56 white dwarfs within 25~pc at 10 and 15~\micron, probing each white dwarf for unresolved IR excesses, IR flux deficits indicative of collision induced absorption, or resolved substellar companio…

Crystal-Field--Driven Magnetoelectricity in the Triangular Quantum Magnet CeMgAl$_{11}$O$_{19}$
Sonu Kumar (Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Prague, Czech Republic, Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Experimental Physics of Condensed Phase, Pozna\'n, Poland), Ga\"el Bastien (Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Pragu…

Crystal-Field--Driven Magnetoelectricity in the Triangular Quantum Magnet CeMgAl$_{11}$O$_{19}$
We report dielectric and magnetoelectric studies of single-crystalline \ce{CeMgAl11O19}, a Kramers triangular magnet embedded in a polarizable hexaaluminate lattice. In zero magnetic field, the permittivity $\varepsilon'(T)$ follows the Barrett law of a quantum paraelectric down to 25 K, below which a broad minimum develops near 3 K without evidence of static ferroelectric or magnetic order. Application of magnetic fields up to \SI{9}{\tesla} shifts this minimum to higher temperatures and broad…

60 years ago #OTD #comet #IkeyaSeki reached perihelion, -10 mag., was visible in daylight and showed a spectacular tail in the following weeks: https://groups.io/g/comets-ml/message/32770 and https://www.astronomy.com/today-in-the-history-of-astronomy/sept-18-1965-discovery-of-comet-ikeya-seki/ and https://noirlab.edu/public/images/noao-01854/

Large Language Models Achieve Gold Medal Performance at International Astronomy & Astrophysics Olympiad
Lucas Carrit Delgado Pinheiro, Ziru Chen, Bruno Caixeta Piazza, Ness Shroff, Yingbin Liang, Yuan-Sen Ting, Huan Sun
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05016

Large Language Models Achieve Gold Medal Performance at International Astronomy & Astrophysics Olympiad
While task-specific demonstrations show early success in applying large language models (LLMs) to automate some astronomical research tasks, they only provide incomplete views of all necessary capabilities in solving astronomy problems, calling for more thorough understanding of LLMs' strengths and limitations. So far, existing benchmarks and evaluations focus on simple question-answering that primarily tests astronomical knowledge and fails to evaluate the complex reasoning required for real-w…

Boiling oceans and compressional tectonics on emerging ocean worlds
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-025-02713-5

Boiling oceans and compressional tectonics on emerging ocean worlds - Nature Astronomy
Several moons in the outer Solar System have oceans encased beneath an ice shell. If the ice shell thins, ocean pressure decreases. Modelling shows that on Mimas, Enceladus, and Miranda, the ocean can boil. On larger bodies, instead, compressional forces form tectonic features.

Moments Matter: Posterior Recovery in Poisson Denoising via Log-Networks
Shirin Shoushtari, Edward P. Chandler, Ulugbek S. Kamilov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07199 https://

Moments Matter: Posterior Recovery in Poisson Denoising via Log-Networks
Poisson denoising plays a central role in photon-limited imaging applications such as microscopy, astronomy, and medical imaging. It is common to train deep learning models for denoising using the mean-squared error (MSE) loss, which corresponds to computing the posterior mean $\mathbb{E}[x \mid y]$. When the noise is Gaussian, Tweedie's formula enables approximation of the posterior distribution through its higher-order moments. However, this connection no longer holds for Poisson denoising: w…

I think "dumb" or "stupid" best describe the choices you make and not the knowledge you have or do not have. I think "ignorance" better describe that.
My partner was amazed to learn that the moon does not generate light, but just reflects sunlight.
I've know this since I was a child because I had an interest in astronomy and they never had such and interest and just never thought about it or learned it.

First Radio Neutrino & Cosmic Rays Astronomy Workshop in India
Mohammad Ful Hossain Seikh, Victor Grachev, Ilya Kravchenko, Mohammad Sajjad Athar, Dave Besson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20704

First Radio Neutrino & Cosmic Rays Astronomy Workshop in India
We summarize the motivation for (as well as the presentations from) the April, 2024 workshop held in India and focused on radiowave techniques for cosmic ray and neutrino detection.

Interpretation of measured 3x3 partial depolarizing Mueller matrices
Jose J. Gil, Ignacio San Jose, Monica Canabal-Carbia, Juan Campos, Angel Lizana, Irene Estevez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06305

Interpretation of measured 3x3 partial depolarizing Mueller matrices
Mueller polarimetry is a powerful technique with broad applications in astronomy, remote sensing, advanced material analysis, and biomedical imaging. However, instrumental constraints frequently restrict the measurement to an incomplete Mueller matrix limited to its upper-left 3x3 submatrix. Simply padding the missing entries with zeros to form a 4x4 matrix can produce physically inconsistent results, even for nondepolarizing systems. To address this issue, we present a systematic procedure to …

New Orbital Constraints for YSES 1 b and HR 2562 B from High-Precision Astrometry and Planetary Radial Velocities
Jonathan Roberts (Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA), William Thompson (NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics, Victoria, Canada), Jason J. Wang (Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwes…

New Orbital Constraints for YSES 1 b and HR 2562 B from High-Precision Astrometry and Planetary Radial Velocities
We present new VLTI/GRAVITY astrometry and updated orbit fits for the directly imaged companions YSES 1 b and HR 2562 B, substellar objects straddling the planet-brown dwarf boundary. Using high-precision astrometry, radial velocity (RV) data, and proper motions, we derive revised orbital parameters with orbitize! arXiv:1910.01756. For YSES 1 b, the inclusion of GRAVITY astrometry and a relative radial velocity measurement from arXiv:2409.16660 overcomes the traditional challenge of constrainin…

Insights into Planet Formation from the Ages, Masses, and Elemental Abundances of Host Stars
Xunzhou Chen, Tiancheng Sun, Lifei Ye
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10092 https://

Insights into Planet Formation from the Ages, Masses, and Elemental Abundances of Host Stars
How planetary systems form and evolve is a key question in astronomy. Revealing how host star properties, such as elemental abundances, age, and mass, differ from those of non-host stars, and how they correlate with planetary characteristics such as radius, provides new insights into the formation and evolutionary pathways of planetary systems. We determine precise ages for 18890 dwarfs and subgiants from the LAMOST-Kepler-Gaia sample with a mean age uncertainty of about 15 percent (median abou…

"Die südafrikanische Regierung hat erkannt, welche Möglichkeiten dieses wissenschaftliche Megaprojekt bietet. Deshalb tut sie ihr Möglichstes, die Funkstille in der Karoo zu schützen. Schon 2007 erklärte sie das Gebiet um die Radioteleskope zur Astronomy Advantage Area. Diese ist in verschiedene Zonen unterteilt. Je näher man dem Kernbereich des SKA kommt, desto strenger werden die Auflagen."

Sonnet 014 - XIV
Not from the stars do I my judgement pluck;
And yet methinks I have Astronomy,
But not to tell of good or evil luck,
Of plagues, of dearths, or seasons' quality;
Nor can I fortune to brief minutes tell,
Pointing to each his thunder, rain and wind,
Or say with princes if it shall go well
By oft predict that I in heaven find:
But from thine eyes my knowledge I derive,
And, constant stars, in them I read such art

Fisher Matrix for Beginners
David Wittman (UC Davis)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09683 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.09683

Fisher Matrix for Beginners
The Fisher information matrix is used widely in astronomy (and presumably other fields) to forecast the precision of future experiments while they are still in the design phase. Although many sources describe the mathematics of the formalism, few sources offer simple examples to help the beginner. This pedagogical document works through a few simple examples to develop conceptual understanding of the applications.

Assessing Self-Absorbed Molecular Lines as Tracers of Gravitational Collapse
Lillian Y. Cai (School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University), Felix D. Priestley (School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University), Sarah E. Ragan (School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University)
https://

Assessing Self-Absorbed Molecular Lines as Tracers of Gravitational Collapse
Redshifted self-absorption features in molecular lines are commonly interpreted as signatures of gravitational collapse in pre- and protostellar cores. The shape of the line profile then encodes information on the dynamics of the collapse. There exist well-established observational techniques to estimate infall velocities from these profiles, but these have historically been calibrated on constant-velocity slab models, whereas more realistic simulations of gravitational collapse produce highly …

A million-solar-mass object detected at a cosmological distance using #GravitationalImaging / An extended and extremely thin gravitational arc from a lensed compact symmetric object at redshift of 2.059: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-025-02651-2 / https://academic.oup.com/mnrasl/article/544/1/L24/8262431?login=false -> Astronomers ‘image’ a mysterious dark object in the distant Universe: https://jive.eu/news/new-nature-astronomy-and-mnras-letters-astronomers-image-mysterious-dark-object-distant

Gluon Condensation as a Unifying Mechanism for Special Spectra of Cosmic Gamma Rays and Low-Momentum Pion Enhancement at the Large Hadron Collider
Wei Zhu, Jianhong Ruan, Xurong Chen, Yuchen Tang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00847

Gluon Condensation as a Unifying Mechanism for Special Spectra of Cosmic Gamma Rays and Low-Momentum Pion Enhancement at the Large Hadron Collider
Decoding the internal structure of the proton is a fundamental challenge in physics. Historically, any new discovery about the proton has fuelled advances in several scientific fields. We have reported that gluons inside the proton accumulate near the critical momentum due to chaotic phenomena, forming gluon condensation. Surprisingly, the pion distribution predicted by this gluon distribution for the production of high-energy proton collisions could answer two puzzles in astronomy and high-ene…

The Importance of Being Adaptable: An Exploration of the Power and Limitations of Domain Adaptation for Simulation-Based Inference with Galaxy Clusters
Michelle Ntampaka, A. Ciprijanovic, Ana Maria Delgado, John Soltis, John F. Wu, Mikaeel Yunus, John ZuHone
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09748

The Importance of Being Adaptable: An Exploration of the Power and Limitations of Domain Adaptation for Simulation-Based Inference with Galaxy Clusters
The application of deep machine learning methods in astronomy has exploded in the last decade, with new models showing remarkably improved performance on benchmark tasks. Not nearly enough attention is given to understanding the models' robustness, especially when the test data are systematically different from the training data, or "out of domain." Domain shift poses a significant challenge for simulation-based inference, where models are trained on simulated data but applied to real observati…

SpaceX launching air strikes against Canada:
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatchewan/saskatoon-space-debris-satelitte-reentry-1.7643516

Space debris from Starlink re-entry spotted in sky above Saskatoon | CBC News
People in Saskatoon caught a glimpse of something strange in the sky on early Tuesday morning. An astronomy expert says it was a SpaceX Starlink satellite coming back down to Earth.

Testing black hole metrics with binary black hole inspirals
Zhe Zhao, Swarnim Shashank, Debtroy Das, Cosimo Bambi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04703 https://…

Testing black hole metrics with binary black hole inspirals
Gravitational wave astronomy has opened an unprecedented window onto tests of gravity and fundamental physics in the strong-field regime. In this study, we examine a series of well-motivated deviations from the classical Kerr solution of General Relativity and employ gravitational wave data to place constraints on possible deviations from the Kerr geometry. The method involves calculating the phase of gravitational waves using the effective one-body formalism and then applying the parameterized…

Crosslisted article(s) found for physics.soc-ph. https://arxiv.org/list/physics.soc-ph/new
[1/1]:
- Ukrainian Wartime Astronomy and its Prospects
Danilo Albergaria, et al.

Comet c/2025 A6 (LEMMON)
Captured in a single image
https://bsky.app/profile/catherineryanhyde.bsky.social/post/3m3pp2gtdcc2a

Catherine Ryan Hyde (@catherineryanhyde.bsky.social)
Now *this* baby has a tail. This is comet c/2025 A6 (LEMMON). One single image. It was close to setting, and I didn't have it for long. #Astronomy #Astrophotography

Energy-density-driven ultrafast electronic excitations in a cuprate superconductor
Alessandra Milloch (Department of Mathematics and Physics, Universit\`a Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia, Italy, ILAMP), Francesco Proietto (Department of Mathematics and Physics, Universit\`a Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia, Italy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium), Naman Agarwal (Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Trieste, Italy), Laura Foglia (Elettra - Sincrot…

Energy-density-driven ultrafast electronic excitations in a cuprate superconductor
Controlling nonequilibrium dynamics in quantum materials requires ultrafast probes with spectral selectivity. We report femtosecond reflectivity measurements on the cuprate superconductor Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+δ}$ using free-electron laser extreme-ultraviolet (23.5--177~eV) and near-infrared (1.5~eV) pump pulses. EUV pulses access deep electronic states, while NIR light excites valence-band transitions. Despite these distinct channels, both schemes produce nearly identical dynamics: above …

Modeling of Dark Matter Prompt and Secondary Signatures in Dwarf Galaxies
Athithya Aravinthan (Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Plasma-Astroparticle Physics, Bochum, Germany, Ruhr Astroparticle and Plasma Physics Center), Julien D\"orner (Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Plasma-Astroparticle Physics, Bochum, Germany, Ruhr Astroparticle and Plasma Physics Center), Julia Becker Tjus (Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Physics and Ast…

Modeling of Dark Matter Prompt and Secondary Signatures in Dwarf Galaxies
Dwarf Spheroidal (dSph) galaxies are very promising laboratories for the indirect search for dark matter (DM), due to their low astrophysical background in radio and gamma-ray frequencies. This is convenient when considering Weakly Interacting Dark Matter (WIMP) that can annihilate and produce radio continuum emission. Radio detections of dSph galaxies, however, prove to be difficult and motivate the consideration of transient galaxies that have just recently become quiescent. For the past se…

RE: #Mauve is but one of 140 (!) small satellites on that Falcon 9, collectively known as Transporter 15. What's interesting about the satellite is its commercial approach - you *buy* astronomical UV data: https://bssl.space/mauve/ and https://space.blog.gov.uk/2025/11/06/blue-skies-space-to-launch-mauve-satellite-demonstrating-a-new-model-for-delivering-space-science-data/ and https://www.science.org/content/article/startup-pioneers-subscription-service-space-based-astronomy

Detection of CH3 in the O-rich planetary nebula NGC 6302
Charmi Bhatt (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, University of Western Ontario), Jan Cami (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, SETI Institute), Els Peeters (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, SETI Institute), Nicholas Clark (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario…

Detection of CH3+ in the O-rich planetary nebula NGC 6302
Planetary nebulae are sites where ejected stellar material evolves into complex molecules, but the precise physical conditions and chemical routes that govern these processes are unclear. The presence of abundant carbon-rich molecules in O-rich environments poses particular challenges. Here we report the first detection of methyl cation (CH3+) in any planetary nebula, observed in the O-rich nebula NGC 6302 using JWST MIRI/MRS observations. CH3+ is a key driver of organic chemistry in UV-irradia…

Star Gazing: Astrology and Astronomy in the Medieval and Renaissance Imagination
https://ift.tt/Dy3Ld1W
updated: Tuesday, October 21, 2025 - 1:30pmfull name / name of organization: Center for Medieval and…
via Input 4 RELCFP

Hierarchical Progressive Survey (HiPS) format: moving from visualisation to scientific analysis
Fabrizio Giordano, Yago Ascasibar, Luca Cortese, Ivan Valtchanov, Bruno Mer\'in
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09533

Hierarchical Progressive Survey (HiPS) format: moving from visualisation to scientific analysis
Context. In the current era of multi-wavelength and multi-messenger astronomy, international organisations are actively working on the definition of new standards for the publication of astronomical data, and substantial effort is devoted to make them available through public archives. Aims. We present a set of tools that allow user-friendly access and basic scientific analysis of observations in Hierarchical Progressive Survey (HiPS) format, and we use them to gauge the quality of representati…

Sonnet 014 - XIV
Not from the stars do I my judgement pluck;
And yet methinks I have Astronomy,
But not to tell of good or evil luck,
Of plagues, of dearths, or seasons' quality;
Nor can I fortune to brief minutes tell,
Pointing to each his thunder, rain and wind,
Or say with princes if it shall go well
By oft predict that I in heaven find:
But from thine eyes my knowledge I derive,
And, constant stars, in them I read such art <…

Satellite #megaconstellations will threaten space-based astronomy: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09759-5 -> Planned satellite constellations may swamp future orbiting telescopes: https://arstechnica.com/science/2025/12/planned-satellite-constellations-may-swamp-future-orbiting-telescopes/ - planned orbital observatories would see satellites cross nearly all of their images.

Roadmap: Emerging Platforms and Applications of Optical Frequency Combs and Dissipative Solitons
Dmitry Skryabin, Arne Kordts, Richard Zeltner, Ronald Holzwarth, Victor Torres-Company, Tobias Herr, Fuchuan Lei, Qi-Fan Yang, Camille-Sophie Br\`es, John F. Donegan, Hai-Zhong Weng, Delphine Marris-Morini, Adel Bousseksou, Markku Vainio, Thomas Bunel, Matteo Conforti, Arnaud Mussot, Erwan Lucas, Julien Fatome, Yuk Shan Cheng, Derryck T. Reid, Alessia Pasquazi, Marco Peccianti, M. Giudici, M. Marconi, A. Bartolo, N. Vigne, B. Chomet, A. Garnache, G. Beaudoin, I. Sagnes, Richard Burguete, Sarah Hammer, Jonathan Silver
https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.18231 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.18231 https://arxiv.org/html/2511.18231
arXiv:2511.18231v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: The discovery of optical frequency combs (OFCs) has revolutionised science and technology by bridging electronics and photonics, driving major advances in precision measurements, atomic clocks, spectroscopy, telecommunications, and astronomy. However, current OFC systems still require further development to enable broader adoption in fields such as communication, aerospace, defence, and healthcare. There is a growing need for compact, portable OFCs that deliver high output power, robust self-referencing, and application-specific spectral coverage. On the conceptual side, progress toward such systems is hindered by an incomplete understanding of the fundamental principles governing OFC generation in emerging devices and materials, as well as evolving insights into the interplay between soliton and mode-locking effects. This roadmap presents the vision of a diverse group of academic and industry researchers and educators from Europe, along with their collaborators, on the current status and future directions of OFC science. It highlights a multidisciplinary approach that integrates novel physics, engineering innovation, and advanced researcher training. Topics include advances in soliton science as it relates to OFCs, the extension of OFC spectra into the visible and mid-infrared ranges, metrology applications and noise performance of integrated OFC sources, new fibre-based OFC modules, OFC lasers and OFC applications in astronomy.
toXiv_bot_toot

Interactive High-Performance Visualization for Astronomy and Cosmology
Eva Sciacca, Nicola Tuccari, Umer Arshad, Fabio Pitari, Giuseppa Muscianisi, Emiliano Tramontana
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04665 …

Interactive High-Performance Visualization for Astronomy and Cosmology
The exponential growth of data in Astrophysics and Cosmology demands scalable computational tools and intuitive interfaces for analysis and visualization. In this work, we present an innovative integration of the VisIVO scientific visualization framework with the InterActive Computing (IAC) service at Cineca, enabling interactive, high-performance visual workflows directly within HPC environments. Through seamless integration into Jupyter-based science gateways, users can now access GPU-enabled…

Second-timescale Glints from Satellites and Space Debris Detected with Tomo-e Gozen
Masaomi Tanaka, Ichiro Takahashi, Naoki Yoshida, Naonori Ueda, Akisato Kimura, Kazuma Mitsuda, Hirofumi Noda, Shigeyuki Sako, Noriaki Arima, Mitsuru Kokubo, Tomoki Morokuma, Yuu Niino, Nozomu Tominaga, Kenzo Kinugasa, Naoto Kobayashi, Sohei Kondo, Yuki Mori, Ryou Ohsawa, Hidenori Takahashi, Satoshi Takita

Second-timescale Glints from Satellites and Space Debris Detected with Tomo-e Gozen
A search for second-timescale optical transients is one of the frontiers of time-domain astronomy. However, it has been pointed out that reflections of sunlight from Earth-orbiting objects can also produce second-timescale ``glints.'' We conducted wide-field observations at 2 frames per second using Tomo-e Gozen on the 1.05 m Kiso Schmidt telescope. We identified 1554 point-source glints that appeared in only one frame (0.5 sec). Their brightness ranges from 11 to 16 mag, with fainter glints be…

Ukrainian Wartime Astronomy and its Prospects
Danilo Albergaria, Kateryna Frantseva, Pedro Russo, Svitlana Babiichuk, Oksana Berezhna, Sofiia Denyshchenko, Daria Dobrycheva, Vadym Kaydash, Olena Kompaniiets, Oleksander Konovalenko, Yurii Kulinich, Igor Lukyanyk, Vladyslava Marsakova, Bohdan Novosyadlyj, Elena Panko, Volodymyr Reshetnyk, Ivan Slyusarev, Iurii Sushch, Ganna Tolstanova, Iryna Vavilova, Liubov Yankiv-Vitkovska, Yaroslav Yatskiv, Vyacheslav Zakharenko

Ukrainian Wartime Astronomy and its Prospects
The Russian invasion of Ukraine damaged or compromised astronomical facilities and has prompted the displacement of researchers. A plan to restore Ukrainian astronomy, rooted in a deeper integration with the international community, is now being developed.

Neural Posterior Estimation with Autoregressive Tiling for Detecting Objects in Astronomical Images
Jeffrey Regier
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03074 https://

Neural Posterior Estimation with Autoregressive Tiling for Detecting Objects in Astronomical Images
Upcoming astronomical surveys will produce petabytes of high-resolution images of the night sky, providing information about billions of stars and galaxies. Detecting and characterizing the astronomical objects in these images is a fundamental task in astronomy -- and a challenging one, as most of these objects are faint and many visually overlap with other objects. We propose an amortized variational inference procedure to solve this instance of small-object detection. Our key innovation is a …

Characterizing the variability of a sample of massive stars in eclipsing binaries
C. I. Eze (Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Warsaw, Poland, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria), G. Handler (Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Warsaw, Poland), F. Kahraman Ali\c{c}avu\c{s} (\c{C}anakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Sciences, Physics Department, \c{C}anakkale, T\"urkiye), T. Pawar (Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center,…

Characterizing the variability of a sample of massive stars in eclipsing binaries
Massive stars exhibit a perplexing mismatch between their inferred masses from different observational techniques, posing a significant challenge to our understanding of stellar evolution and structure. This discrepancy is believed to be caused by the underestimation of the convective core masses. The efficiency of such measurement is usually impaired by a lot of processes at work in the interior of the stars such as convective core overshooting and interior rotation. By integrating the precisi…

The #GiantMagellanTelescope international consortium welcomed Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, or ASIAA, as its newest member, the consortium announced Tuesday: https://astro.arizona.edu/news/giant-magellan-telescope-brings-new-partner-fold

Addressing Selected Gamma-Ray Burst Science Topics with Future Space Instruments
Nicolas De Angelis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00707 https://arxiv.org/pdf/…

Addressing Selected Gamma-Ray Burst Science Topics with Future Space Instruments
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are among the most energetic events in the universe, offering insights into stellar collapse, extreme matter behavior, and cosmic evolution. The advent of multi-messenger astronomy, combining electromagnetic, gravitational wave, and neutrino observations, alongside advances in high-energy polarimetry, is revolutionizing GRB research, enabling deeper exploration of their physical mechanisms. This manuscript summarizes how upcoming and proposed space-based missions will …

Star Gazing: Astrology and Astronomy in the Medieval and Renaissance Imagination
https://ift.tt/bUnj2p0
updated: Wednesday, November 19, 2025 - 3:05pmfull name / name of organization: Center for Medieval…
via Input 4 RELCFP

Active landslides on the Moon: #Moon, recognizing endogenic moonquakes rather than new impacts are the primary trigger: https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1100110 -> Moonquakes are the primary trigger for lunar landslides, study finds: https://www.astronomy.com/science/moonquakes-are-the-primary-trigger-for-lunar-landslides-study-finds/

Experiences of Commercial Supercomputing in Radio Astronomy Data Processing
Ian Kemp, Steven J Tingay, Stuart Midgley, Daniel Mitchell
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17657 https://

Experiences of Commercial Supercomputing in Radio Astronomy Data Processing
The ongoing exponential growth of computational power, and the growth of the commercial High Performance Computing (HPC) industry, has led to a point where ten commercial systems currently exceed the performance of the highest-used HPC system in radio astronomy in Australia, and one of these exceeds the expected requirements of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) Science Data Processors. In order to explore implications of this emerging change in the HPC landscape for radio astronomy, we report …

Full-Field Brillouin Microscopy with a Scanning Fabry-Perot Interferometer
Mikolaj Pochylski (Faculty of Physics,Astronomy, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00700 …

Full-Field Brillouin Microscopy with a Scanning Fabry-Perot Interferometer
Brillouin microscopy is an emerging optical technique for probing mechanical properties with submicron resolution, offering fully non-contact, label-free operation. Despite its unique capabilities, broader adoption has been limited by slow acquisition speeds, particularly in systems based on scanning Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs). Based on prior implementations, FPIs have typically been considered too slow for practical imaging, particularly when both spatial and spectral precision are req…

A Python Interface for Numerical Relativity Program AMSS-NCKU
Chen-Kai Qiao, Yi Zheng, Zhou-Jian Cao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21652 https://arxiv.org/pdf…

A Python Interface for Numerical Relativity Program AMSS-NCKU
Numerical relativity has produced wide-ranging influences on modern astrophysics and gravitational-wave astronomy. In this work, we develop a Python interface for the numerical relativity program AMSS-NCKU, which enables the automation of initializing and starting the AMSS-NCKU simulations and the automatically generating visualizations of the output results. Numerical relativity simulations using this Python interface have been presented through two representative examples (binary back hole an…

An improved algorithm for separating clock delays from ionospheric effects in radio astronomy
C. M. Cordun, M. A. Brentjens, H. K. Vedantham, M. Mevius
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01371

An improved algorithm for separating clock delays from ionospheric effects in radio astronomy
Context: Low-frequency radio observations are heavily impacted by the ionosphere, where dispersive delays can outpace even instrumental clock offsets, posing a serious calibration challenge. Especially below 100 MHz, phase unwrapping difficulties and higher-order dispersion effects can complicate the separation of ionospheric and clock delays. Aims: We address this challenge by introducing a method for reliably separating clock delays from ionospheric effects, even under mediocre to poor ionosp…

Deep Learning Reconstruction on Crab LST-1 Data
Bastien Lacave, Tjark Miener, Alexander Cervi\~no
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.24499 https://arxiv.org/pdf/25…

Deep Learning Reconstruction on Crab LST-1 Data
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is the next-generation ground-based observatory for very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy. The Large-Sized Telescope prototype, LST-1, located on the Canary Island of La Palma, is responsible for observation of the low-energy range of the VHE gamma-ray spectrum. It is undergoing commissioning and has already observed the Crab Nebula as a standard reference source. Accurate reconstruction of shower parameters (e.g. energy, direction, and part…

SHAPE. I. A SOM-SED hybrid approach for efficient galaxy parameter estimation leveraging JWST
Zihao Wang, Tao Wang, Ke Xu, Hanwen Sun, Ruining Tian, Qi Hao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00187

SHAPE. I. A SOM-SED hybrid approach for efficient galaxy parameter estimation leveraging JWST
With the launch and application of next-generation ground- and space-based telescopes, astronomy has entered the era of big data, necessitating more efficient and robust data analysis methods. Most traditional parameter estimation methods are unable to reconcile differences between photometric systems. Ideally, we would like to optimally rely on high-quality observation data provided by, e.g., JWST, for calibrating and improving upcoming wide-field surveys such as the China Space Station Telesc…

Great darkness is coming ... huge #sunspots galore rotating onto the disk now as in https://jsoc1.stanford.edu/data/hmi/images/latest/HMI_latest_Int_4096x4096.gif from 25 minutes ago. We knew what was in store: https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10236046194988615 and https://www.spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=26&month=11&year=2025 - Perseverance on Mars has a view of the 'far side' right now and saw the groups a few days ago with its non-astronomy camera.

Likelihood-free inference for gravitational-wave data analysis and public alerts
Ethan Marx, Deep Chatterjee, Malina Desai, Ravi Kumar, William Benoit, Argyro Sasli, Leo Singer, Michael W. Coughlin, Philip Harris, Erik Katsavounidis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22561

Likelihood-free inference for gravitational-wave data analysis and public alerts
Rapid and reliable detection and dissemination of source parameter estimation data products from gravitational-wave events, especially sky localization, is critical for maximizing the potential of multi-messenger astronomy. Machine learning based detection and parameter estimation algorithms are emerging as production ready alternatives to traditional approaches. Here, we report validation studies of AMPLFI, a likelihood-free inference solution to low-latency parameter estimation of binary blac…

AstroMMBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Multimodal Large Language Models Capabilities in Astronomy
Jinghang Shi, Xiao Yu Tang, Yang Hunag, Yuyang Li, Xiaokong, Yanxia Zhang, Caizhan Yue
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00063

AstroMMBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Multimodal Large Language Models Capabilities in Astronomy
Astronomical image interpretation presents a significant challenge for applying multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to specialized scientific tasks. Existing benchmarks focus on general multimodal capabilities but fail to capture the complexity of astronomical data. To bridge this gap, we introduce AstroMMBench, the first comprehensive benchmark designed to evaluate MLLMs in astronomical image understanding. AstroMMBench comprises 621 multiple-choice questions across six astrophysical subf…

Using SOFIA's EXES to search for C$_6$H$_2$ and C$_4$N$_2$ in Titan's atmosphere
Zachary C. McQueen, Conor A. Nixon, Curtis de Witt, V\'eronique Vuitton, Panayotis Lavvas, Juan Alday, Nicholas A. Teanby, Joseph Penn, Antoine Jolly, Patrick G. J. Irwin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.19127

Using SOFIA's EXES to search for C$_6$H$_2$ and C$_4$N$_2$ in Titan's atmosphere
In Titan's atmosphere, the chemistry of small hydrocarbons and nitriles represent an important link from molecular species to the ubiquitous organic haze that gives Titan its characteristic yellow color. Here we present a new search for two previously undetected molecules, triacetylene (C$_{6}$H$_{2}$) and the gas phase dicyanoacetylene (C$_{4}$N$_{2}$), using the Echelon-Cross-Echelle Spectrograph (EXES) instrument aboard the SOFIA (Stratospheric Observatory For Infrared Astronomy) aircraft. W…

Unveiling ignis fatuus - #Microlightning between microbubbles: https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.2521255122 -> New theory may at last explain a swamp’s ghostly will-o’-the-wisps: https://www.snexplores.org/article/swamp-gas-methane-will-o-wisp-chemistry = https://www.sciencenews.org/article/spark-will-o-the-wisps - methane bubbles spark tiny zaps of electricity that may ignite cool flames of the gas. (Has nothing - obvious, at least - to do with astronomy ... but fun nonetheless.)

Der Stern von Bethlehem -- Einige Theorien und Hintergruende: Von der altorientalischen Astrologie ueber Kepler zu Newton
Stephan F. Huckemann
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15387 h…

Der Stern von Bethlehem -- Einige Theorien und Hintergruende: Von der altorientalischen Astrologie ueber Kepler zu Newton
Many have have taken in hand to write a treatise on the Star of Bethlehem, particularly on Kepler's explanation as a stellar birth, triggered by Mars joining a great conjunction (a meeting of Jupiter and Saturn), as he observed it in October 1604. It is the aim of my short treatise to introduce, at a hopefully well digestible level, into underlying antiquity's concepts of physics, astrology, and astronomy around the time of Christ's birth and to demonstrate their essential developments up to th…

FIELDMAPS Data Release: Far-Infrared Polarization in the "Bones" of the Milky Way
Simon Coud\'e, Ian W. Stephens, Philip C. Myers, Nicole Karnath, Howard A. Smith, Andr\'es Guzm\'an, Jessy Marin, Catherine Zucker, B-G. Andersson, Zhi-Yun Li, Leslie W. Looney, Giles Novak, Thushara G. S. Pillai, Sarah I. Sadavoy, Patricio Sanhueza, Archana Soam

FIELDMAPS Data Release: Far-Infrared Polarization in the "Bones" of the Milky Way
Polarization observations of the Milky Way and many other spiral galaxies have found a close correspondence between the orientation of spiral arms and magnetic field lines on scales of hundreds of parsecs. This paper presents polarization measurements at 214 $μ$m toward ten filamentary candidate ``bones" in the Milky Way using the High-resolution Airborne Wide-band Camera (HAWC+) on the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). These data were taken as part of the Filaments Ext…

An Educational Guide for 2D Stellar Structure Calculations of Rapidly Rotating Stars using the ESTER code
Russel White, Jane Pratt, Michel Rieutord
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20264

An Educational Guide for 2D Stellar Structure Calculations of Rapidly Rotating Stars using the ESTER code
The Evolution STEllaire en Rotation (ESTER) code is the first 2D stellar structure code to be made open-source and freely available to the astronomy and astrophysics community. An important and novel advancement of this code is that it can reproduce the distorted shape and observable signatures (e.g., gravity darkening) of rapidly rotating stars. ESTER also calculates the steady-state large-scale flows within the star, namely their differential rotation and associated meridional circulation. In…

A new era for multi-wavelength studies of blazars with Rubin and the CTAO
Julian Hamo, Jonathan Biteau, Julien Peloton
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21109 https://

A new era for multi-wavelength studies of blazars with Rubin and the CTAO
Both the Rubin Observatory and the first telescopes of the CTAO will be collecting data by 2026, marking a new era in optical and gamma-ray astronomy. Compared to predecessors, their enhanced sensitivity will extend extragalactic observations to a redshift of at least 2.5. This advancement offers insights into non-thermal astrophysical sources, particularly blazars. The 3-night cadence monitoring with Rubin, in one of its six filters, will produce blazar light curves that, when combined with ta…

Low-noise Fourier Transform Spectroscopy Enabled by Superconducting On-Chip Filterbank Spectrometers
Chris S. Benson, Peter S. Barry, Patrick Ashworth, Harry Gordon-Moys, Kirit S. Karkare, Izaak Morris, Gethin Robson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06771

Low-noise Fourier Transform Spectroscopy Enabled by Superconducting On-Chip Filterbank Spectrometers
Historically employed spectroscopic architectures used for large field of view mapping spectroscopy in millimetere and sub-millimetre astronomy suffer from significant drawbacks. On-chip filterbank spectrometers are a promising technology in this respect; however, they must overcome an orders-of-magnitude increase in detector counts, efficiency loss due to dielectric properties, and stringent fabrication tolerances that currently limit scaling to resolutions of order 1000 over a large array. We…

Metastable helium in the thermosphere
S. R. Kulkarni
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14499 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.14499

Metastable helium in the thermosphere
SPHEREx, a recently launched astronomy mission, detected a bright 1.083 micron emission feature in the commissioning data. The PI group attributed this feature to the He I 1.0833 micron triplet line. Here, I review the physics and aeronomy of this well-known line of atmospheric origin. SPHEREx is in a dawn-dusk sun-synchronous polar orbit, circling the earth nearly 15 times a day and observing close to the terminator plane. With a height of 650 km, SPHEREx is located in the upper thermosphere t…

Interpreting anomaly detection of SDSS spectra
Edgar Ortiz Manrique, M\'ed\'eric Boquien
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05235 https://arxiv.org/pdf/251…

Interpreting anomaly detection of SDSS spectra
The increasing use of ML in astronomy introduces important questions about interpretability. Due to their complexity and non-linear nature, it can be challenging to understand their decision-making process. While these models can effectively identify unusual spectra, interpreting the physical nature of the flagged outliers remains a major challenge. We aim to bridge the gap between anomaly detection and physical understanding by combining deep learning with interpretable ML (iML) techniques to …

Performance of LACT Array: Instrument Response Functions and Source Prospects
Zhipeng Zhang, Ruizhi Yang, Shoushan Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20694 https://

Performance of LACT Array: Instrument Response Functions and Source Prospects
Large Array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (LACT) is an array of 32 Cherenkov telescopes with 6-meter diameter mirrors to be constructed at the LHAASO site, aiming to enhance our understanding of ultra-high energy gamma ray astronomy. This work presents a detailed performance assessment of the LACT array, focusing on the IRFs for both an 8-telescope subarray configuration optimized for large zenith angle observations (60°) and the full 32-telescope array, with a particular emphasis…

Crosslisted article(s) found for astro-ph.IM. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.IM/new
[1/1]:
- Inspiring stories from women in astronomy in Africa
Muheki, Povi\'c, Saad, Mbaye, McBride, Frimpong, Guennoun, team

Infall and Disk Processes - the Message from Meteorites
Fran\c{c}ois L. H. Tissot, Christoph Burkhardt, Aleksandra Kuznetsova, Andreas Pack, Martin Schiller, Fridolin Spitzer, Elishevah M. M. E. Van Kooten, Teng Ee Yap
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14539

Infall and Disk Processes - the Message from Meteorites
How do planetary systems, in general, and our own Solar System (SS), in particular, form? In conjunction, Astronomy and Isotope Cosmochemistry provide us with powerful tools to answer this age-old question. In this contribution, we review recent advances in our understanding of circumstellar disk evolution, including infall and disk processes, as explored through astrophysical models and nucleosynthetic isotope anomalies of SS materials. Astronomically, filamentary structures and anisotropy a…

Star Formation under a Cosmic Microscope: Highly magnified z = 11 galaxy behind the Bullet Cluster
Maru\v{s}a Brada\v{c} (University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of California, Davis, Department of Physics and Astronomy), Jon Jude\v{z} (University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics), Chris Willott (NRC Herzberg), Gregor Rihtar\v{s}i\v{c} (University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics), Nicholas S. Martis (University of Ljublja…

Star Formation under a Cosmic Microscope: Highly magnified z = 11 galaxy behind the Bullet Cluster
We present measurements of stellar population properties of a newly discovered spectroscopically confirmed $z=11.10^{+0.11}_{-0.26}$, gravitationally lensed galaxy, using JWST NIRSpec PRISM spectroscopy and NIRCam imaging. The arc is highly magnified by the Bullet Cluster (magnification factor $μ=14.0^{+6.2}_{-0.3}$. It contains three star-forming components of which one is barely resolved and two are unresolved, giving intrinsic sizes of $\lesssim 10pc$. The clumps also contain ~50% of the to…

Report on LEO satellite impacts on ground-based optical astronomy for the Rubin Observatory LSST
Phanindra Kandula, Lee Kelvin, Erfan Nourbakhsh, Daniel Polin, Tom Prince, Meredith Rawls, Adam Snyder, Brianna Smart, Christopher Stubbs, Anthony Tyson, Zeljko Ivezic, Craig Lage, Clare Saunders
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.19758

Report on LEO satellite impacts on ground-based optical astronomy for the Rubin Observatory LSST
In August 2025 a workshop was convened to bring together experts to better understand steps that can be taken to mitigate the impact of satellite constellations on astronomical observations. At the time, just over 12,000 operational satellites were in low-Earth orbit (LEO). Although reflected sunlight and emissions all across the electromagnetic spectrum from artificial satellites impact scientific observations and the sky, the workshop focused on reflected sunlight in the wavelength range 330 …

Explaining the Origin of TeV Gamma Rays from M87 During High and Low States
Nibedita Mondal, Sandeep Kumar Mondal, Nayantara Gupta
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21314 https://

Explaining the Origin of TeV Gamma Rays from M87 During High and Low States
The detection of very high-energy gamma-rays from M87 can provide crucial insights into particle acceleration and radiation mechanisms in jets. The recent observations by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) detector extend the energy range of TeV gamma-ray astronomy, and also the variability study to the TeV energy domain. We have modelled the low state and flare state multi-wavelength spectral energy distributions of M87 within a time-dependent framework. In our model, the …

0.3-to-1.5-GHz LNA with Wideband Noise and Power Matching for Radio Astronomy
Mark Lai, Vincent MacKay, Dallas Wulf, Peter Shmerko, Leonid Belostotski
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17242

0.3-to-1.5-GHz LNA with Wideband Noise and Power Matching for Radio Astronomy
This paper presents a low-noise amplifier (LNA) that was developed for a new radio telescope comprised of 512 parabolic dish antennas. The LNA closely interfaces to a custom-made antenna feed with an impedance co-designed to provide noise matching over a 5:1 bandwidth. Additionally, a method of broadband noise and power matching that allows the input impedance to be controlled independently from the optimum signal-source impedance to achieve minimum noise is also discussed. When measured in a 5…

The Platonic Universe: Do Foundation Models See the Same Sky?
UniverseTBD, :, Kshitij Duraphe, Michael J. Smith, Shashwat Sourav, John F. Wu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.19453 ht…

The Platonic Universe: Do Foundation Models See the Same Sky?
We test the Platonic Representation Hypothesis (PRH) in astronomy by measuring representational convergence across a range of foundation models trained on different data types. Using spectroscopic and imaging observations from JWST, HSC, Legacy Survey, and DESI, we compare representations from vision transformers, self-supervised models, and astronomy-specific architectures via mutual $k$-nearest neighbour analysis. We observe consistent scaling: representational alignment generally increases w…

Abundance anomalies in low mass field mergers as evidence of a merger origin for the second generation stars in globular clusters
Valery Kravtsov (Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia), Sami Dib (Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Germany), Francisco A. Calderon (Departamento de Fisica, Unuversidad Catolica del Norte, Chile)

Abundance anomalies in low mass field mergers as evidence of a merger origin for the second generation stars in globular clusters
The canonical formation of second-generation (G2) stars in globular clusters (GCs) from gas enriched and ejected by G1 (primordial) polluters faces substantial challenges, i.e. (i) a mass-budget problem and (ii) uncertainty in the source(s) of the abundance anomaly of light elements (AALE) in G2 stars. The merger of G1 low-mass main-sequence (MS) binaries can overcome (i), but its ability to result in AALE is omitted. We provide evidence of the merger process to explain AALE by relying on highl…

TES Bolometer Design and Testing for the Tomographic Ionized-carbon Mapping Experiment Millimeter Array
Victoria L. Butler, James J. Bock, Dongwoo T. Chung, Abigail T. Crites, King Lau, Ian Lowe, Dan P. Marrone, Evan C. Mayer, Benjamin J. Vaughan, Michael Zemcov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02459

TES Bolometer Design and Testing for the Tomographic Ionized-carbon Mapping Experiment Millimeter Array
Transition Edge Sensor (TES) bolometers are a well-established technology with a strong track record in experimental cosmology, making them ideal for current and future radio astronomy instruments. The Tomographic Ionized-carbon Mapping Experiment (TIME), in collaboration with JPL, has developed advanced silicon nitride leg isolated superconducting titanium detectors for 200 to 300 GHz observations of the Epoch of Reionization. Compared to their MHz counterparts, bolometers operating in this fr…

A multiwavelength study of the new Galactic center black hole candidate MAXI J1744-294
Shifra Mandel (Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory), Kaya Mori (Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory), Anna Ciurlo (UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy), Paul A. Draghis (MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research), Noa Grollimund (Universit\'e Paris Cit\'e, Universit\'e Paris-Saclay), Gaurava K. Jaisawal (DTU Space, Technical University of Denmark), Chichuan Jin (National Astr…

A multiwavelength study of the new Galactic center black hole candidate MAXI J1744-294
For the first time in nearly a decade, a new, bright transient was detected in the central parsec (pc) of the Galaxy. MAXI J1744-294 was never observed in outburst prior to January 2025. We present the results of a broadband, multi-wavelength study of this enigmatic source, including data from the NuSTAR, Chandra, XMM-Newton, Swift, and NICER X-ray telescopes, as well as complementary radio and near-infrared observations. We find that MAXI J1744-294 remained in the bright/soft state throughout …

Cross-Polarization Reduction in Kinetic Inductance Detectors Based on Quasi-Lumped Resonators
Victor Rollano, Martino Calvo, Alejandro Pascual Laguna, David Rodriguez, Maria Teresa Magaz, Beatriz Aja, Luisa de la Fuente, Daniel Granados, Alessandro Monfardini, Alicia Gomez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01882

Cross-Polarization Reduction in Kinetic Inductance Detectors Based on Quasi-Lumped Resonators
Kinetic Inductance Detectors (KIDs) have emerged as a leading technology for millimeter- and submillimeter-wave astronomy due to their high sensitivity, natural multiplexing capabilities and scalable fabrication. In polarization-sensitive applications-such as Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) studies-cross-polarization, or unintended response to the orthogonal polarization, poses a significant limitation to measurement fidelity. This work investigates the origin of cross-polarization in meander…

FITrig: A High-Performance Detection Technique for Efficient Ultra-Long-Period Pulsars
X. Li, K. Adamek, W. Armour
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21754 https://

FITrig: A High-Performance Detection Technique for Efficient Ultra-Long-Period Pulsars
Ultra-long-period (ULP) pulsars, a newly identified class of celestial transients, offer unique insights into astrophysics, though very few have been detected to date. In radio astronomy, most time-domain detection methods cannot find these pulsars, and current image-based detection approaches still face challenges, including low sensitivity, high false positive rate, and low computational efficiency. In this article, we develop Fast Imaging Trigger (FITrig), a GPU-accelerated, statistics-based…

GroundBIRD Telescope: Systematics Modelization of MKID Arrays Response
Yonggil Jo, Alessandro Fasano, Eunil Won, Makoto Hattori, Shunsuke Honda, Chiko Otani, Junya Suzuki, Mike Peel, Kenichi Karatsu, Ricardo G\'enova-Santos, Miku Tsujii
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20285

GroundBIRD Telescope: Systematics Modelization of MKID Arrays Response
Kinetic inductance detectors are widely used in millimeter- and submillimeter-wave astronomy, benefiting from their fast response and relative ease of fabrication. The GroundBIRD telescope employs microwave kinetic inductance detectors at 145 and 220 GHz to observe the cosmic microwave background. As a ground-based telescope, it is subject to inherent environmental systematics, namely atmospheric emission and thermal fluctuations of the focal plane temperature. This study models resonance frequ…