Tootfinder

Diffuse emission from stochastic sources
Anton Stall, Philipp Mertsch
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14776 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.14776

Diffuse emission from stochastic sources
Diffuse emission in gamma-rays and neutrinos are produced by the interaction of cosmic rays with the interstellar medium. Below some hundreds of TeV, the sources of these cosmic rays are most likely Galactic. Hence, observations of high-energy gamma-rays and neutrinos can be used to probe the flux of cosmic rays in other parts of the Galaxy. Supernova remnants are usually considered as the prime candidate for the acceleration of Galactic cosmic rays. They inject cosmic rays in a point-like and …

High-Energy Neutrinos from Cosmic-Ray Scatterings with Supernova Neutrinos
Gonzalo Herrera, Shunsaku Horiuchi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11891 https://arxi…

High-Energy Neutrinos from Cosmic-Ray Scatterings with Supernova Neutrinos
Cosmic rays scattering with neutrinos produced in supernovae induce a flux of supernova neutrinos boosted to high energies. We calculate the neutrino flux arising from this new mechanism in environments with large cosmic-ray and supernova densities, such as some Active Galactic Nuclei. Under plausible astrophysical conditions, this flux may be detectable with high-energy neutrino telescopes, just considering the proton-neutrino scattering cross section expected in the Standard Model. Furthermor…

Parameter sensitivity of cosmic pairwise velocities in the non-linear regime of structure formation
Jorge Enrique Garc\'ia-Farieta, H\'ector J. Hort\'ua
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15223

Parameter sensitivity of cosmic pairwise velocities in the non-linear regime of structure formation
The peculiar velocities of dark matter tracers drive the growth of cosmic structures, providing a sensitive test of cosmological models and strengthening constraints on the nature of dark energy. In this work, we investigate the mean pairwise velocities, $v_{12}$, of dark matter tracers as a cosmological probe in the non-linear regime of cosmic structure formation. Using N-body dark matter-only simulations, we measure $v_{12}$ for pair separations up to 50 $h^{-1}$Mpc and model it by solving th…

An empirical determination of the Cosmic Shoreline
Pedro Meni-Gallardo, Enric Pall\'e
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12865 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.12865…

An empirical determination of the Cosmic Shoreline
The Cosmic Shoreline concept was introduced as a way to separate planets with and without atmosphere, based on the relationship between the cumulative instellation and the escape velocity observed in the Solar System. The exoplanet community has tried to refine the way we understand the cosmic shoreline in order to provide a consistent tool for establishing the hierarchy for exoplanet observations. This is particularly relevant when trying to unveil small exoplanet atmospheres with the JWST or …

SMILES Data Release II: Probing Galaxy Evolution during Cosmic Noon and Beyond with NIRSpec Medium-Resolution Spectra
Yongda Zhu, Nina Bonaventura, Yang Sun, George H. Rieke, Stacey Alberts, Jianwei Lyu, Jane E. Morrison, Zhiyuan Ji, Eiichi Egami, Jakob M. Helton, Marcia J. Rieke, Pierluigi Rinaldi, Fengwu Sun, Christopher N. A. Willmer
https://

SMILES Data Release II: Probing Galaxy Evolution during Cosmic Noon and Beyond with NIRSpec Medium-Resolution Spectra
We present the second data release of the Systematic Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) Legacy Extragalactic Survey (SMILES), focusing on JWST/NIRSpec medium-resolution spectroscopy of galaxies across cosmic time. This release includes spectroscopic observations of 166 galaxies spanning $0 < z < 7.5$, sampling star-forming galaxies, quiescent systems, and active galactic nuclei (AGN), with an emphasis on galaxies at cosmic noon ($z \sim 1$-3). We describe the target selection strategy, the observat…

A Neural-Network Framework for Tracking and Identification of Cosmic-Ray Nuclei in the RadMap Telescope
Luise Meyer-Hetling, Martin J. Losekamm, Stephan Paul, Thomas P\"oschl
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12708

A Neural-Network Framework for Tracking and Identification of Cosmic-Ray Nuclei in the RadMap Telescope
We present a neural-network framework designed to reconstruct the properties of cosmic-ray nuclei traversing the scintillating-fiber tracking calorimeter of the RadMap Telescope. Employing the Geant4 simulation toolkit and a simplified model of the detector to generate training and test data, we achieve the spectroscopic capabilities required for an accurate determination of the biologically relevant dose that astronauts receive in space. We can reconstruct a particle's trajectory with an angul…

A coincidence of such cosmic proportions has just occurred that I can't quite get my head round it. Yesterday I was reading the trade journal for my 'other' job and spotted, among the new members, which I always check for old friends' and colleagues' names, an unusual name that jumped out at me for no reason. Today our family business has received an enquiry from the same person. There's no way there's two people with this name. I'm blown away. Talk about worl…

Stratified wind from a super-Eddington X-ray binary is slower than expected: #XRISM uncovers a mystery in the cosmic winds of change: https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/XRISM_uncovers_a_mystery_in_the_cosmic_winds_of_change

Telescope Tilt System for the POEMMA Balloon Radio Mission
Lawrence Wiencke (for the JEM-EUSO Collaboration), James Brague (for the JEM-EUSO Collaboration), Ash Fox-Smith (for the JEM-EUSO Collaboration), Auston Froid (for the JEM-EUSO Collaboration), Levi Bar-On (for the JEM-EUSO Collaboration), Stephen Meyer (for the JEM-EUSO Collaboration), Josh Moses (for the JEM-EUSO Collaboration), Ben Stillwell (for the JEM-EUSO Collaboration)

Telescope Tilt System for the POEMMA Balloon Radio Mission
The Probe of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics Balloon with Radio mission (PBR) will point above Earth's limb to measure PeV energy cosmic rays, and record star images to monitor optical focusing in situ. PBR will point below Earth's limb to search for earth-skimming neutrinos. PBR will also measure EeV energy cosmic rays by tilting as far down as the nadir direction. All of these searches will require changing and measuring the tilt angle of a single large integrated telescope and radio ant…

A 15 Mpc rotating galaxy filament at redshift z = 0.032
Madalina N. Tudorache, S. L. Jung, M. J. Jarvis, I. Heywood, A. A. Ponomareva, A. Varasteanu, N. Maddox, T. Yasin, M. Glowacki
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13053

A 15 Mpc rotating galaxy filament at redshift z = 0.032
Understanding the cold atomic hydrogen gas (HI) within cosmic filaments has the potential to pin down the relationship between the low density gas in the cosmic web and how the galaxies that lie within it grow using this material. We report the discovery of a cosmic filament using 14 HI-selected galaxies that form a very thin elongated structure of 1.7 Mpc. These galaxies are embedded within a much larger cosmic web filament, traced by optical galaxies, that spans at least $\sim 15$~Mpc. We fin…

Study of an Isolated Double-pulse Cosmic Ray Candidate Recorded with the Askaryan Radio Array
Shoukat Ali, Dave Z. Besson for ARA Collaboration
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14407 …

Study of an Isolated Double-pulse Cosmic Ray Candidate Recorded with the Askaryan Radio Array
The radio-frequency emissions produced by particle showers on Earth, resulting from cosmic rays (CRs) and ultra-high energy neutrinos (UHE-$ν$) originating from astrophysical sources share significant similarities, enabling radio detectors initially designed for UHE-$ν$ searches to also study CRs. The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA), an experiment currently operating within the ice at the South Pole, is primarily designed to detect UHE-$ν$s. To date, ARA has deployed five stations, with each stat…

How the cosmic voids contribute to stalling and quenching the giant galaxies on their surfaces
Geonwoo Kang (Seoul National University), Jounghun Lee (Seoul National University)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12283

How the cosmic voids contribute to stalling and quenching the giant galaxies on their surfaces
We report a numerical discovery that the formations of cosmic voids are closely linked with the mechanism through which the giant galaxies on void surfaces establish elliptical shapes, redder colors, and lower sSFR. Identifying the voids from the TNG300-1 simulations via the Void-Finder algorithm, we explore if and how the shapes of the TNG galaxies located on void surfaces are aligned with the directions toward the void centers. Noting that only the giant void-surface galaxies with stellar mas…

4K psytrance visuals feel like riding cosmic waves through fractal dimensions, perfect for melting into the trip!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3lKTBWwr6Y
Especially 8K!

🇺🇦 #NowPlaying on #BBC6Music's #6MusicArtistCollection
Florence The Machine:
🎵 Cosmic Love (Alexandra Palace 2012)
#Florence TheMachine
https://nightlifehardstyle.bandcamp.com/track/florence-the-machine-cosmic-love-nightlife-bootleg-mix
https://open.spotify.com/track/1myEOhXztRxUVfaAEQiKkU

Prospects for Deep-Learning-Based Mass Reconstruction of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays using Simulated Air-Shower Profiles
Zhouyi Wang, Eric Mayotte, Sonja Mayotte, Nathan Woo, Julia Burton-Heibges, Nicolas San Martin, Cailyn Smith
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13933

Prospects for Deep-Learning-Based Mass Reconstruction of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays using Simulated Air-Shower Profiles
Knowledge of the mass composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) is crucial to understanding their origins; however, current approaches have limited event-by-event resolution due to high intrinsic fluctuations of variables like $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ and $N_μ$. With fluorescence telescope measurements of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ in particular, there are opportunities to improve this situation by leveraging more information from the longitudinal shower development profile beyond just the depth …

Cosmic-ray impact on optical and mid-infrared emission line diagnostics in NGC 5728
E. Koutsoumpou, J. A. Fern\'andez-Ontiveros, K. M. Dasyra, L. Spinoglio
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14328

Cosmic-ray impact on optical and mid-infrared emission line diagnostics in NGC 5728
Cosmic rays (CRs), from active galactic nuclei (AGN) jets and supernovae (SNe), serve as a significant feedback mechanism influencing emission lines in narrow line region (NLR) clouds. These highly energetic particles, propelled by shocks, heat the interstellar medium (ISM) and modify its chemical composition. This study investigates the role of CRs, particularly in their ability to excite gas and align with observed line ratios across UV and optical diagnostics. We employ CLOUDY to explore CR …

Emergent Turbulence in Nonlinear Gravity
Sizheng Ma, Luis Lehner, Huan Yang, Lawrence E. Kidder, Harald P. Pfeiffer, Mark A. Scheel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13294 https://

Emergent Turbulence in Nonlinear Gravity
Gravity in nonlinear and dynamical regimes underpins spectacular astrophysical phenomena and observable consequences, from the early universe to black hole collisions. In these extreme environments, inverse energy cascades - mediated by nonlinear interactions - may help explain the near scale-invariance of cosmic structure and the simplicity of gravitational waves from binary black hole mergers. Yet the presence, characteristics, and generality of such interactions in full General Relativity re…

Replaced article(s) found for hep-ex. https://arxiv.org/list/hep-ex/new
[1/1]:
- Efficient cosmic ray generator for particle detector simulations
David D\'iez Ib\'a\~nez, Luis Obis Aparicio

CosmicWatch: The Desktop Muon Detector(v3X)
Spencer Axani, Masooma Sarfraz, Miles Garcia, Collin Owens, Katarzyna Frankiewicz, Janet M. Conrad
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12111 h…

CosmicWatch: The Desktop Muon Detector(v3X)
The CosmicWatch Desktop Muon Detector (v3X) is a compact, low-cost, and portable device designed for detecting ionizing radiation, including cosmic-ray muons. Building on previous iterations, the v3X introduces significant hardware and firmware improvements that enhance sensitivity, usability, and data acquisition capabilities. The detector integrates a plastic scintillator and silicon photomultiplier (SiPM), custom designed electronics for signal processing, onboard data storage, OLED display,…

Cosmic Birefringence from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Data Release 6
P. Diego-Palazuelos, E. Komatsu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13654 https://arxiv.org…

Cosmic Birefringence from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Data Release 6
The polarized light of the cosmic microwave background is sensitive to new physics that violates parity symmetry. For example, the interaction of photons with the fields of elusive dark matter and dark energy could cause a uniform rotation of the plane of linear polarization across the sky, an effect known as cosmic birefringence. We extract the cosmological rotation angle, $β$, using Bayesian analysis of parity-violating correlations, $EB$ and $TB$, of polarization data from the Atacama Cosmo…

🍇 The universe's secret harvest: Shedding light on 'the cosmic grapes'
#astronomy

The universe's secret harvest: Shedding light on 'the cosmic grapes'
Astronomers have discovered a remarkably clumpy rotating galaxy that existed just 900 million years after the Big Bang, shedding new light on how galaxies grew and evolved in the early universe. Nicknamed the "Cosmic Grapes," the galaxy appears to be composed of at least 15 massive star-forming clumps—far more than current theoretical models predict could exist within a single rotating disk at this early time.

AI-Assisted Geometric Analysis of Cultured Neuronal Networks: Parallels with the Cosmic Web
Wolfgang Kurz, Danny Baranes
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10286 https://

AI-Assisted Geometric Analysis of Cultured Neuronal Networks: Parallels with the Cosmic Web
Building on evidence of structural parallels between brain networks and the cosmic web [1], we apply AI-based geometric analysis to cultured neuronal networks. Isolated neurons self-organize into dendritic lattices shaped by reproducible wiring rules. These lattices show non-random features-frequent dendritic convergence, hub nodes, small-world connectivity, and large voids. Synaptic contacts cluster and strengthen at hubs. Strikingly, these properties mirror the cosmic web: dendritic branches …

Letter from the trenches:
Some minor things aside I could totally switch to Cosmic. A fresh whiff of air, solid, very snappy and, at heart, I'm a GTK guy. Only dealbreaker for me now: no window rules. They'll come, but at a later stage. I do expect this whole applets ecosystem to take off though. Improvement from alpha 7 to beta 1 is stellar!
NixOS has the specific feature to exclude packages from an environment, which is great for me. I don't need cosmic-edit or cosmi…

🇺🇦 #NowPlaying on KEXP's #PacificNotions
The Cosmic Tones Research Trio:
🎵 Sankofa
#TheCosmicTonesResearchTrio
https://mississippirecords.bandcamp.com/track/sankofa
https://open.spotify.com/track/45ZmCMBpgZLtQC66MEL4bc

Experience how cosmic events become streaming data in this session by Frank Munz from this year's Berlin Buzzwords. Using basic OSS technologies and running on the Databricks Lakehouse, learn how to capture and analyse supernova data from NASA satellites, use natural language to analyse data streams, and create your own map of cosmic events.
Watch the full session:

The Production Mechanism of the High-energy Emission Line in the Brightest Cosmic Burst
Jieying Liu, Jirong Mao, Shao-Lin Xiong, Yan-Qiu Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14715 h…

The Production Mechanism of the High-energy Emission Line in the Brightest Cosmic Burst
As a characteristic feature of the spectrum, the emission line carries critical information on the underlying physics of the radiation. After extensive efforts in decades, the first high-significant detection of a series of emission lines evolving from 37 MeV to 6 MeV has been detected in the ever-bright gamma-ray burst GRB 221009A. However, the physical mechanism of the entire evolutionary trend of the lines remains elusive. To provide a self-consistent interpretation, we propose a novel scena…

The Cosmic Dance: Observational Detection of Coherent Spin in Galaxy Clusters
Xiao-xiao Tang, Peng Wang, Yu Rong, Weiguang cui
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13597 https://

The Cosmic Dance: Observational Detection of Coherent Spin in Galaxy Clusters
The spin of galaxy clusters encodes key information about their formation, dynamics, and the influence of large-scale structure. However, whether clusters possess statistically significant spin and how to measure it observationally remain open questions. Here, we present the first observational statistical detection of coherent spin in galaxy clusters, by using a sample of 2,170 systems with $M > 10^{14}\, M_\odot$ selected from a publicly available group catalog based on the SDSS galaxy. Clust…

Cosmic-Quantum Connections: Assessing the Viability of Weak Gravity and Weak Cosmic Censorship Conjectures in Kerr-Newman-Kiselev-Letelier Black Hole
Saeed Noori Gashti, Behnam Pourhassan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01487

Cosmic-Quantum Connections: Assessing the Viability of Weak Gravity and Weak Cosmic Censorship Conjectures in Kerr-Newman-Kiselev-Letelier Black Hole
This paper addresses a potential validation of the weak gravity conjecture (WGC) with the weak cosmic censorship conjecture (WCCC), as a significant challenge in quantum gravity. We explore the viability of the WGC and WCCC in the context of the Kerr-Newman-Kiselev-Letelier (KNKL) black hole. Although these conjectures appear unrelated, but surprising connection between these conjectures, It establishes a bridge between the quantum and the cosmic. By imposing specific constraints on the black h…

Narrowing the discovery space of the cosmological 21-cm signal using multi-wavelength constraints
Jiten Dhandha, Anastasia Fialkov, Thomas Gessey-Jones, Harry T. J. Bevins, Sandro Tacchella, Simon Pochinda, Eloy de Lera Acedo, Saurabh Singh, Rennan Barkana
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13761

Narrowing the discovery space of the cosmological 21-cm signal using multi-wavelength constraints
The cosmic 21-cm signal is a promising probe of the early Universe, owing to its sensitivity to the thermal state of the neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) and properties of the first luminous sources. In this work, we constrain the 21-cm signal and infer IGM properties by leveraging multi-wavelength synergies. This builds on our earlier study, where we developed the synergy between high-redshift UV luminosity functions (UVLFs), cosmic X-ray and radio backgrounds (CXB and CRB), 21-cm global sig…

Importance of Shot Noise in the Search for an Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background with Next Generation Detectors
Haowen Zhong, Vuk Mandic
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15014

Importance of Shot Noise in the Search for an Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background with Next Generation Detectors
We investigate the impact of shot noise on the stochastic gravitational wave background generated by binary neutron star mergers, and confirm that the overall background can be significantly influenced by relatively few neighboring, loud events. To mitigate the shot noise, we propose a procedure to remove nearby events by notching them out in the time-frequency domain. Additionally, we quantify the cosmic/sample variance of the resulting background after notching, and we study the deviation bet…

Crosslisted article(s) found for astro-ph.EP. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.EP/new
[1/1]:
- The cosmic journey of dust grains - from nucleation to planetary system
Kira Lund, Anders Johansen, Oscar Agertz

Good article. New physics experiments concerning "cosmic entropy", dark matter, and information theory will be coming up. (Is gravity an emergent phenomenon?)
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2488701-is-gravity-a-new-…

Is gravity a new type of force that arises from cosmic entropy?
Decades ago, a renegade physicist suggested that gravity isn't so much a force as just a byproduct of the universe's tendency to get more disordered. Now this idea might finally be testable

A Robust Modular Quantum Processor
Ramesh Bhandari
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13269 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.13269

A Robust Modular Quantum Processor
We explore the concept of redundancy of critical elements in a quantum computing architecture to circumvent disruption of quantum operations due to a failure of such an element, for example, from a catastrophic cosmic ray event. We illustrate this concept with reference to a recently proposed superconducting modular quantum architecture with a star-like configuration, which has a router at the center that enables superconducting qubit interactions across various modules. Regarding this router a…

New Tests of Low-Scale Quantum Gravity with Cosmic-Ray Collisions
Manuel Ettengruber, Gonzalo Herrera
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11879 https://arxiv.org/pd…

New Tests of Low-Scale Quantum Gravity with Cosmic-Ray Collisions
Cosmic ray collisions at high center of mass energy could enable graviton and black hole production as expected in theories of low-scale quantum gravity, such as extra-dimensions, many species, or some versions of string theory. Here we propose three novel phenomenological tests of these theories. We first consider the collision of cosmic rays with ambient protons, electrons and photons in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), finding that high-energy neutrino data from the blazar TXS 0506+056 places a…

Happy Cosmic Orange day to all who celebrate!

Scheduling follow-up observations of energetic transients with the neutrino target scheduler (NuTS)
Tobias Heibges, Claire Gu\'epin, Luke Kupari, Hannah Wistrand, Randy Lahm, Johannes Eser, Mary Hall Reno, Tonia M. Venters, Lawrence Wiencke
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13844

Scheduling follow-up observations of energetic transients with the neutrino target scheduler (NuTS)
Space missions offer unique opportunities for studying ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic rays and neutrinos by leveraging secondary emissions generated by extensive air showers (EAS) resulting from their interactions with the atmosphere or Earth's crust. Detecting UHE neutrinos associated with transient sources holds great potential for unraveling the origins of UHE cosmic rays and the physical processes driving their production. Stratospheric balloon missions, illustrated recently by the Extreme …

The cosmic journey of dust grains - from nucleation to planetary system
Kira Lund, Anders Johansen, Oscar Agertz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14325 https://a…

The cosmic journey of dust grains - from nucleation to planetary system
Dust is essential to the evolution of galaxies and drives the formation of planetary systems. The challenge of inferring the origin of different presolar dust grains from meteoritic samples motivates forward modelling to understand the contributions of low- and high-mass stars to dust in our Solar System. In this work we follow the evolution of dust with tracer particles within a hydrodynamical simulation of a Milky Way-like isolated disc galaxy. We find that nearly half of the grains released …

Performance evaluation of compact plastic scintillating fiber modules for muon tomography applications
Yiyue Li, Huiling Li, Hui Liang, Cong Liu, Chenghan Lv, Hongbo Wang, Weiwei Xu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14674

Performance evaluation of compact plastic scintillating fiber modules for muon tomography applications
Muon tomography is a non-destructive imaging technique that exploits cosmic-ray muons from multiple directions. Its performance critically relies on stable, large-area, and high-resolution position-sensitive detectors. In this work, we report on the development of four compact scintillating fiber modules, each 100 cm long and composed of two staggered layers of 1 mm diameter fibers. The fibres are read out at one end by one-dimensional silicon photomultiplier arrays with a 2 mm pitch, coupled t…

The Mass of Cosmic Rays of Ultra High Energy
A A Watson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11378 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.11378

The Mass of Cosmic Rays of Ultra High Energy
A review of several analyses is presented that forces the conclusion that the mass composition of the highest-energy cosmic rays is not proton-dominated. This deduction, combined with the use of a modern hadronic interaction model, should lead to a re-evaluation of the energy spectrum reported by the Telescope Collaboration that may well bring that measurement, and the corresponding one from the Pierre Auger Observatory, into better agreement.

Mapping feedback signatures in 3C 297: A quasar-host merger at Cosmic Noon
Chetna Duggal, Christopher P. O'Dea, Stefi A. Baum, John Jiwa, Grant Tremblay, Marco Chiaberge, George Miley, Carlo Stanghellini, William Sparks
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11926

Mapping feedback signatures in 3C 297: A quasar-host merger at Cosmic Noon
We present a study of quasar host galaxy 3C 297 which is home to a powerful bent-jet radio source suggesting vigorous interaction with a dense ISM and/or jet precession. Archival HST imaging showed interestingly perturbed morphology of the host with a bright ~30 kpc arc feature, extended filamentary structure of line-emitting gas and clumpy blue excess emission co-spatial with the radio hotspots. Our VLT/SINFONI integral-field observations reveal complex, spatially-resolved Hα+[NII] emission i…

Breaking the Strings: the signatures of Cosmic String Loop Fragmentation
Pierre Auclair
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11596 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.11596…

Breaking the Strings: the signatures of Cosmic String Loop Fragmentation
We study the impact of fragmentation on the cosmic string loop number density, using an approach inspired by the three-scale model and a Boltzmann equation. We build a new formulation designed to be more amenable to numerical resolution and present two complementary numerical methods to obtain the full loop distribution including the effect of fragmentation and gravitational radiation. We show that fragmentation generically predicts a decay of the loop number density on large scales and a devia…

V Sge - Supersoft Source or Exotic Hot Binary? An X-Shooter campaign in the high state: #star is eating its cosmic twin at rate never seen before: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/news/2025/09/hungry-star-is-eating-its-cosmic-twin.page

Enhanced Cosmic-Ray Cooling in AGN from Dark Matter Deep Inelastic Scattering
Linjie Li, Chih-Ting Lu, Arvind Kumar Mishra, Liangliang Su, Lei Wu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11906

Enhanced Cosmic-Ray Cooling in AGN from Dark Matter Deep Inelastic Scattering
The diffusion of high-energy cosmic rays (CRs) through the dark matter (DM) spikes of active galactic nuclei entails significant energy loss via interactions with DM. While previous studies of sub-GeV DM have focused on elastic scattering, this process becomes insufficient at higher proton energies and DM masses. In this work, we investigate the CR-DM deep inelastic scattering (DIS) as mediated by a vector portal. We calculate the DIS contribution to the CR energy loss rate and derive stringent…

Hybrid Active-Passive Galactic Cosmic Ray Simulator: in-silico design and optimization
Luca Lunati, Enrico Pierobon, Uli Weber, Tim Wagner, Tabea Pfuhl, Marco Durante, Christoph Schuy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13171

Hybrid Active-Passive Galactic Cosmic Ray Simulator: in-silico design and optimization
High-energy heavy-ion particle accelerators have long served as a proxy for the harsh space radiation environment, enabling both fundamental life-science research and applied testing of flight components. Typically, monoenergetic high-energy heavy-ion beams are used to mimic the complex mixed radiation field encountered in low Earth orbit and beyond. However, synergistic effects arising from the spatial or temporal proximity of interactions of different radiation qualities in a mixed field cann…

I never use a software store; the cli rules for me. The Cosmic Store though adds community made applets for the desktop environment. A couple of days ago I easily added a theme to the repo. This community-contributing aspect is a bit overlooked, but it makes Cosmic stand out.
#cosmic #nixos

Dark Parton Shower Effects for Cosmic Ray Boosted Dark Matter
Zirong Chen, Shao-Feng Ge, Jinmian Li, Junle Pei, Feng Yang, Cong Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12007 https://…

Dark Parton Shower Effects for Cosmic Ray Boosted Dark Matter
We investigate the dark parton shower effects in the direct detection of cosmic-ray boosted dark matter (CRDM), focusing on a dark photon-mediated model with fermionic dark matter-electron interactions. Utilizing a Monte Carlo framework to incorporate the Sudakov form factors and kinematic dipole recoil schemes, we simulate the CRDM energy spectrum evolution under the dark sector splitting. Our results reveal a significant energy-dependent modification of the CRDM flux. For a 1 keV dark matter …

The PhD Prize at the #ag2025goerlitz meeting went to Jonah Wagenveld and a current cosmology mystery - described in ample detail in the paper Wideband continuum catalogues and a measurement of the cosmic radio dipole: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2024/10/aa50291-24/aa50291-24.html

Cosmic structure formation in massive conformal gravity
F. F. Faria, G. S. Silva
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09244 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.09244

Cosmic structure formation in massive conformal gravity
We study the evolution of matter density perturbations in the framework of massive conformal gravity (MCG). Starting from the conservation of the energy-momentum tensor, we find the continuity and Euler equations for the conformal perfect fluid that fills the MCG universe. We then obtain the perturbed MCG cosmological equations, from which we derive the equation that determines the growth of matter fluctuations in the MCG universe. The resulting growth equation shows that MCG enhances cosmic st…

Radio detection of Cosmic Rays with the IceCube Surface Array Enhancement
Megha Venugopal (for the IceCube Collaboration)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13033 https://

Radio detection of Cosmic Rays with the IceCube Surface Array Enhancement
The surface array of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, IceTop, measures cosmic rays in the PeV-EeV primary energy range. Stations comprising radio antennas and scintillation detectors will be added to enhance the existing surface detectors. A prototype station, consisting of eight scintillation detectors and three radio antennas, has been in operation in with the instrumentation in final design since the beginning of 2023. Radio signals from air showers are measured by antennas that are read-ou…

Formation of Cosmic Noon Protogalaxies via Quasar-Induced Fragmentation of a Cosmic Filament
Marko Mi\'ci\'c, Themiya Nanayakkara, Xinyu Dai, Jeremy Bailin, Miljan Kol\v{c}i\'c
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10670

Formation of Cosmic Noon Protogalaxies via Quasar-Induced Fragmentation of a Cosmic Filament
When black hole jets encounter ambient medium, they can compress the gas, trigger star formation, and create stellar clusters containing tens of thousands of stars. Here, we report a remarkable discovery of such a phenomenon that happened just 2.2 billion years after the Big Bang, during the Cosmic Noon era. Quasar SDSSJ141924.44+532315.5, powered by a one-billion-solar-mass black hole, is seen blasting a powerful jet that interacts with a hypermassive gas reservoir, creating a fascinating, clu…

Tracing correlations between galaxy properties across the Cosmic Web: An IllustrisTNG-based study
Anindita Nandi, Biswajit Pandey, Prakash Sarkar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11288

Tracing correlations between galaxy properties across the Cosmic Web: An IllustrisTNG-based study
We explore the impact of cosmic web environments on galaxy properties such as $(u-r)\,$colour, stellar mass, star formation rate, and stellar metallicity, using a stellar mass-matched sample of simulated galaxies from the IllustrisTNG simulation. We use Normalized Mutual Information (NMI) to quantify correlations among galaxy properties and apply Student's t-test to assess the statistical significance of their differences across cosmic web environments. In every case, the null hypothesis is rej…

Hybrid Active-Passive Galactic Cosmic Ray Simulator: experimental implementation and microdosimetric characterization
Enrico Pierobon, Luca Lunati, Tim Wagner, Marco Durante, Christoph Schuy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13158

Hybrid Active-Passive Galactic Cosmic Ray Simulator: experimental implementation and microdosimetric characterization
Space radiation is one of the major obstacles to space exploration. If not mitigated, radiation can interact both with biological and electronic systems, inducing damage and posing significant risk to space missions. Countermeasures can only be studied effectively with ground-based accelerators that act as a proxy for space radiation, typically with a harsher radiation field that worsen the effects of space radiation. Following an in-silico design and optimization process we have developed a ga…

Reconstruction of Energy of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays Registered with a Fluorescence Telescope: One Time Frame Might Be Enough
Mikhail Zotov (for the JEM-EUSO collaboration), Andrei Trusov (for the JEM-EUSO collaboration)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10783

Reconstruction of Energy of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays Registered with a Fluorescence Telescope: One Time Frame Might Be Enough
We address the challenge of reconstructing the energy of three ultra-high-energy cosmic rays registered with a small fluorescence telescope EUSO-TA that operated in 2015 at the site of the Telescope Array experiment in Utah, USA. Each of these events was recorded within one time frame. Conventional methods of energy reconstruction are not applicable in this case because the events do not have light curves but a single data point. As an alternative, we consider a number of approaches based on ar…

Can tell me all you want, but Slackware is awesome. Had those iso to usb issues, remember? Only with Slackware, for now. Obviously there's a standardized script for that.
Iso2usb, couldn't be more simple.
Booted into the latest Slackeroni iso, with KDE 6.5 beta on it, all good.
Last year i travelled with hyprland, sway and cosmic on Slackware, this year I'll probably bring KDE 6.5 to the party.
After thickening the plot, the fog clears 🥳
cc

Cosmic cascades: How disk substructure regulates the flow of water to inner planetary systems
Sebastiaan Krijt, Andrea Banzatti, Ke Zhang, Paola Pinilla, Till Kaeufer, Edwin A. Bergin, Colette Salyk, Klaus Pontoppidan, Geoffrey A. Blake, Feng Long, Jane Huang, Mar\'ia Jos\'e Colmenares, Joe Williams, Adrien Houge, Mayank Narang, Miguel Vioque, Michiel Lambrechts, L. Ilsedore Cleeves, Karin \"Oberg, the JDISCS collaboration

Cosmic cascades: How disk substructure regulates the flow of water to inner planetary systems
The influx of icy pebbles to the inner regions of protoplanetary disks constitutes a fundamental ingredient in most planet formation theories. The observational determination of the magnitude of this pebble flux and its dependence on disk substructure (disk gaps as pebble traps) would be a significant step forward. In this work we analyze a sample of 21 T Tauri disks (with ages $\approx 0.5{-}2\mathrm{~Myr}$) using JWST/MIRI spectra homogeneously reduced with the JDISCS pipeline and high-angula…

Studying SNR-MC interactions as galactic PeVatrons in the era of CTAO and ASTRI Mini-Array
Alan Sunny, Martina Cardillo, Antonio Tutone
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14867 https://…

Studying SNR-MC interactions as galactic PeVatrons in the era of CTAO and ASTRI Mini-Array
Supernova remnants (SNRs) are widely recognized as key accelerators of Galactic cosmic rays (CRs), supported by the detection of the characteristic pion bump in the gamma-ray spectra of several SNRs. However, the recent observation of ultra-high-energy (UHE, greater than 100 TeV) gamma-rays by LHAASO from sources such as W51 region challenges standard models, which predict CR acceleration up to PeV energies only during the early (~ 100 year) phase of SNR evolution. Given the older age of known …

Mitigating point-source contamination in CMB polarization: a Generalized Point Spread Function fitting approach
Yi-ming Wang, Wen-Zheng Chen, Yang Liu, Si-Yu Li, Hong Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12019

Mitigating point-source contamination in CMB polarization: a Generalized Point Spread Function fitting approach
Observations of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) B-mode polarization provide a way to probe primordial gravitational waves and test inflationary predictions. Extragalactic point sources become a major source of contamination after delensing and can bias estimates of the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ at the $10^{-3}$ level. We introduce Generalized Point Spread Function Fitting (GPSF), a method for removing point-source contamination in polarization maps. GPSF uses the full pixel-domain covariance…

Loop-corrected scalar potentials and late-time acceleration in f(R) gravity
M. V. Pradosh Keshav (Christ University, Bangalore), Arun Kenath (Christ University, Bangalore)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13373

Loop-corrected scalar potentials and late-time acceleration in f(R) gravity
We construct an analytic f(R) gravity model that unifies early-time inflation with late-time cosmic acceleration within a single covariant framework. At high curvature, the model reproduces a Starobinsky-like inflationary plateau, while at low curvature it asymptotes to a stable dark energy-dominated phase. In the scalar-tensor representation, this construction yields a hilltop-type potential in the Jordan frame, which maps to an exponential potential in the Einstein frame. To account for radia…

The Altered Chaplygin Model as a Model for Dark Energy
Yi-Syuan, Wu, Chuan-Jui Li, W. F. Kao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14826 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.1…

The Altered Chaplygin Model as a Model for Dark Energy
We present a scalar-field formulation of the generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG) and modified Chaplygin gas (MCG) models, in which the cosmic fluid dynamics are reproduced by canonical Lagrangians with analytically derived energy density $ρ(ϕ)$, pressure $p(ϕ)$, and scalar potential $V(ϕ)$. This framework provides a unified description of dark matter and dark energy, transitioning naturally from a matter-dominated phase at early times to a negative-pressure dark-energy phase at late times. In t…

First IACT Waveform Analysis Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks Using CTLearn
T. Miener (for the CTAO-LST project), L. Burmistrov (for the CTAO-LST project), B. Lacave (for the CTAO-LST project), A. Cervi\~no (for the CTAO-LST project)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15010

First IACT Waveform Analysis Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks Using CTLearn
Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) detect extended air showers (EASs) generated when very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays or cosmic rays interact with the Earth's atmosphere. Cherenkov photons produced during an EAS are captured by fast-imaging cameras, which record both the spatial and temporal development of the shower, along with calorimetric data. By analyzing these recordings, the properties of the original VHE particle-such as its type, energy, and direction of arrival-can be r…

Cosmic dust as a prerequisite for the formation of complex organic molecules in space?
Alexey Potapov, Kilian Pollok, Falko Langenhorst, Martin McCoustra, Robin T. Garrod
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12967

Cosmic dust as a prerequisite for the formation of complex organic molecules in space?
In cold, dense astrophysical environments dust grains are mixed with molecular ices. Chemistry in those dust/ice mixtures is determined by diffusion and reaction of molecules and radicals. However, investigations of diffusion of astrophysically relevant radicals and molecules across the surface and through the pores of cosmic dust grains and of surface reactions consequent to such diffusion is largely uncharted territory. This paper presents results of a study of a solid-state reaction of two m…

We have to move on... FreeBSD KDE is great, my various Slackware's as well but that laptop still needs...
So I relanded on AerynOS. Yes, awaiting new iso's, but you can already easily install, upgrade to CDN and new package sets and off you go. Follow the blogposts (and most of it is already automated if you do so).
This is very, very promising. Mirror speed is significantly up, new package-sets (I tried KDE and Cosmic minimal for now) are great and everything works. Even …

AugerPrime Surface Detector Electronics: requirements, verification and performance
Martina Boh\'a\v{c}ov\'a (for the Pierre Auger Collaboration)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14955

AugerPrime Surface Detector Electronics: requirements, verification and performance
The Pierre Auger Observatory has recently undergone a major upgrade, called AugerPrime, tailored to answer the current most pressing questions in the ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) detection. The AugerPrime upgrade consists of the addition, on top of each station, of a scintillator detector, to separate the muonic and electromagnetic component of the shower for better primary identification, and of a radio detector to measure the emission of air showers in 30-80 MHz range. An additional s…

Beyond the two-point correlation: constraining primordial non-gaussianity with density perturbation moments
Ethan Vislosky, Zachery Brown, Regina Demina, Edmond Chaussidon
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13381

Beyond the two-point correlation: constraining primordial non-gaussianity with density perturbation moments
Constraining primordial non-Gaussianities (PNGs) in the large-scale cosmic structure (LSS) is an important step in understanding properties of the early universe, specifically in distinguishing between different inflationary models. Measuring PNG relies on evaluating the scale-dependent correlations in the density field. New summary statistics beyond the two- and three-point correlation functions in configuration space and their Fourier-space counterparts, the power- and bi-spectrum may provide…

Building up JWST-SUSPENSE: inside-out quenching at cosmic noon from age, Fe-, and Mg-abundance gradients
Chloe M. Cheng, Martje Slob, Mariska Kriek, Aliza G. Beverage, Guillermo Barro, Rachel Bezanson, Anna de Graaff, Natascha M. F\"orster Schreiber, Brian Lorenz, Danilo Marchesini, Ignacio Mart\'in-Navarro, Adam Muzzin, Andrew B. Newman, Sedona H. Price, Katherine A. Suess, Arjen van der Wel, Jesse van de Sande, Pieter G. van Dokkum, Daniel R. Weisz

Building up JWST-SUSPENSE: inside-out quenching at cosmic noon from age, Fe-, and Mg-abundance gradients
Spatially resolved stellar populations of massive, quiescent galaxies at cosmic noon provide powerful insights into star-formation quenching and stellar mass assembly mechanisms. Previous photometric work has revealed that the cores of these galaxies are redder than their outskirts. However, spectroscopy is needed to break the age-metallicity degeneracy and uncover the driver of these colour gradients. Here, we derive age and elemental abundance gradients for 8 distant ($1.2 \lesssim z \lesssim…

Maximal GW amplitude from bubble collisions in supercooled phase transitions
Masaki Yamada
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13402 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.1340…

Maximal GW amplitude from bubble collisions in supercooled phase transitions
We extend analytic formulas for the gravitational-wave (GW) spectrum from first-order phase transitions to include cosmic expansion under the thin-wall and envelope approximations. We demonstrate that even for strongly supercooled transitions the GW amplitude is bounded from above. Moreover, the spectral shape, amplitude, and peak frequency remain largely unaffected by the details of the nucleation rate once expressed in terms of the comformal variables.

PHECT: A lightweight computation tool for pulsar halo emission
Kun Fang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13667 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.13667

PHECT: A lightweight computation tool for pulsar halo emission
$γ$-ray pulsar halos, formed by inverse Compton scattering of electrons and positrons propagating in the pulsar-surrounding interstellar medium with background photons, serve as an ideal probe for Galactic cosmic-ray propagation on small scales (typically tens of parsecs). While the associated electron and positron propagation is often modeled using homogeneous and isotropic diffusion, termed here as normal diffusion, the actual transport process is expected to be more complex. This work intro…

Probing initial isocurvature perturbation with 21cm one-point statistics
Zhenfei Qin, Hayato Shimabukuro
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14751 https://arxiv.org…

Probing initial isocurvature perturbation with 21cm one-point statistics
Isocurvature perturbations expected from multi-field inflation models can leave unique signatures in the early Universe, but remain weakly constrained, especially on small scales. In this work, we investigate the constraining power of one-point statistics (variance and skewness) of the 21cm brightness temperature during Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization, using semi-numerical simulations from 21cmFAST. We model both adiabatic and cold dark matter isocurvature modes, exploring their impac…

Atomic Observables Induced by Cosmic Fields
Sebastian Lahs, Daniel Comparat, Fiona Kirk, Benjamin Roberts
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08007 https://arxiv.or…

Atomic Observables Induced by Cosmic Fields
The existence of cosmic fields made from yet unknown light bosons is predicted in many extensions to the Standard Model. They are especially of interest as possible constituents of dark matter. To detect such light and weakly interacting fields, atomic precision measurements offer one of the most sensitive platforms. In this work, we derive which atomic observables are sensitive to what kind of cosmic field couplings. For this we consider fields that couple either through scalar, pseudoscalar, …

The ALPINE-CRISTAL-JWST survey: spatially resolved star formation relations at $z\sim5$
C. Accard, M. B\'ethermin, M. Boquien, V. Buat, L. Vallini, F. Renaud, K. Kraljic, M. Aravena, P. Cassata, E. da Cunha, P. Dam, I. de Looze, M. Dessauges-Zavadsky, Y. Dubois, A. Faisst, Y. Fudamoto, M. Ginolfi, C. Gruppioni, S. Han, R. Herrera-Camus, H. Inami, A. M. Koekemoer, B. C. Lemaux, J. Li, Y. Li, B. Mobasher, J. Molina, A. Nanni, M. Palla, F. Pozzi, M. Rela\~no, M. Romano, P. Sawant, J. …

The ALPINE-CRISTAL-JWST survey: spatially resolved star formation relations at $z\sim5$
Star formation governs galaxy evolution, shaping stellar mass assembly and gas consumption across cosmic time. The Kennicutt-Schmidt (KS) relation, linking star formation rate (SFR) and gas surface densities, is fundamental to understand star formation regulation, yet remains poorly constrained at $z > 2$ due to observational limitations and uncertainties in locally calibrated gas tracers. The [CII] $158 {\rm μm}$ line has recently emerged as a key probe of the cold ISM and star formation in t…

Effects of Matter Lagrangian in f(Q,T) Gravity: The Accelerating Cosmological Model
Rahul Bhagat, I. V. Fomin, B. Mishra
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13382 https://

Effects of Matter Lagrangian in f(Q,T) Gravity: The Accelerating Cosmological Model
We investigate the logarithmic form of $f(Q,T)$ gravity with two different choices of matter Lagrangian such as: $\mathcal{L}_m = p$ and $\mathcal{L}_m = -ρ$. The parameters of the model has been constrained using Cosmic Chronometers (CC) in combination with DES-SN5YR and Pantheon$^+$ Type Ia supernova datasets. We have observed that the deceleration parameter shows a smooth transition from deceleration to acceleration phase and the effective equation of state parameter ($ω$) approaches to $-…

Runaway stars and the Galactic supernova remnant landscape: non-thermal emission and observational evidence
Rowan Batzofin, Kathrin Egberts, Dominique M. -A. Meyer, Constantin Steppa
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12721

Runaway stars and the Galactic supernova remnant landscape: non-thermal emission and observational evidence
Context. A significant fraction (~30%) of massive stars in our Galaxy are moving supersonically through the interstellar medium, which strongly governs their location at the time they end their lives, e.g. die as a supernova and give birth to a supernova remnant (SNR). These dead stellar environments accelerate particles, emitting by non-thermal mechanisms up to the TeV range, and they are considered as a major contributor to the very-high-energy band of the local cosmic-ray spectrum. Aims. T…

Little Red reionization factories
Fan Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13541 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.13541

Little Red reionization factories
In this note, we suggest the possibility that an elucidation of the nature of the numerous Little Red Dots (LRDs) at high redshifts, may facilitate the resolution of another concurrent cosmic puzzle, namely reionization. Specifically, it is hypothesized that intergalactic HI gas is compelled by the tidal field associated with a growing gravitational entropy, in the form of gas streams, into colliding at the LRD sites. The resulting shock heating and compression encourage starburst activities, w…

The invariance of group occupation across the cosmic web
Vicente Izzo Dominguez, Facundo Rodriguez, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.09800 https://

The invariance of group occupation across the cosmic web
Recent efforts to identify secondary variations in the Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) have primarily focused on simulations examining the role of large-scale cosmic environments such as superclusters, filaments, and underdense regions or voids. If present, these variations could yield valuable insights into galaxy formation mechanisms, halo assembly processes, and the influence of external factors on cosmic structure. We aim to test whether secondary trends in the HOD driven by the large-sc…

SPARCS -- combining radiation hydrodynamics with non-equilibrium metal chemistry in the SWIFT astrophysical code
Tsang Keung Chan, Alexander J. Richings, Tom Theuns, Yuankang Liu, Matthieu Schaller, Mladen Ivkovic
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13277

SPARCS -- combining radiation hydrodynamics with non-equilibrium metal chemistry in the SWIFT astrophysical code
We present SPARCS, which combines the moment-based radiative transfer method SPH-M1RT with the non-equilibrium metal chemistry solver CHIMES in the modern highly-parallel astrophysical code SWIFT. SPARCS enables on-the-fly radiation hydrodynamics simulations, with multi-frequency ultraviolet radiative transfer coupled with all ionisation states of 11 major elements, in the presence of dust, cosmic ray ionization and heating, and self-gravity. Direct radiation pressure on gas and dust is also ac…

The 21-cm signature of X-ray heated halos around galaxies during cosmic dawn
Ka-Hou Leong, Avery Meiksin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10255 https://arxiv.org…

The 21-cm signature of X-ray heated halos around galaxies during cosmic dawn
X-rays emitted by high mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) and supernovae-driven winds in the first galaxies during Cosmic Dawn are expected to warm the intergalactic medium prior to its reionization. While most of the heating will be uniform on measurable scales, exceptionally bright sources will produce a warm ring around them with a distinctive 21-cm signature. The detection of such systems would confirm X-rays are a source of IGM heating during Cosmic Dawn and provide a test of models predicting hi…

Cosmic Hysteresis in Reconstructed \textit{f(R)} Bounce Models: A Thermodynamic Study
Aritra Sanyal, Praveen Kumar Dhankar, Albert Munyeshyaka, Safiqul Islam, Farook Rahaman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06590

Cosmic Hysteresis in Reconstructed \textit{f(R)} Bounce Models: A Thermodynamic Study
We study the emergence of cosmic hysteresis in cyclic bouncing universes within the framework of analytically reconstructed $f(R)$ gravity. Using exact bouncing scale factor solutions of exponential and power-law forms, we reconstruct the corresponding $f(R)$ models and investigate the thermodynamic behavior of a minimally coupled scalar field in these geometries. The pressure evolution during expansion and contraction phases is shown to be asymmetric, leading to a non-vanishing thermodynamic w…

Impact of Cosmic Ray Acceleration on the Early Evolution of Bow Shocks around Massive Runaway Stars
Keito Watanabe, Stefanie Walch, Tim-Eric Rathjen, Jonathan Mackey, Pierre N\"urnberger, Philipp Girichidis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11988

Impact of Cosmic Ray Acceleration on the Early Evolution of Bow Shocks around Massive Runaway Stars
Bow shocks generated from the interaction of winds from massive runaway stars with the interstellar medium have been shown to be prominent particle accelerators through recent $γ$-ray and radio synchrotron observations. Here, we study particle acceleration from bow shocks by conducting 3D ideal cosmic ray magnetohydrodynamic simulations in the advection-diffusion limit. We use the Eulerian grid-based code FLASH, where stellar winds are injected through tabulated wind velocities and mass loss r…

Energy calibration of LHAASO-KM2A using the cosmic ray Moon shadow
Ali Raza, Huihai He, Faisal Akram, The LHAASO Collaboration
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12649 https://

Energy calibration of LHAASO-KM2A using the cosmic ray Moon shadow
We present a precise measurement of the westward, rigidity-dependent shift of the Moon's shadow using three and a half years of cosmic-ray data collected by the Kilometer Square Array (KM2A) of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). These measurements enable us to calibrate the detector energy response in the range 20-260 TeV, with results showing excellent agreement with the response derived from Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of the KM2A detector. We also measure a best-fit pa…

Death by Impact: Evidence for Merger-Driven Quenching in a Collisional Ring Galaxy at Cosmic Noon
Amir H. Khoram, Sirio Belli, Carlo Nipoti, Raffaele Pascale, Andrew B. Newman, Federico Marinacci, Richard S. Ellis, Letizia Bugiani, Matteo Sapori, Eric Giunchi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12308

Death by Impact: Evidence for Merger-Driven Quenching in a Collisional Ring Galaxy at Cosmic Noon
The role of interactions and mergers in the rapid quenching of massive galaxies in the early Universe remains uncertain, largely due to the difficulty of directly linking mergers to quenching. Collisional ring galaxies provide a unique opportunity, as their morphology allows precise dating of the interaction, which can then be compared to quenching timescales inferred from star formation histories. We study a gravitationally bound system at $z=1.61$ in the UDS field, composed of a Host galaxy (…

Constraining fuzzy dark matter with the 21-cm power spectrum from Cosmic Dawn and Reionization
Shihang Liu, Yilin Liu, Bowen Peng, Mengzhou Xie, Zelong Liu, Bohua Li, Yi Mao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10176

Constraining fuzzy dark matter with the 21-cm power spectrum from Cosmic Dawn and Reionization
The 21-cm signals from Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization contain valuable information on cosmological structure formation dominated by dark matter. Measurements of the 21-cm power spectrum can thus probe certain dark matter candidates. Here we investigate the impacts of fuzzy dark matter (FDM) on the 21-cm signals, taking into account both the linear matter power spectrum and the halo mass function (HMF) in FDM cosmologies. The full FDM dynamics are implemented in reionization simulatio…

Muon number reconstruction with IceTop using a two-component lateral distribution function
Mark Weyrauch (for the IceCube Collaboration)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13002 https:/…

Muon number reconstruction with IceTop using a two-component lateral distribution function
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, situated at the geographic South Pole, comprises both a surface component, IceTop, and a deep in-ice component. This unique setup allows for simultaneous measurements of low-energy ($\sim \rm{GeV}$) and high-energy ($\gtrsim 400\,\rm{GeV}$) muons generated in cosmic-ray air showers. The correlation between these low- and high-energy muons can serve as a valuable tool not only for analyzing cosmic-ray composition but also for tests of hadronic interaction models…

Time-Dependent Deflection Reconstruction: A New Technique to Search for Gravitational Waves with the Cosmic Microwave Background
Alvin Leluc, Joel Meyers, Alexander van Engelen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10673

Time-Dependent Deflection Reconstruction: A New Technique to Search for Gravitational Waves with the Cosmic Microwave Background
Gravitational waves (GWs) passing through the Earth cause a correlated pattern of time-dependent deflections of the apparent position of astronomical sources. We build upon standard lensing reconstruction techniques to develop a new time-dependent quadratic estimator, providing a novel technique to search for the deflections produced by GWs using observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We find that the time-dependent deflection reconstruction is many orders of magnitude more sens…

Is Milky Way stable all the way ? A TNG50 view from cosmic noon to the present day
K. Aditya, Sandeep Kataria
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12263 https://arxi…

Is Milky Way stable all the way ? A TNG50 view from cosmic noon to the present day
We investigate the stability of Milky Way analogs (MWAs) in the \texttt{TNG50} simulation against the growth of local axisymmetric instabilities, tracing their evolution from cosmic noon ($z=2.5$) to the present day ($z=0$). Using a two-component stability criterion that accounts for stars, gas, and the force field of the dark matter halo, we compute the net stability parameter ($Q_{T}$), the critical gas surface density ($Σ_{c}$), and the instability timescale ($τ$) for 10 barred and 10 unba…

The Blue Jay Survey: Deep JWST Spectroscopy for a Representative Sample of Galaxies at Cosmic Noon
Sirio Belli, Letizia Bugiani, Minjung Park, J. Trevor Mendel, Rebecca L. Davies, Amir H. Khoram, Benjamin D. Johnson, Joel Leja, Sandro Tacchella, Vanessa Brown, Charlie Conroy, Razieh Emami, Yijia Li, Caterina Liboni, Gabriel Maheson, Elijah P. Mathews, Rohan P. Naidu, Erica J. Nelson, Bryan A. Terrazas, Rainer Weinberger

The Blue Jay Survey: Deep JWST Spectroscopy for a Representative Sample of Galaxies at Cosmic Noon
We present the Blue Jay survey, a Cycle-1 JWST program aimed at studying the stellar and gas content of galaxies at Cosmic Noon. The survey consists of deep spectroscopy for 153 targets observed over two pointings in the COSMOS field using the NIRSpec micro-shutter assembly (MSA). We employ the three medium-resolution gratings G140M, G235M, and G395M, with exposure times of 13 hours, 3.2 hours, and 1.6 hours, respectively. We thus obtain full coverage of the 1-5 micron range, corresponding to t…

Stochastic modelling of cosmic-ray sources for Galactic diffuse emissions
Anton Stall, Philipp Mertsch
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06857 https://arxiv.org/p…

Stochastic modelling of cosmic-ray sources for Galactic diffuse emissions
Galactic diffuse emissions in gamma rays and neutrinos arise from interactions of cosmic rays with the interstellar medium and probe the cosmic-ray intensity away from the Solar system. Model predictions for those are influenced by the properties of cosmic-ray sources, and understanding the impact of cosmic-ray sources on Galactic diffuse emissions is key for interpreting measurements by LHAASO, Tibet AS-gamma, IceCube, and the upcoming SWGO. We consider supernova remnants as prototypical cosmi…

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) and The Signatures of Cosmic Non-Gaussianity
Owais Farooq, Romana Zahoor, Balungi Francis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10851 https://

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) and The Signatures of Cosmic Non-Gaussianity
Primordial black holes (PBHs) provide a unique probe of the small-scale primordial Uni- verse and may constitute a fraction of the dark matter. Their formation is highly sensitive to non-Gaussian features in the primordial curvature perturbation ζ. In this work we inves- tigate PBH production in the curvaton scenario, where the decay of a late-time light scalar field imprints large, inherently non-Gaussian fluctuations on small scales. Using the exact non-linear mapping between the Gaussian cu…

Probing cosmic curvature with Alcock-Paczynski data
Yungui Gong, Qing Gao, Xuchen Lu, Zhu Yi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11555 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.11…

Probing cosmic curvature with Alcock-Paczynski data
The Alcock-Paczynski (AP) parameter $F_{AP}$ is independent of the sound horizon $r_d$, making the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) AP measurements particularly well suited for cosmological applications. We propose a novel null test of cosmic curvature tailored to DESI BAO data that combines $F_{AP}$ with the ratios $D_V'/D_V$ or $D_M'/D_M$. This null test can also be performed using a joint dataset of DESI BAO and type Ia supernova (SNe Ia) observat…

Supernova Rates and Luminosity Functions from ASAS-SN II: 2014-2017 core-collapse supernovae and their subtypes
T. Pessi, D. D. Desai, J. L. Prieto, C. S. Kochanek, B. J. Shappee, J. P. Anderson, J. F. Beacom, Subo Dong, K. Z. Stanek, T. A. Thompson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10985

Supernova Rates and Luminosity Functions from ASAS-SN II: 2014-2017 core-collapse supernovae and their subtypes
The volumetric rates and luminosity functions (LFs) of core-collapse supernovae (ccSN) and their subtypes are important for understanding the cosmic history of star formation and the buildup of ccSN products. To estimate these rates, we use data of nearby ccSNe discovered by the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) from 2014--2017, when all observations were made in the $V$-band. The sample is composed of 174 discovered or recovered events, with high spectroscopic completeness from…

Environmental vs. intrinsic quenching at cosmic noon: Predictions from cosmological hydrodynamical simulations for VLT-MOONRISE
Paul H. Goubert, Asa F. L. Bluck, Joanna M. Piotrowska, Paul Torrey, Roberto Maiolino, Thomas Pinto Franco, Camilo Casimiro, Nicolas Cea
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.09626

Environmental vs. intrinsic quenching at cosmic noon: Predictions from cosmological hydrodynamical simulations for VLT-MOONRISE
We present an investigation into the quenching of simulated galaxies across cosmic time, honing in on the role played by both intrinsic and environmental mechanisms at different epochs. In anticipation of VLT-MOONRISE, the first wide-field spectroscopic galaxy survey to target cosmic noon, this work provides clear predictions to compare to the future observations. We investigate the quenching of centrals, high-mass satellites, and low-mass satellites from two cosmological hydrodynamical simulat…

The source of the cosmic-ray excess in the Centaurus region - constraints on possible candidates, mass composition and cosmic magnetic fields
Teresa Bister
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06594

The source of the cosmic-ray excess in the Centaurus region - constraints on possible candidates, mass composition and cosmic magnetic fields
The most significant excess in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with energies $\gtrsim40\,\mathrm{EeV}$ is found in the direction of several interesting source candidates, most prominently the nearby radio galaxy Centaurus A. Naturally, Cen A has been suspected to create the anisotropy - but very different scenarios have been proposed. This includes a subdominant source contribution in combination with isotropic background sources, as well as a scenario where Cen A suppli…

Precise Measurement of the Absolute Sky Brightness at 60 to 350 MHz
Luke McKay, Ravi Subrahmanyan, Aaron Chippendale, Pietro Bolli, Georgios Kyriakou, Alex Dunning, Ronald Ekers
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11846

Precise Measurement of the Absolute Sky Brightness at 60 to 350 MHz
Precise measurement of the sky radio brightness below 1 GHz and estimation of any unaccounted-for extragalactic brightness is required to understand the Galactic cosmic ray electron spectrum, to constrain populations of nanojansky radio sources, and to constrain dark matter annihilation or decay. The foreground radio brightness must also be accurately accounted for when measuring the cosmic background radiation and departures from its Planck spectrum that trace astrophysical processes in the ea…

Tight correlation of star formation with [Ci] and CO lines across cosmic time
Theodoros Topkaras, Thomas G. Bisbas, Zhi-Yu Zhang, V. Ossenkopf-Okada
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09951

Tight correlation of star formation with [Ci] and CO lines across cosmic time
Context. Cold molecular gas tracers, such as CI and CO lines, have been widely used to infer specific characteristics of the ISM and to derive star-formation relations among galaxies. Aims. However, there is still a lack of systematic studies of the star-formation scaling relation of CO and [CI] lines across cosmic time on multiple physical scales. Methods. We used observations of the ground state transitions of [CI], CO, and [CII], for 885 sources collected from the literature, to infer possib…

Probing the Cosmic Ray Background of Gamma-Ray Astronomy with Hadron Colliders
Clara E. Leitgeb, Robert D. Parsons, Andrew M. Taylor, Kenneth J. Ragan, David Berge, Cigdem Issever
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.04040

Probing the Cosmic Ray Background of Gamma-Ray Astronomy with Hadron Colliders
Hadronic cosmic particles (cosmic rays) and gamma rays are constantly absorbed in the Earth's atmosphere and result in air showers of secondary particles. Cherenkov radiation from these atmospheric events is used to measure cosmic gamma rays with ground-based telescopes. We focus here on the dominant hadronic cosmic-ray-initiated background events in the atmosphere, which give rise to gamma-ray like air showers for gamma-ray telescopes. It is shown that only a small subset of hadronic cosmic-ra…

Testing CCC TL Cosmology with Galaxy Rotation Curves
Rajendra P. Gupta
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11896 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.11896

Testing CCC+TL Cosmology with Galaxy Rotation Curves
This paper aims to explore whether astrophysical observations, primarily galaxy rotation curves, result from covarying coupling constants (CCC) rather than from dark matter. We have shown in earlier papers that cosmological observations, such as supernovae type 1a (Pantheon+), the small size of galaxies at cosmic dawn, baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), the sound horizon in the cosmic microwave background (CMB), and time dilation effect, can be easily accounted for without requiring dark energ…

Scientific Objectives of the Xue-shan-mu-chang 15-meter Submillimeter Telescope
XSMT Project Collaboration Group, Yiping Ao, Jin Chang, Zhiwei Chen, Xiangqun Cui, Kaiyi Du, Fujun Du, Yan Gong, Zhanwen Han, Gregory Herczeg, Luis C. Ho, Jie Hu, Yipeng Jing, Sihan Jiao, Binggang Ju, Jing Li, Xiaohu Li, Xiangdong Li, Lingrui Lin, Zhenhui Lin, Daizhong Liu, Dong Liu, Guoxi Liu, Zheng Lou, Dengrong Lu, Ruiqing Mao, Wei Miao, Yuan Qian, Keping Qiu, Zhiqiang Shen, Yong Shi, Shengcai Shi, Cheng…

Scientific Objectives of the Xue-shan-mu-chang 15-meter Submillimeter Telescope
Submillimeter astronomy is poised to revolutionize our understanding of the Universe by revealing cosmic phenomena hidden from optical and near-infrared observations, particularly those associated with interstellar dust, molecular gas, and star formation. The Xue-shan-mu-chang 15-meter submillimeter telescope (XSMT-15m), to be constructed at a premier high-altitude site (4813 m) in Qinghai, China, marks a major milestone for Chinese astronomy, establishing the China mainland's first independent…

From collider to cosmic rays: Pythia 8/Angantyr for air shower simulations in CORSIKA 8
Chlo\'e Gaudu, Maximilian Reininghaus, Felix Riehn
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08793 h…

From collider to cosmic rays: Pythia 8/Angantyr for air shower simulations in CORSIKA 8
The simulation of extensive air showers is pivotal for advancing our understanding of high-energy cosmic ray interactions in Earth's atmosphere. The CORSIKA 8 framework is being developed as a modern, flexible, and efficient tool for simulating these interactions with a variety of high-energy hadronic models. We present the ongoing implementation and validation of Pythia 8/Angantyr within CORSIKA 8. Pythia 8, successfully used in collider physics, provides a detailed and well-tested treatment o…

Thermal SZ effect at the core of CL J1226.9 3332 revealed by NOEMA
M. Mu\~noz-Echeverr\'ia, J. -F. Mac\'ias-P\'erez, R. Neri, E. Pointecouteau, R. Adam, P. Ade, H. Ajeddig, S. Amarantidis, P. Andr\'e, H. Aussel, A. Beelen, A. Beno\^it, S. Berta, M. B\'ethermin, A. Bongiovanni, J. Bounmy, O. Bourrion, M. Calvo, A. Catalano, D. Ch\'erouvrier, U. Chowdhury, M. De Petris, F. -X. D\'esert, S. Doyle, E. F. C. Driessen, G. Ejlali, A. Ferragamo, A. Gomez, J. Goupy, …

Thermal SZ effect at the core of CL J1226.9+3332 revealed by NOEMA
We present first detailed maps of the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect on a $z = 0.89$ cluster with the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA). The high sensitivity of these observations enabled the effective identification and removal of the millimetre-wave sources contaminating the tSZ signal, thus isolating the influence of the cluster's hot electron gas on the cosmic microwave background radiation from other emissions. The tSZ observed with success by NOEMA is modelled together w…

Improving Air Shower Simulations by Tuning Pythia 8/Angantyr with Accelerator Data
Michael Windau, Chlo\'e Gaudu, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Kevin Kr\"oninger
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11458

Improving Air Shower Simulations by Tuning Pythia 8/Angantyr with Accelerator Data
We present a combined analysis of the Pythia 8 event generator using accelerator data and evaluate its impact on air shower observables. Reliable simulations with event generators are essential for particle physics analyses, achievable through advanced tuning to experimental data. Pythia 8 has emerged as a promising high-energy interaction model for cosmic ray air shower simulations, offering well-documented parameter settings and a user-friendly interface to enable automatic tuning efforts. Us…

A statistical look on kinematic planes of satellite galaxies I: frequency and properties in TNG50 MW/M31-like galaxies
Mat\'ias G\'amez-Mar\'in, Rosa Dom\'inguez-Tenreiro, Isabel Santos-Santos, Susana E. Pedrosa
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13622

A statistical look on kinematic planes of satellite galaxies I: frequency and properties in TNG50 MW/M31-like galaxies
We use the TNG50 simulation to explore the possible existence of satellite galaxy sets, with fixed-in-time identities, forming kinematically-persistent planes (KPPs) along cosmic time around 190 MW/M31-like galaxies. This is the first study to assess their frequency within the $Λ$CDM framework. We identify KPPs around 46 of these host galaxies, with at least 25\% of their satellites in such configurations. Thereby, KPPs appear more frequent than previously reported, appearing in $\sim24\%$ of …