Tootfinder

CYCLE-INSTRUCT: Fully Seed-Free Instruction Tuning via Dual Self-Training and Cycle Consistency
Zhanming Shen, Hao Chen, Yulei Tang, Shaolin Zhu, Wentao Ye, Xiaomeng Hu, Haobo Wang, Gang Chen, Junbo Zhao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.16100

CYCLE-INSTRUCT: Fully Seed-Free Instruction Tuning via Dual Self-Training and Cycle Consistency
Instruction tuning is vital for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intent, but current methods typically rely on costly human-annotated seed data or powerful external teacher models. While instruction back-translation techniques reduce this dependency, they remain fundamentally tethered to an initial seed set, which limits full automation, introduces biases, and can lead to inefficient use of unlabeled corpora. In this paper, we propose Cycle-Instruct, a novel framework that achie…

🇺🇦 #NowPlaying on KEXP's #AstralPlane
Hippie Hourrah:
🎵 Cycle trois - partie 2
#HippieHourrah
https://hippiehourrah.bandcamp.com/track/cycle-trois-partie-2
https://open.spotify.com/track/3ez9WhsTGvrT7BGvAESFQY

The Hamilton cycle space of random graphs
Dan Hefetz, Michael Krivelevich
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19731 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506…

The Hamilton cycle space of random graphs
The cycle space of a graph $G$, denoted $C(G)$, is a vector space over ${\mathbb F}_2$, spanned by all incidence vectors of edge-sets of cycles of $G$. If $G$ has $n$ vertices, then $C_n(G)$ denotes the subspace of $C(G)$, spanned by the incidence vectors of Hamilton cycles of $G$. A classical result in the theory of random graphs asserts that for $G \sim \mathbb{G}(n,p)$, asymptotically almost surely the necessary condition $δ(G) \geq 2$ is also sufficient to ensure Hamiltonicity. Resolving a…

AI/ML Life Cycle Management for Interoperable AI Native RAN
Chu-Hsiang Huang, Chao-Kai Wen, Geoffrey Ye Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18538 https://arxiv.o…

AI/ML Life Cycle Management for Interoperable AI Native RAN
Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) models are rapidly permeating the 5G Radio Access Network (RAN), powering beam management, channel state information (CSI) feedback, positioning, and mobility prediction. However, without a standardized life-cycle management (LCM) framework, challenges, such as model drift, vendor lock-in, and limited transparency, hinder large-scale adoption. 3GPP Releases 16-20 progressively evolve AI/ML from experimental features to managed, interoperabl…

Them: Cycle A-To-B, fast and efficient
Me: I reject the entire concept. The journey is the point.
#TallBike

A combined cycle gas turbine power plant that not only generates electricity but provides heat for buildings through Cornell's steam system -- this system is about 70% efficient compared to typical power plants at 35-45%
#cornell #photo

Data-driven phase control for limit-cycle oscillators under partial observation
Koichiro Yawata, Norihisa Namura, Yuzuru Kato, Hiroya Nakao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.16957 http…

Data-driven phase control for limit-cycle oscillators under partial observation
Controlling rhythmic systems, typically modeled as limit-cycle oscillators, is an important subject in real-world problems. Phase reduction theory, which simplifies the multidimensional oscillator state under weak input to a single phase variable, is useful for analyzing the oscillator dynamics. In the control of limit-cycle oscillators with unknown dynamics, the oscillator phase should be estimated from time series under partial observation in real time. In this study, we present an autoencode…

I've just returned from a brisk training ride. It takes 45 minutes and is fairly flat. T-shirt says never to underestimate an old man with a bicycle.
#roadbike

On plane cycles in geometric multipartite graphs
Marco Ricci, Jonathan Rollin, Andr\'e Schulz, Alexandra Weinberger
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20421 ht…

On plane cycles in geometric multipartite graphs
A geometric graph is a drawing of a graph in the plane where the vertices are drawn as points in general position and the edges as straight-line segments connecting their endpoints. It is plane if it contains no crossing edges. We study plane cycles in geometric complete multipartite graphs. We prove that if a geometric complete multipartite graph contains a plane cycle of length $t$, with $t \geq 6$, it also contains a smaller plane cycle of length at least $\lfloor t/2\rfloor + 1$. We further…

🔊 #NowPlaying on #BBCRadio3:
#ClassicalLive
- Allan Clayton sings Vaughan Williams with the Kaleidoscope Chamber Collective
Mark Forrest showcases the best performances from the UK and beyond, including Ralph Vaughan Williams’s song cycle On Wenlock Edge performed at the Chipping Campden Music Festival.
Relisten now 👇
https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m002djz2

Hands-on with macOS 26: the interface is a mess, like a poorly imported iOS design, but the power of Spotlight and Shortcuts will delight many longtime users (Jason Snell/Six Colors)
https://sixcolors.com/post/2025/07/first-look-macos-tahoe-public-beta/

First Look: macOS Tahoe Public Beta
For many years, Apple’s annual operating-system cycle seemed to be all about the iPhone, with the occasional bone thrown to the Mac or iPad. But Apple’s latest operating-system releases…

A Compact Cycle Formulation for the Multiperiodic Event Scheduling Problem
Rolf Nelson van Lieshout, Niels Lindner
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17566 https://

A Compact Cycle Formulation for the Multiperiodic Event Scheduling Problem
The Periodic Event Scheduling Problem (PESP) is a fundamental model in periodic timetabling for public transport systems, assuming a common period across all events. However, real-world networks often feature heterogeneous service frequencies. This paper studies the Multiperiodic Event Scheduling Problem (MPESP), a generalization of PESP that allows each event to recur at its own individual period. While more expressive, MPESP presents new modeling challenges due to the loss of a global period.…

Continuous operation of a coherent 3,000-qubit system
Neng-Chun Chiu, Elias C. Trapp, Jinen Guo, Mohamed H. Abobeih, Luke M. Stewart, Simon Hollerith, Pavel Stroganov, Marcin Kalinowski, Alexandra A. Geim, Simon J. Evered, Sophie H. Li, Lisa M. Peters, Dolev Bluvstein, Tout T. Wang, Markus Greiner, Vladan Vuleti\'c, Mikhail D. Lukin
https://

Continuous operation of a coherent 3,000-qubit system
Neutral atoms are a promising platform for quantum science, enabling advances in areas ranging from quantum simulations and computation to metrology, atomic clocks and quantum networking. While atom losses typically limit these systems to a pulsed mode, continuous operation could significantly enhance cycle rates, remove bottlenecks in metrology, and enable deep-circuit quantum evolution through quantum error correction. Here we demonstrate an experimental architecture for high-rate, continuous…

Modulation of sub-optical cycle photocurrents in an ultrafast near-infrared scanning tunnelling microscope
Andrea Rossetti, Florian Pagnini, Majdi Assaid, Christoph Schoenfeld, Alfred Leitenstorfer, Markus Ludwig, Daniele Brida
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16357

Modulation of sub-optical cycle photocurrents in an ultrafast near-infrared scanning tunnelling microscope
Lightwave-driven scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) at near-IR frequencies promises an unprecedented combination of atomic spatial resolution and temporal resolution approaching the attosecond range. To achieve this goal, high-sensitivity optical control and detection of sub-cycle tunnelling currents must be achieved at the STM junction. Here, we demonstrate the generation and detection of coherent ultrafast currents across the junction of an STM illuminated by near-infrared single-cycle puls…

Solution to a problem on isolation of $3$-vertex paths
Karl Bartolo, Peter Borg, Dayle Scicluna
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19149 https://

Solution to a problem on isolation of $3$-vertex paths
The $3$-path isolation number of a connected $n$-vertex graph $G$, denoted by $ι(G,P_3)$, is the size of a smallest subset $D$ of the vertex set of $G$ such that the closed neighbourhood $N[D]$ of $D$ in $G$ intersects each $3$-vertex path of $G$, meaning that no two edges of $G-N[D]$ intersect. Zhang and Wu proved that $ι(G,P_3) \leq 2n/7$ unless $G$ is a $3$-path or a $3$-cycle or a $6$-cycle. The bound is attained by infinitely many graphs having induced $6$-cycles. Huang, Zhang and Jin pr…

The Graph Structure of a Class of Permutation Maps over Ring $\mathbb{Z}_{p^k}$
Kai Tan, Chengqing Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20118 https://

The Graph Structure of a Class of Permutation Maps over Ring $\mathbb{Z}_{p^k}$
Understanding the periodic and structural properties of permutation maps over residue rings such as $\mathbb{Z}_{p^k}$ is a foundational challenge in algebraic dynamics and pseudorandom sequence analysis. Despite notable progress in characterizing global periods, a critical bottleneck remains: the lack of explicit tools to analyze local cycle structures and their evolution with increasing arithmetic precision. In this work, we propose a unified analytical framework to systematically derive the …

Probing Solar Polar Regions
Yuanyong Deng, Hui Tian, Jie Jiang, Shuhong Yang, Hao Li, Robert Cameron, Laurent Gizon, Louise Harra, Robert F. Wimmer-Schweingruber, Fr\'ed\'eric Auch\`ere, Xianyong Bai, Luis Bellot Rubio, Linjie Chen, Pengfei Chen, Lakshmi Pradeep Chitta, Jackie Davies, Fabio Favata, Li Feng, Xueshang Feng, Weiqun Gan, Don Hassler, Jiansen He, Junfeng Hou, Zhenyong Hou, Chunlan Jin, Wenya Li, Jiaben Lin, Dibyendu Nandy, Vaibhav Pant, Marco Romoli, Taro Sakao, Kri…

Probing Solar Polar Regions
The magnetic fields and dynamical processes in the solar polar regions play a crucial role in the solar magnetic cycle and in supplying mass and energy to the fast solar wind, ultimately being vital in controlling solar activities and driving space weather. Despite numerous efforts to explore these regions, to date no imaging observations of the Sun's poles have been achieved from vantage points out of the ecliptic plane, leaving their behavior and evolution poorly understood. This observation …

from my link log —
London Cycle Orbital: peaceful cycling at London's margins.
https://london-cycle-orbital.org.uk/
saved 2025-04-11 https://…

Welcome to peaceful cycling at London's margins
Cycle Orbital is an 890-mile network of recreational cycleways ringing the capital, ranging from child-friendly to challenging and arranged into twelve Arcs, Spokes and Spinoffs.

Homeownership as Life Cycle Goldmine: Evidence from Macrohistory
Yang Bai, Shize Li, Jialu Shen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17624 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507…

Homeownership as Life Cycle Goldmine: Evidence from Macrohistory
Should a household buy a home? Using data from 16 developed countries spanning 1870 to 2020, this study provides a resounding affirmative answer. Contrary to popular expert advice, homeownership enhances life cycle wealth by up to 9% and welfare by up to 23%, compared to all-equity investment strategy. Homeownership reduces wealth portfolio risk and improves wealth equality, though it comes at the cost of lower working-life wealth and curtailed financial asset holdings. Gains are heterogeneous:…

wayward internet grotesque beauty
canned screaming crying proudly antihuman burning cities proudly nostalgic diy jumbotrons as apartment walls dancers wallow in makeup or lack thereof mechanical laughter at one anothers most sterile moments their tongues become needles along the sidewalks their twenty year old bubbling vomit cycle as both aesthetic and dogma and the unspoken understanding wed crumble if it weren't for losing ourselves in this

RIROS: A Parallel RTL Fault SImulation FRamework with TwO-Dimensional Parallelism and Unified Schedule
Jiaping Tang, Jianan Mu, Zizhen Liu, Ge Yu, Tenghui Hua, Bin Sun, Silin Liu, Jing Ye, Huawei Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.16376

RIROS: A Parallel RTL Fault SImulation FRamework with TwO-Dimensional Parallelism and Unified Schedule
With the rapid development of safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving and embodied intelligence, the functional safety of the corresponding electronic chips becomes more critical. Ensuring chip functional safety requires performing a large number of time-consuming RTL fault simulations during the design phase, significantly increasing the verification cycle. To meet time-to-market demands while ensuring thorough chip verification, parallel acceleration of RTL fault simulation is…

Unit Commitment Framework for Nuclear Reactors with Reactivity Decline
Shiny Choudhury, Michael Davidson, George Tynan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18150 https://

Unit Commitment Framework for Nuclear Reactors with Reactivity Decline
Nuclear reactors are often modeled as inflexible, baseload generators with fixed downtimes and restrictive ramping limits. In practice, however, a reactor's operational flexibility is closely tied to it's fuel cycle stage and the associated reactivity margin. A key physical constraint to power maneuverability is xenon poisoning, caused by an increase in neutron absorbing xenon concentration following a power ramp down. This can delay or even prevent subsequent power ramp up due to suppressed co…

Emergent collective dynamics from motile photokinetic organisms
J. Morales, P. Munoz, D. Noto, H. N Ulloa, F. Guzman-Lastra
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19081

Emergent collective dynamics from motile photokinetic organisms
The day-night cycle drives the largest biomass migration on Earth: the diel vertical migration (DVM) of aquatic organisms. Here, we present a three-dimensional agent-based model that incorporates photokinesis, gyrotaxis, and stochastic reorientation to explore how individual-level swimming behaviors give rise to population-scale DVM patterns. By solving Langevin equations for swarms of swimmers, we identify four distinct regimes -- Surface Accumulation, Shallow DVM, Deep DVM, and Sinking -- gov…

I love Europe. it is beauty personified
#FERROVELO #CYCLE #Italy

Gorenstein Normal tangent cones of integrally closed ideals in two-dimensional normal singularities
Tomohiro Okuma, Kei-ichi Watanabe, Ken-ichi Yoshida
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.17642

Gorenstein Normal tangent cones of integrally closed ideals in two-dimensional normal singularities
Let $(A,\mathfrak m)$ be a two-dimensional excellent normal Gorenstein local domain containing an algebraically closed filed. Let $I =H^0(X,\mathcal{O}_X(-Z)) \subset A$ be an $\mathfrak m$-primary integrally closed ideal represented by an anti-nef cycle $Z$ on some resolution $X\to \mathrm{Spec} A$. In this paper, we prove that $\overline{G}(I)$ is Gorenstein if and only if it is Cohen-Macaulay and $(r-1)Z^2+K_XZ=0$, where $r=\bar{\athrm{r}}(I)$ denotes the normal reduction number of $I$ and $…

Paired Disjunctive Domination Number of Middle Graphs
Hande Tuncel Golpek, Zeliha Kartal Yildiz, Aysun Aytac
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19529 https://

Paired Disjunctive Domination Number of Middle Graphs
The concept of domination in graphs plays a central role in understanding structural properties and applications in network theory. In this study, we focus on the paired disjunctive domination number in the context of middle graphs, a transformation that captures both adjacency and incidence relations of the original graph. We begin by investigating this parameter for middle graphs of several special graph classes, including path graphs, cycle graphs, wheel graphs, complete graphs, complete bip…

The Response of Planetary Atmospheres to the Impact of Icy Comets II: exo-Earth Analogues
F. Sainsbury-Martinez, C. Walsh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18256 https://

The Response of Planetary Atmospheres to the Impact of Icy Comets II: exo-Earth Analogues
The orbital regime of a terrestrial planet plays a significant role in shaping its atmospheric dynamics, climate, and hence potential habitability. The orbit is also likely to play a role in shaping the response of a planetary atmosphere to the influx of material from an icy cometary impact. To investigate this response, we model the impact of an icy cometary body with an Earth-analogue exoplanet (i.e. an Earth-like planet orbiting a Sun-like star with a diurnal cycle) using a cometary impact a…

Figured out what I was doing wrong in the curve25519 refactoring: the state signal I was using to dispatch register file reads also glitched high for one cycle (not sure if this is technically a glitch since it's synchronous but whatever) at the end of each main loop iteration.
This is harmless if you have combinatorial reads, but if you have synchronous reads with latency it leads to the "read data ready" signal being asserted an extra time and some extra math operation…

Investigating silicate, carbon, and water in the diffuse interstellar medium: the first shots from WISCI
S. T. Zeegers, Jonathan P. Marshall, Karl D. Gordon, Karl A. Misselt, G. P. P. L. Otten, Jeroen Bouwman, Jean Chiar, Marjorie Decleir, Thavisha Dharmawardena, F. Kemper, Aigen Li, Mayank Narang, Alexey Potapov, Manoj Puravankara, Peter Scicluna, Himanshu Tyagi, Eleonora Zari, ChuanYu Wei, Lex Kaper, Frank Backs, Stefan T. Bromley, Laurie Chu, Elisa Costantini, T. R. Geballe, Joel D.…

Investigating silicate, carbon, and water in the diffuse interstellar medium: the first shots from WISCI
The dusty interstellar medium (ISM) of the Milky Way is distributed in a complex, cloudy structure. It is fundamental to the radiation balance within the Milky Way, provides a reaction surface to form complex molecules, and is the feedstock for future generations of stars and planets. The life cycle of interstellar dust is not completely understood, and neither are its structure nor composition. The abundance, composition, and structure of dust in the diffuse ISM can be determined by combining …

Enhanced Tritium Production in Irradiated TiD2 from Collisional Fusion in the Solid-State
Andrew K. Gillespie (Texas Tech University), Cuikun Lin (Texas Tech University), Ian Jones (Texas Tech University), Brad Jeffries (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory), Joseph Caleb Philipps (University of Missouri Research Reactor), Sandeep Puri (Texas Tech University), John Gahl (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri), John Brockman (3and 5), R. V. Duncan (T…

Enhanced Tritium Production in Irradiated TiD2 from Collisional Fusion in the Solid-State
Ongoing research in new nuclear mechanisms hold the potential for beneficial developments in nuclear power cycle designs. Recent reports investigated the possibility of lattice dynamics to influence nuclear processes in metals. Results from Steinetz et al., at the NASA Glenn Research Center indicated that it may be feasible to initiate deuterium deuterium fusion reactions that are enhanced using electron screening to reduce the deuterium deuterium fusion barrier. This article presents tritium p…

Carbon Cycle Extremes Accelerate Weakening of the Land Carbon Sink in the Late 21st Century
Bharat Sharma, Jitendra Kumar, Auroop R. Ganguly, Forrest M. Hoffman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19119

Carbon Cycle Extremes Accelerate Weakening of the Land Carbon Sink in the Late 21st Century
Increasing surface temperature could lead to enhanced evaporation, reduced soil moisture availability, and more frequent droughts and heat waves. The spatiotemporal co-occurrence of such effects further drives extreme anomalies in vegetation productivity and net land carbon storage. However, the impacts of climate change on extremes in net biospheric production (NBP) over longer time periods are unknown. Using the percentile threshold on the probability distribution curve of NBP anomalies, we c…

Oh no! Not our pRoCEsS!!! 😱

The deeper we get into this AI Hype Cycle, the more it feels like the DotCom Hype Cycle of 1999-2000, to me.
When I was away last week, I saw a billboard with a suited white guy’s face (it looked like a realtor sign) and the headline “AI-ify your business”.
People are afraid of missing out on… whatever this is. Just like they were worried about missing the onramp to the Information Superhighway, 25 years ago.
This bubble *will* burst, and it’s going to hurt at least as muc…

Flat-band thermodynamics reveals enhanced performance across Otto, Carnot, and Stirling cycles
Hadi Mohammed Soufy, Colin Benjamin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16525

Flat-band thermodynamics reveals enhanced performance across Otto, Carnot, and Stirling cycles
Magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) exhibits remarkable electronic properties under external magnetic fields, notably the emergence of flat Landau levels. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of MATBG's operational phase diagram under three distinct quantum thermodynamic cycles, i.e., Quantum Otto Cycle (QOC), Quantum Carnot Cycle (QCC), and Quantum Stirling Cycle (QSC). Employing the continuum eight-band model, we evaluate the thermodynamic performance of MATBG across mu…

Central Dogma Cycle and Network: A Model for Cell Memory
Martin R. Schiller
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16374 https://arxiv.org/pdf/25…

Central Dogma Cycle and Network: A Model for Cell Memory
This paper proposes an extension of the traditional Central Dogma of molecular biology to a more dynamic model termed the Central Dogma Cycle (CDC) and a broader network called the Central Dogma Cyclic Network (CDCN). While the Central Dogma is necessary for genetic information flow, it is not sufficient to fully explain cellular memory and information management. The CDC incorporates additional well-established steps, including protein folding and protein networking, highlighting the cyclical …

Solar Cycle Variations in Meridional Flows and Rotational Shear within the Sun's Near-surface Shear Layer: #solar rotation: https://www.nature.com/articles/d44151-025-00101-6 - scientists uncover how deep plasma flows reshape the Sun’s rotation and hint at mysteries below its surface.

A Two-Operator Calculus for Arithmetic-Progression Paths in the Collatz Graph
Sebastian Angermund
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19115 https://

A Two-Operator Calculus for Arithmetic-Progression Paths in the Collatz Graph
A recast of the standard residue-class analysis of the 3x+1 (Collatz) map in terms of two elementary operators on arithmetic progressions. The resulting calculus (i) splits any progression into its even and odd subsequences in a single step, (ii) gives a closed formula for every set of seeds that realises a prescribed parity word, (iii) yields a one line affine invariant that forbids trajectories consisting of infinitely many odd moves, and (iv) reduces the non-trivial-cycle problem to a pair o…

Estimation de la tendance-cycle avec des m\'ethodes robustes aux points atypiques
Alain Quartier-la-Tente
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.10704 https://

Estimation de la tendance-cycle avec des méthodes robustes aux points atypiques
Seasonally adjusted series are usually used to analyse the business cycle and turning points. When the irregular is too high, it is preferable to smooth the series in order to analyse the trend-cycle component directly. This study focuses on the real-time estimation of the trend-cycle component around shocks and turning points. The linear moving averages classically used for estimating the trend-cycle, which are sensitive to the presence of atypical points, are compared with robust non-linear m…

Cyclicity of interaction frame transformations
Michael C D Tayler, Mohamed Sabba
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20594 https://arxiv.org/p…

Cyclicity of interaction frame transformations
We identify a cyclic property of rotation sequences involving piecewise displacements $β$ about arbitrary axes in three dimensions. Specifically, when transformation to the toggling frame is applied successively $m$ times, for $β=2π/m$ the original sequence returns. This main result unites several families of rotation sequences used for error-tuned control across quantum technologies, from NMR and MRI to atomic clocks and atom-scale computing. For the widest class of cycle, $m=2$, we highlig…

"The life-cycle emissions of BEVs in the European Union are estimated to be 73% lower than those of gasoline ICEVs."
#ICCT's latest report:
https://theicct.org/publica…

Domain Translation of a Soft Robotic Arm using Conditional Cycle Generative Adversarial Network
Nilay Kushawaha, Carlo Alessi, Lorenzo Fruzzetti, Egidio Falotico
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14100

Domain Translation of a Soft Robotic Arm using Conditional Cycle Generative Adversarial Network
Deep learning provides a powerful method for modeling the dynamics of soft robots, offering advantages over traditional analytical approaches that require precise knowledge of the robot's structure, material properties, and other physical characteristics. Given the inherent complexity and non-linearity of these systems, extracting such details can be challenging. The mappings learned in one domain cannot be directly transferred to another domain with different physical properties. This challeng…

HV Metric For Time-Domain Full Waveform Inversion
Matej Neumann, Yunan Yang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.17122 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.17122

HV Metric For Time-Domain Full Waveform Inversion
Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful technique for reconstructing high-resolution material parameters from seismic or ultrasound data. The conventional least-squares (\(L^{2}\)) misfit suffers from pronounced non-convexity that leads to \emph{cycle skipping}. Optimal-transport misfits, such as the Wasserstein distance, alleviate this issue; however, their use requires artificially converting the wavefields into probability measures, a preprocessing step that can modify critical amplitude…

MCM: Mamba-based Cardiac Motion Tracking using Sequential Images in MRI
Jiahui Yin, Xinxing Cheng, Jinming Duan, Yan Pang, Declan O'Regan, Hadrien Reynaud, Qingjie Meng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17678

MCM: Mamba-based Cardiac Motion Tracking using Sequential Images in MRI
Myocardial motion tracking is important for assessing cardiac function and diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, for which cine cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has been established as the gold standard imaging modality. Many existing methods learn motion from single image pairs consisting of a reference frame and a randomly selected target frame from the cardiac cycle. However, these methods overlook the continuous nature of cardiac motion and often yield inconsistent and non-smooth motion estim…

Through-the-Cycle PD Estimation Under Incomplete Data -- A Single Risk Factor Approach
Barbara D\"om\"ot\"or, Ferenc Ill\'es
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15651 …

Through-the-Cycle PD Estimation Under Incomplete Data -- A Single Risk Factor Approach
Banks are required to use long-term default probabilities (PDs) of their portfolios when calculating credit risk capital under internal ratings-based (IRB) models. However, the calibration models and historical data typically reflect prevailing market conditions. According to Basel recommendations, averaging annual PDs over a full economic cycle should yield the long-term PD. In practice, the available data are often temporally incomplete - even for high-risk portfolios. In this paper, we prese…

lcpy: an open-source python package for parametric and dynamic Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Costing
Spiros Gkousis, Evina Katsou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13744

lcpy: an open-source python package for parametric and dynamic Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Costing
This article describes lcpy, an open-source python package that allows for advanced parametric Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Costing (LCC) analysis. The package is designed to allow the user to model a process with a flexible, modular design based on dictionaries and lists. The modeling can consider in-time variations, uncertainty, and allows for dynamic analysis, uncertainty assessment, as well as conventional static LCA and LCC. The package is compatible with optimization and unc…

Cycle of Creativity - Inspire, Create, Rest, Repeat
#inspiration #creativity
https://

Cycle of Creativity - Inspire, Create, Rest, Repeat
Stan Stewart - @muz4now

Cohomology of Linear Cycle Sets when the adjoint group is finite abelian
Jorge Guccione, Juan Jos\'e Guccione, Christian Valqui
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12341

Cohomology of Linear Cycle Sets when the adjoint group is finite abelian
This paper analyzes the second cohomology group of a linear cycle set with coefficients in an abelian group I, for linear cycle sets with commutative adjoint operation, focusing on the finite abelian case. It aims to classify extensions of such structures through cohomological methods. Techniques are developed to systematically construct explicitly 2-cocycles. Finally, some illustrative examples are explored to validate the theoretical framework.

I think I said this when we ended up with Cheer cheese. https://mstdn.social/@alanpringle/115071998459121943

Replaced article(s) found for cs.SD. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.SD/new
[1/1]:
- Vocoder-Free Non-Parallel Conversion of Whispered Speech With Masked Cycle-Consistent Generative ...
Dominik Wagner, Ilja Baumann, Tobias Bocklet

28 Years of Sun-as-a-star Extreme Ultraviolet Light Curves from SOHO EIT
Emily Sandford, Fr\'ed\'eric Auch\`ere, Annelies Mortier, Laura A. Hayes, Daniel M\"uller
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18990

28 Years of Sun-as-a-star Extreme Ultraviolet Light Curves from SOHO EIT
The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) has been taking images of the Solar disk and corona in four narrow EUV bandpasses (171Å, 195Å, 284Å, and 304Å) at a minimum cadence of once per day since early 1996. The time series of fully-calibrated EIT images now spans approximately 28 years, from early 1996 to early 2024, covering solar cycles 23, 24, and the beginning of cycle 25. We convert this extensive EIT image archive into a time series of …

Some Lagrangian quiver Grassmannians for the equioriented cycle
Matteo Micheli
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15841 https://arxiv.org/pdf…

Some Lagrangian quiver Grassmannians for the equioriented cycle
The goal of this paper is to better understand a family of linear degenerations of the classical Lagrangian Grassmannians $Λ(2n)$. It is the special case for $k=n$ of the varieties $X(k,2n)^{sp}$, introduced in previous joint work with Evgeny Feigin, Martina Lanini and Alexander Pütz. These varieties are obtained as isotropic subvarieties of a family of quiver Grassmannians $X(n,2n)$, and are acted on by a linear degeneration of the algebraic group $Sp_{2n}$. We prove a conjecture proposed in…

Cycle lengths in the percolated hypercube
Michael Anastos, Sahar Diskin, Joshua Erde, Mihyun Kang, Michael Krivelevich, Lyuben Lichev
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16858

Cycle lengths in the percolated hypercube
Let $Q^d_p$ be the random subgraph of the $d$-dimensional binary hypercube obtained after edge-percolation with probability $p$. It was shown recently by the authors that, for every $\varepsilon > 0$, there is some $c = c(\varepsilon)>0$ such that, if $pd\ge c$, then typically $Q^d_p$ contains a cycle of length at least $(1-\varepsilon)2^d$. We strengthen this result to show that, under the same assumptions, typically $Q^d_p$ contains cycles of all even lengths between $4$ and $(1-\varepsilon)2…

Dual-energy extraction for proton therapy and imaging: validation on a clinical synchrotron-based facility
Alexander A. Pryanichnikov, Dmitry Shwartz, Jon Feldmand, Joao Seco, Maria Francesca Spadea
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19736

Dual-energy extraction for proton therapy and imaging: validation on a clinical synchrotron-based facility
The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of extracting proton beams with two distinct energies within a single synchrotron cycle. The energy difference between the beams should be sufficient to use one beam as a range probe to guide the second therapeutic beam in a synchrotron-based proton therapy facility. A clinical synchrotron-based proton therapy facility with a maximum clinical energy of 250 megaeV (MeV) and an experimental energy capability of 330 MeV was used for the …

Improved girth approximation in weighted undirected graphs
Avi Kadria, Liam Roditty, Aaron Sidford, Virginia Vassilevska Williams, Uri Zwick
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.13869

Improved girth approximation in weighted undirected graphs
Let $G = (V,E,\ell)$ be a $n$-node $m$-edge weighted undirected graph, where $\ell: E \rightarrow (0,\infty)$ is a real \emph{length} function defined on its edges, and let $g$ denote the girth of $G$, i.e., the length of its shortest cycle. We present an algorithm that, for any input, integer $k \geq 1$, in $O(kn^{1+1/k}\log{n} + m(k+\log{n}))$ expected time finds a cycle of length at most $\frac{4k}{3}g$. This algorithm nearly matches a $O(n^{1+1/k}\log{n})$-time algorithm of \cite{KadriaRSWZ…

Regular homomorphisms, with a twist
Jeff Achter, Sebastian Casalaina-Martin, Charles Vial
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.17033 https://ar…

Regular homomorphisms, with a twist
Let $X/K$ be a variety over a field, and $A/K$ an abelian variety. A regular homomorphism to $A$ (in codimension $i$) induces, for every smooth geometrically connected pointed $K$-scheme $(T,t_0)$ and every cycle class $Z \in CH^i(T\times X)$, a morphism $T \to A$ of varieties over $K$. In this note we show that, if $T$ admits no $K$-point, the data $(T,Z)$ determines a torsor $A^{(T,Z)}$ over $K$ under $A$ and a $K$-morphism $T \to A^{(T,Z)}$. This can be used to provide an obstruction to the …

This weekend I listened to the 'How to Age Up' podcast on climate change. A lot of good observations for how parents can help their children process the daily news cycle and manage their anxiety about the future.
Turns out one effective strategy is one I keep hearing from so many different sources - you build community. Building community makes communities more resilient. Building community makes you feel less alone - so you can help do the work to combat climate change/racism/…

Single-photon loading of polar molecules into an optical trap
Bart J. Schellenberg, Eifion H. Prinsen, Janko Nauta, Luk\'a\v{s} F. Pa\v{s}teka, Anastasia Borschevsky, Steven Hoekstra
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17521 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.17521 https://arxiv.org/html/2507.17521
arXiv:2507.17521v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: We propose a scheme to transfer molecules from a slow beam into an optical trap using only a single photon absorption and emission cycle. The efficiency of such a scheme is numerically explored for BaF using realistic experimental parameters. The technique makes use of the state-dependent potential in an external electric field to trap molecules from an initial velocity of order 10m/s. A rapid optical transition at the point where the molecules come to a standstill in the electric field potential irreversibly transfers them into a ~7mK optical dipole trap. For a pulsed Stark decelerated beam, we estimated the per-shot efficiency to be ~0.04% or up to ~103 molecules, with a potential factor 20 improvement when the fields are synchronously modulated with the arriving velocity components. The irreversibility of the scheme allows for larger numbers to be built up over time. Since this scheme does not rely on a closed cycling transition for laser cooling, it broadens the range of molecules that can be used for research on cold molecular chemistry, quantum information, and fundamental interactions in optical traps.
toXiv_bot_toot

Broadband amplification of light through adiabatic spatiotemporal modulation
M. H. Mostafa, M. S. Mirmoosa, E. Galiffi, S. Yin, A. Al\`u, S. A. Tretyakov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20358

Broadband amplification of light through adiabatic spatiotemporal modulation
Four-dimensional optics leverages the simultaneous control of materials in space and time to manipulate light. A key challenge in experimentally realizing many intriguing phenomena is the need for rapid modulation, which is hindered by the inherently adiabatic relaxation of optical materials. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that broadband amplification can be achieved without the need for sub-cycle temporal responses, instead leveraging adiabatic spatiotemporal modulation patterns. The propo…

Life Cycle Analysis for Emissions of Scientific Computing Centres
Wim Vanderbauwhede, Mattias Wadenstein
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14365 https://

Life Cycle Analysis for Emissions of Scientific Computing Centres
We propose a dedicated model to assist with the life cycle analysis of emissions of scientific computing centres. The model takes into account both the embodied carbon and emissions from use, as well as other factors such as data centre power usage efficiency, data centre expansion, hardware replacement, increase in energy efficiency of next-generation hardware, reduction in carbon intensity of the electricity supply and potential for heat reuse. If differs from existing models in its detailed …

stop the cycle ❌

The optimal binding function for (cap, even hole)-free graphs
Ran Chen, Baogang Xu, Yian Xu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19580 https://…

The optimal binding function for (cap, even hole)-free graphs
A {\em hole} is an induced cycle of length at least 4, an {\em even hole} is a hole of even length, and a {\em cap} is a graph obtained from a hole by adding an additional vertex which is adjacent exactly to two adjacent vertices of the hole. A graph $G$ obtained from a graph $H$ by blowing up all the vertices into cliques is said to be a clique blowup of $H$. Let $p, q$ be two positive integers with $p>2q$, let $F$ be a triangle-free graph, and let $G'$ be a clique blowup of $F$ with $ω(G')\l…

The arts and education — when they are at their best, anyway — have in common this deep root: they ask us to see and to think and to feel, to see with fresh eyes, to be aware of our own seeing, to be •active• in our seeing.
In that way, both the arts and education are antidotes to the AI hype cycle, and similar endeavors of capitalism run amok.
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Weak Bursts on Slowly Accreting Neutron Stars
Sierra Casten, Simon Guichandut, Andrew Cumming, Edward F. Brown
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15818 https://

Weak Bursts on Slowly Accreting Neutron Stars
Nearly all observed thermonuclear X-ray bursts are thought to be triggered by the thermally unstable triple-alpha process. Unlike in accreting white dwarfs, the $\gtrsim10^{8} \mathrm{K}$ envelope temperature forces hydrogen burning to proceed via the $β$-limited, thermally stable hot CNO cycle. Recent observations of weak X-ray bursts from SAX J1808.4-3658 occurring within 1-3 days of the onset of an accretion outburst have raised the question that these bursts were triggered by thermally uns…

Yesterday we received Auchencairn Climate Transition's new hand-cycle (ours is the yellow one), and I got shown around the key points of maintaining it and adapting it to fit riders. This extends our hire bike fleet so that we can now support riders with leg function impairments.
In practice we'll be sharing this with other 'try a bike' projects locally.
#BikeTooter

🚬 Cars Are Caught in an Endless Cycle of Bigger Screens Nobody Really Likes
https://www.thedrive.com/news/cars-are-caught-in-an-endless-cycle-of-bigger-screens-nobody-really-likes

Cars Are Caught in an Endless Cycle of Bigger Screens Nobody Really Likes
J.D. Power's 2025 Initial Quality Study is out, and infotainment is once again the villain.

How flexible do we need to be? Using electricity systems models to identify optimal designs for flexible carbon capture storage system for gas-fired power plants
Fangwei Cheng, Qian Luo, Jesse Jenkins
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18626

How flexible do we need to be? Using electricity systems models to identify optimal designs for flexible carbon capture storage system for gas-fired power plants
As the share of variable renewable energy in power systems grows, enhancing the operational flexibility of combined cycle gas turbines with carbon capture and storage (CCGT-CCS) becomes increasingly valuable. This study integrates techno-economic analysis with capacity expansion modeling to quantify the value of improved CCGT-CCS flexibility-such as lower start-up costs, reduced minimum generation, faster ramping, and shorter up/down times-at both plant and system levels. Using the Texas power …

Longest odd cycles in non-bipartite $C_{2k 1}$-free graphs
Rui Wang, Shipeng Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.16199 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.16199

Longest odd cycles in non-bipartite $C_{2k+1}$-free graphs
In strengthening a result of Andrásfai, Erdős and Sós in 1974, Häggkvist proved that if $G$ is an $n$-vertex $C_{2k+1}$-free graph with minimum degree $δ(G)>\frac{2n}{2k+3}$ and $n>\binom{k+2}{2}(2k+3)(3k+2)$, then $G$ contains no odd cycle of length greater than $\frac{k+1}{2}$. This result has many applications.In this paper, we consider a similar problem by replacing minimum degree condition with edge number condition. We prove that for integers $n,k,r$ with $k\geq 2,3\leq r\leq 2k$ and…

Inside Google's Reliability Labs, where it stress tests Pixel phones and watches; Google claims the Pixel 10 Pro Fold can withstand 10 years of folding (Julian Chokkattu/Wired)
https://www.wired.com/story/google-reliability-labs-exclusive-look/

An Exclusive Look at Reliability Labs, Where Google Stress Tests Pixel Hardware
Google runs an array of tests on its Pixel phones and smartwatches throughout the development cycle. Here's a peek behind the curtain of what that testing looks like.

Cycling in Ribble Valley
#Cycle routes
The Ribble Valley has miles of scenic country roads of which many are ideal for riding your bicycle. To the right are some downloadable maps and leaflets detailing these routes.​​​​
You can download several other routes across not only the Ribble Valley but Lancashire as a whole by visiting Lancashire County Council's dedicated

Linearly-polarized few-cycle pulses drive carrier envelope phase-sensitive coherent magnetization injection
Ofer Neufeld
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15490 h…

Linearly-polarized few-cycle pulses drive carrier envelope phase-sensitive coherent magnetization injection
Circularly-polarized light is well-known to induce, or flip the direction of, magnetization in solids. At its heart, this arises from time-reversal symmetry breaking by the vector potential, causing inverse-Faraday or analogous physical effects. We show here that very short few-cycle pulses can cause similar phenomena even when they are linearly-polarized and off-resonant. We analyze the new effect with ab-initio calculations and demonstrate that it similarly arises due to broken time-reversal …

Radical property of the traces of the canonical modules of Cohen-Macaulay rings
Mitsuhiro Miyazaki
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.17987 https://

Radical property of the traces of the canonical modules of Cohen-Macaulay rings
In this paper, we define a new concept of Noetherian commutative rings which stands between Gorenstein and Cohen-Macaulay properties. We show that this new property keep hold under common operations of commutative rings such as localization, polynomial extension and under mild assumptions, flat extension, tensor product, Segre product and so on. We show that for Schubert cycles, the Ehrhart rings of cycle graphs and perfect graphs, this new concept is close to Gorenstein property.

Unveiling the galactic baryon cycle process by an empirical model
Yaoxin Chen, Xi Kang, Hong Guo, Hou-Zun Chen, Jiafeng Lu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12209

Unveiling the galactic baryon cycle process by an empirical model
We propose an empirical model to describe and constrain the baryon cycle process during galaxy evolution. This model utilizes the evolution of star formation rate, derived from the stellar mass-halo mass relations (SHMRs) across different redshifts, and the cold gas content, derived from the NeutralUniverseMachine model, to constrain gas accretion and recycle of gas outflow in the model galaxy. Additionally, through detailed modeling of each cycle process, particularly the recycling process, an…

Cycle of Creativity – Inspire, Create, Rest, Repeat #creativity #inspiration https://muz4now.com/2023/cy…

Cycle of Creativity - Inspire, Create, Rest, Repeat
Stan Stewart - @muz4now

The vanishing of the long photometric cycle in AU Monocerotis
L. Celed\'on, R. E. Mennickent, D. Barr\'ia, J. Garc\'es, M. Jurkovi\'c
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12559

The vanishing of the long photometric cycle in AU Monocerotis
Double periodic variables (DPVs) are a group of semi-detached interacting binaries that exhibit a long photometric cycle with an average length of $\sim33$ times the orbital period of the system. It has been proposed that this long photometric cycle originates from a modulated mass transfer rate from the donor star, which itself is driven by an internal magnetic dynamo. One of the most well-studied DPVs in the Milky Way is AU Monocerotis (AU Mon). We aim to enhance our understanding of the long…

🇺🇦 #NowPlaying on BBCRadio3's #NewGenerationArtists
Fergus McCreadie, Fergus McCreadie & Chaos String Quartet:
🎵 Life Cycle
#FergusMcCreadie #ChaosStringQuartet

Replaced article(s) found for astro-ph.HE. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.HE/new
[2/2]:
- Precision mass measurements around ${}^{84}$Mo rule out ZrNb cycle formation in the rapid proton-...
S. Kimura, et al.

🇺🇦 #NowPlaying on KEXP's #VarietyMix
Yaya Bey:
🎵 spin cycle
#YayaBey
https://yayabey.bandcamp.com/track/spin-cycle
https://open.spotify.com/track/2vBjZFdR2y2TAoDzvFJmD5

Commure, which provides ambient AI, revenue cycle management, and workflow automation tools for healthcare providers, raised $200M from General Catalyst (Erin Brodwin/Axios)
https://www.axios.com/pro/health-tech-deals/2025/06/19/commure-…

Commure raises $200M from GC's marketing fund
The company's CEO says it may also raise another round of capital later this year.

Elliptic constant cycle curves on Kummer surfaces
Jiexiang Huang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.06260 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.06260

Elliptic constant cycle curves on Kummer surfaces
The order of a constant cycle curve $C \subset X$ on a K3 surface, defined by Huybrechts, is a positive integer that measures the obstruction to decomposing the diagonal class $Δ_C$ in the Chow group $\mathrm{CH}^2(X \times C)$. In this paper, we compute the order of elliptic constant cycle curves that naturally arise on Kummer surfaces, by passing to the transcendental intermediate Jacobian $J_{\mathrm{tr}}^3(X \times C)$. As a consequence, every $n \in \mathbb{N}$ can be realized as the orde…

Unavoidable butterfly minors in digraphs of large cycle rank
Meike Hatzel, O-joung Kwon, Myounghwan Lee, Sebastian Wiederrecht
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11814

Unavoidable butterfly minors in digraphs of large cycle rank
Cycle rank is one of the depth parameters for digraphs introduced by Eggan in 1963. We show that there exists a function $f:\mathbb{N}\to \mathbb{N}$ such that every digraph of cycle rank at least $f(k)$ contains a directed cycle chain, a directed ladder, or a directed tree chain of order $k$ as a butterfly minor. We also investigate a new connection between cycle rank and a directed analogue of the weak coloring number of graphs.

The largest Forbush decrease in 20 years: Preliminary analysis of SEVAN network observations
A. Chilingarian, T. Karapetyan, B. Sargsyan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.17917

The largest Forbush decrease in 20 years: Preliminary analysis of SEVAN network observations
We present a preliminary analysis of the largest Forbush Decrease (FD) observed in solar cycle 25 using SEVAN network data. Triggered by consecutive Earth-directed CMEs on May 30 and 31, 2025, this event produced two distinct FD minima and a prolonged recovery, with significant anisotropies in cosmic ray response across the network. The timing of interplanetary shock arrivals was confirmed by SSC signatures at 05:22 UTC on June 1 and 10:19 UTC on June 2, marking the onset of each FD phase. The …

Eddy #Merckx ;-)
Ferrovelo Cycle Works. Vintage and Classic bicycle projects. Builds | Restorations | Collections.
#colnago #ferrovelocycleworks

The effect of poloidal magnetic field and helicity injection on a breakout CME
Nitin Vashishtha, Vaibhav Pant, Dana-Camelia Talpeanu, Dipankar Banerjee, Shantanu Rastogi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13835

The effect of poloidal magnetic field and helicity injection on a breakout CME
Coronal mass ejections (CMEs), as crucial drivers of space weather, necessitate a comprehensive understanding of their initiation and evolution in the solar corona, in order to better predict their propagation. Solar Cycle 24 exhibited lower sunspot numbers compared to Solar Cycle 23, along with a decrease in the heliospheric magnetic pressure. Consequently, a higher frequency of weak CMEs was observed during Solar Cycle 24. Forecasting CMEs is vital, and various methods, primarily involving th…

Temporal pattern generation with tunable repetition rate using semiconductor laser periodic dynamics
Apostolos Argyris
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18570 htt…

Temporal pattern generation with tunable repetition rate using semiconductor laser periodic dynamics
In this work, a long-cavity semiconductor laser subject to optical feedback is exploited to generate repetitive temporal patterns with enhanced intra-pattern sample diversity. Stable limit cycle dynamics characterized by multiple frequency harmonics are experimentally demonstrated by considering a 2 m external cavity with appropriate optical feedback conditions. This simple configuration can enable stable and continuous generation of periodic waveforms with a tunable repetition rate ranging fro…

Taking a Break at Cosmic Noon: Continuum-selected Low-mass Galaxies Require Long Burst Cycles
Abby Mintz, David J. Setton, Jenny E. Greene, Joel Leja, Bingjie Wang, Emilie Burnham, Katherine A. Suess, Hakim Atek, Rachel Bezanson, Gabriel Brammer, Sam E. Cutler, Pratika Dayal, Robert Feldmann, Lukas J. Furtak, Karl Glazebrook, Gourav Khullar, Vasily Kokorev, Ivo Labb\'e, Michael V. Maseda, Tim B. Miller, Ikki Mitsuhashi, Themiya Nanayakkara, Richard Pan, Sedona H. Price, John R. Wea…

Taking a Break at Cosmic Noon: Continuum-selected Low-mass Galaxies Require Long Burst Cycles
While bursty star formation in low-mass galaxies has been observed in local populations and reproduced in simulations, the dormant phase of the burst cycle has not been well studied beyond the local Universe due to observational limitations. We present a unique sample of 41 JWST PRISM spectra of low-mass galaxies ($M_\star < 10^{9.5}\,M_\odot$) at cosmic noon ($1

On the Penumbra-to-Umbra Ratio from 1660 to 1676
Nadezhda Zolotova, Mikhail Vokhmyanin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18361 https://arxiv…

On the Penumbra-to-Umbra Ratio from 1660 to 1676
Sunspot engravings made in the Maunder minimum are used to evaluate the fine structure of sunspots. Based on 78 images of the full solar disk and 77 images of individual sunspots, we have evaluated the ratio of penumbral-to-umbral area (P/U) to be 4.2 $\pm$ 2.5 and 3.8 $\pm$ 2.3, respectively. These results are consistent with previous estimates before, during, and after the Maunder minimum, as well as with the P/U ratio observed in the largest sunspot groups in solar cycle 24. This suggests th…

The US Senate passes the Genius Act, which establishes a regulatory framework for stablecoins; the bill now heads to the House (MacKenzie Sigalos/CNBC)
https://www.cnbc.com/2025/06/17/genius-stablecoin-bill-crypto.html

Senate passes GENIUS stablecoin bill, giving crypto industry first major legislative win
This is the first legislative victory for the digital asset industry, which put around $250 million in the 2024 election cycle.

Finding a long cycle in a percolated vertex expander
Lawrence Hollom
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12162 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.1216…

Finding a long cycle in a percolated vertex expander
Given a graph $G$, the percolated graph $G_p$ has each edge independently retained with probability $p$. Collares, Diskin, Erde, and Krivelevich initiated the study of large structures in percolated single-scale vertex expanders, wherein every set of exactly $k$ vertices of $G$ has at least $dk$ neighbours before percolation. We extend their result to a conjectured stronger form, proving that if $p = (1+\varepsilon)/d$ and $G$ expands as above, then $G_p$ fails to contain a cycle of length $Ω_…

Ramsey numbers for sparse graphs versus path or cycle
Chunchao Fan, Qizhong Lin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11835 https://arxiv.org/pd…

Ramsey numbers for sparse graphs versus path or cycle
For any integer $k\ge3$, let $G$ be a connected graph with $n\ge Ω(k^4)$ vertices and no more than $(1+\frac{1}{ck^2})n$ edges where $c>0$ is a constant, and $P_k$ or $C_k$ a path or cycle with $k$ vertices. In this paper we prove that if $k$ is odd then $r(G,C_k)=2n-1$. Moreover, \[ r(G,P_k)=\max\left\{n+\left\lfloor\frac k2\right\rfloor-1, n+k-2-α'-γ\right\}, \] where $α'$ is the independence number of an appropriate subgraph of $G$ and $γ=0$ if $k-1$ divides $n+k-3-α'$ and $γ=1$ other…

The PGPUC horizontal branch evolutionary tracks
A. A. R. Valcarce (UTA), M. Catelan (PUC-Chile, MAS), S. Alves (UTA), F. Gonzalez-Bordon (UTA)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16562

The PGPUC horizontal branch evolutionary tracks
The horizontal branch (HB) phase of stellar evolution plays a critical role in understanding the life cycle of stars, particularly in the context of low-mass stars. However, generating theoretical evolutionary tracks for HB stars is computationally intensive, especially when attempting to match a wide range of observational data. This work presents an extensive grid of HB evolutionary tracks computed using the PGPUC code, covering a broad range of chemical compositions, progenitor masses, and a…

Activity-Cycle Variations of Convection Scales in Subsurface Layers of the Sun
Alexander V. Getling, Alexander G. Kosovichev
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12465 https://

Activity-Cycle Variations of Convection Scales in Subsurface Layers of the Sun
We use subsurface-flow velocity maps inferred by time--distance helioseismology from Doppler measurements with the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) of the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) to investigate variations of large-scale convection during Solar Cycles 24 and 25 in the 19-Mm-deep layer. The spatial power spectra of the horizontal-flow divergence reveal well-defined characteristic scales of solar supergranulation in the upper 4 Mm layer, while the giant-cell scale is prominent below…

Planar Tur\'an number of disjoint union of $C_3$ and $C_5$
Luyi Li, Ping Li, Guiying Yan, Qiang Zhou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16351 https://

Planar Turán number of disjoint union of $C_3$ and $C_5$
The planar Turán number of $H$, denoted by $ex_{\mathcal{P}}(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex $H$-free planar graph. The planar Turán number of $k\geq 3$ vertex-disjoint union of cycles is the trivial value $3n-6$. Let $C_{\ell}$ denote the cycle of length $\ell$ and $C_{\ell}\cup C_t$ denote the union of disjoint cycles $C_{\ell}$ and $C_t$. The planar Turán number $ex_{\mathcal{P}}(n,H)$ is known if $H=C_{\ell}\cup C_k$, where $\ell,k\in \{3,4\}$. In this paper, we de…

Spanning path-cycle systems with given end-vertices in regular graphs (full version)
Yoshimi Egawa, Mikio Kano, Kenta Ozeki
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11302 https://

Spanning path-cycle systems with given end-vertices in regular graphs (full version)
We prove the following theorem. Let $r\ge 4$ be an integer, and $G$ be a $K_{1,r}$-free $r$-edge-connected $r$-regular graph. Then, for every set $W$ of even number of vertices of $G$ such that the distance between any two vertices of $W$ in $G$ is at least 3, $G$ has vertex-disjoint paths and cycles $P_1, \ldots, P_m, C_1, \ldots, C_n$ such that (i) $V(G)=V(P_1) \cup \cdots \cup V(P_m) \cup V(C_1) \cup \cdots \cup V(C_n)$, (ii) each path $P_i$ connects two vertices of $W$, and (iii) the set of…

Short monochromatic odd cycles
Oliver Janzer, Fredy Yip
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14910 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.14910

Short monochromatic odd cycles
It is easy to see that every $k$-edge-colouring of the complete graph on $2^k+1$ vertices contains a monochromatic odd cycle. In 1973, Erdős and Graham asked to estimate the smallest $L(k)$ such that every $k$-edge-colouring of $K_{2^k+1}$ contains a monochromatic odd cycle of length at most $L(k)$. Recently, Girão and Hunter obtained the first nontrivial upper bound by showing that $L(k)=O(\frac{2^k}{k^{1-o(1)}})$, which improves the trivial bound by a polynomial factor. We obtain an exponen…

Factorizations in Hecke algebras I: long cycle factorizations and Jucys-Murphy elements
Jose Bastidas, Sarah Brauner, Mathieu Guay-Paquet, Alejandro H. Morales, GaYee Park, Franco Saliola
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.08883

Factorizations in Hecke algebras I: long cycle factorizations and Jucys-Murphy elements
Given a permutation, there is a well-developed literature studying the number of ways one can factor it into a product of other permutations subject to certain conditions. We initiate the analogous theory for the type A Iwahori-Hecke algebra by generalizing the notion of factorization in terms of the Jucys-Murphy elements. Some of the oldest and most foundational factorization results for the symmetric groups pertain to the long cycle. Our main results give q-deformations of these long cycle fa…

On $2$-connected graphs avoiding cycles of length $0$ modulo $4$
Hojin Chu, Boram Park, Homoon Ryu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12798 https://

On $2$-connected graphs avoiding cycles of length $0$ modulo $4$
For two integers $k$ and $\ell$, an $(\ell \text{ mod }k)$-cycle means a cycle of length $m$ such that $m\equiv \ell\pmod{k}$. In 1977, Bollobás proved a conjecture of Burr and Erdős by showing that if $\ell$ is even or $k$ is odd, then every $n$-vertex graph containing no $(\ell \text{ mod }k)$-cycles has at most a linear number of edges in terms of $n$. Since then, determining the exact extremal bounds for graphs without $(\ell \text{ mod }k)$-cycles has emerged as an interesting question i…

Counting Small Cycle Double Covers
Jorik Jooken, Ben Seamone, Carol T. Zamfirescu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10604 https://arxiv.org/…

Counting Small Cycle Double Covers
A theorem due to Seyffarth states that every planar $4$-connected $n$-vertex graph has a cycle double cover (CDC) containing at most $n-1$ cycles (a "small" CDC). We extend this theorem by proving that, in fact, such a graph must contain linearly many small CDCs (in terms of $n$), and provide stronger results in the case of planar $4$-connected triangulations. We complement this result with constructions of planar $4$-connected graphs which contain at most polynomially many small CDCs. Thereaft…

Odd list-coloring of graphs of small Euler genus with no short cycles of specific types
Rishi Balaji, Victoria Khazhinsky, Chun-Hung Liu, Kevin Qin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15255

Odd list-coloring of graphs of small Euler genus with no short cycles of specific types
Odd coloring is a variant of proper coloring and has received wide attention. We study the list-coloring version of this notion in this paper. We prove that if $G$ is a graph embeddable in the torus or the Klein bottle with no cycle of length 3, 4, and 6 such that no 5-cycles share an edge, then for every function $L$ that assigns each vertex of $G$ a set $L(v)$ of size 5, there exists a proper coloring that assigns each vertex $v$ of $G$ an element of $L(v)$ such that for every non-isolated ve…

Characterizations of certain matroids by maximizing valuative invariants
Joseph E. Bonin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14720 https://arx…

Characterizations of certain matroids by maximizing valuative invariants
Luis Ferroni and Alex Fink recently introduced a polytope of all unlabeled matroids of rank $r$ on $n$ elements, and they showed that the vertices of this polytope come from matroids that can be characterized by maximizing a sequence of valuative invariants. We prove that a number of the matroids that they conjectured to yield vertices indeed do (these include cycle matroids of complete graphs, projective geometries, and Dowling geometries), and we give additional examples (including truncation…

The Complexity of Color-constrained Paths in Semicomplete Multipartite Digraphs
Julian Brinkmann
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15667 https://

The Complexity of Color-constrained Paths in Semicomplete Multipartite Digraphs
Every semicomplete multipartite digraph contains a quasi-Hamiltonian path, but the problem of finding a quasi-Hamiltonian path with prescribed start and end vertex is NP-complete even when restricted to semicomplete multipartite digraphs with independence number exactly 3. Bang-Jensen, Wang and Yeo (arXiv 2024) showed that deciding the presence of a quasi-Hamiltonian cycle which does not contain at least one vertex from each color class is NP-complete. Similarly, deciding the presence of a quas…