Tootfinder

MiCo: Multi-image Contrast for Reinforcement Visual Reasoning
Xi Chen, Mingkang Zhu, Shaoteng Liu, Xiaoyang Wu, Xiaogang Xu, Yu Liu, Xiang Bai, Hengshuang Zhao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22434

MiCo: Multi-image Contrast for Reinforcement Visual Reasoning
This work explores enabling Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning to link visual cues across multiple images. A straightforward solution is to adapt rule-based reinforcement learning for Vision-Language Models (VLMs). However, such methods typically rely on manually curated question-answer pairs, which can be particularly challenging when dealing with fine grained visual details and complex logic across images. Inspired by self-supervised visual representation learning, we observe that images contai…

A Modified Dielectric Contrast based Integral Equation for 2D TE Scattering by Inhomogeneous Domains
Akshay Pratap Singh, Kuldeep Singh, Rajendra Mitharwal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19777

A Modified Dielectric Contrast based Integral Equation for 2D TE Scattering by Inhomogeneous Domains
This work presents a modified domain integral equation approach for the forward problem of TE scattering, employing a modified definition of dielectric contrast and discretizing the electric field density using Rao-Wilton-Glisson (RWG) basis functions. The proposed formulation mitigates the numerical challenges introduced by the gradient-divergence operator in traditional electric field-based vector formulations. The use of RWG basis functions over triangular meshes enhances geometric conformit…

Generating Synthetic Contrast-Enhanced Chest CT Images from Non-Contrast Scans Using Slice-Consistent Brownian Bridge Diffusion Network
Pouya Shiri, Xin Yi, Neel P. Mistry, Samaneh Javadinia, Mohammad Chegini, Seok-Bum Ko, Amirali Baniasadi, Scott J. Adams
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.16897

Generating Synthetic Contrast-Enhanced Chest CT Images from Non-Contrast Scans Using Slice-Consistent Brownian Bridge Diffusion Network
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) imaging is essential for diagnosing and monitoring thoracic diseases, including aortic pathologies. However, contrast agents pose risks such as nephrotoxicity and allergic-like reactions. The ability to generate high-fidelity synthetic contrast-enhanced CT angiography (CTA) images without contrast administration would be transformative, enhancing patient safety and accessibility while reducing healthcare costs. In this study, we propose the first bridg…

Enhancement of J x B electron acceleration with the micro-structured target and picosecond high-contrast relativistic-intensity laser pulse
Ryunosuke Takizawa, Yuga Karaki, Hiroki Matsubara, Rinya Akematsu, Ryou Oomura, Law King Fai Farley, Hiroshi Azechi, Natsumi Iwata, Tomoyuki Johzaki, Yasuhiko Sentoku, Shinsuke Fujioka
https://

Enhancement of J x B electron acceleration with the micro-structured target and picosecond high-contrast relativistic-intensity laser pulse
Efficient generation of multi-hundred-keV electrons is essential for isochoric heating and can influence ion acceleration. We investigated electron acceleration from copper-oleate foil targets, either planar or coated with a gold mesh structure (bar width $5,μ\mathrm{m}$, spacing $7.5,μ\mathrm{m}$, thickness $\sim6,μ\mathrm{m}$), irradiated by $1.5$-ps, $350$-J LFEX laser pulses. Two laser-contrast conditions were examined: high ($\sim10^{10}$, with a plasma mirror) and low ($\sim10^{8}$, wi…

Polarization aberration modeling of internal occulters for coronagraphs
Emory L. Jenkins, A J Eldorado Riggs, Ewan S. Douglas, Ramya M. Anche, Dylan M. McKeithen, Stuart B. Shaklan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19397

Polarization aberration modeling of internal occulters for coronagraphs
The Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) is a flagship mission concept proposing to characterize earth-like exoplanets at high contrast with a coronagraph instrument. The most in-depth, validated contrast error budgets made to date have been at the $10^{-9}$ planet-to-star contrast levels for the Roman Space Telescope. To obtain the raw contrast levels of $\leq 10^{-10}$ contrast needed for HWO, more modeling is needed of the vector diffraction effects within a coronagraph instrument. Several cor…

A free boundary approach to non-scattering obstacles with vanishing contrast
Mikko Salo, Henrik Shahgholian
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22328 https://

A free boundary approach to non-scattering obstacles with vanishing contrast
Motivated by questions in inverse scattering theory, we develop free boundary methods in obstacle problems where both the solution and the right hand side of the equation may have varying sign. The key condition that prevents the appearance of corners is that the right hand side should be related to a harmonic polynomial. In this setting we prove new free boundary results not found in existing literature. Notably, our results imply that piecewise $C^1$ or convex penetrable obstacles in two dime…

Information in 4D-STEM: Where it is, and How to Use it
Desheng Ma, Guanxing Li, David A Muller, Steven E Zeltmann
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21034 https://…

Information in 4D-STEM: Where it is, and How to Use it
Contrast transfer mechanisms for electron scattering have been extensively studied in transmission electron microscopy. Here we revisit H. Rose's generalized contrast formalism from scattering theory to understand where information is encoded in four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) data, and consequently identify new imaging modes that can also serve as crude but fast approximations to ptychography. We show that tilt correction and summation of the symmetric and …

Setting The Table with Intent: Intent-aware Schema Generation and Editing for Literature Review Tables
Vishakh Padmakumar, Joseph Chee Chang, Kyle Lo, Doug Downey, Aakanksha Naik
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19521

Setting The Table with Intent: Intent-aware Schema Generation and Editing for Literature Review Tables
The increasing volume of academic literature makes it essential for researchers to organize, compare, and contrast collections of documents. Large language models (LLMs) can support this process by generating schemas defining shared aspects along which to compare papers. However, progress on schema generation has been slow due to: (i) ambiguity in reference-based evaluations, and (ii) lack of editing/refinement methods. Our work is the first to address both issues. First, we present an approach…

Identification and Properties of Topological States in the Bulk of Quasicrystals
Frode Balling-Ans{\o}, Jeppe Lykke Krogh, Ella Elisabeth Lassen, Anne E. B. Nielsen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20722

Identification and Properties of Topological States in the Bulk of Quasicrystals
In contrast to the usual bulk-boundary correspondence, topological states localized within the bulk of the system have been numerically identified in quasicrystalline structures, termed bulk localized transport (BLT) states. These states exhibit properties different from edge states, one example being that the number of BLT states scales with system size, while the number of edge states scales with system perimeter. Here, we define an algorithm to identify BLT states, which is based on the phys…

Provable Benefits of In-Tool Learning for Large Language Models
Sam Houliston, Ambroise Odonnat, Charles Arnal, Vivien Cabannes
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20755 https://

Provable Benefits of In-Tool Learning for Large Language Models
Tool-augmented language models, equipped with retrieval, memory, or external APIs, are reshaping AI, yet their theoretical advantages remain underexplored. In this paper, we address this question by demonstrating the benefits of in-tool learning (external retrieval) over in-weight learning (memorization) for factual recall. We show that the number of facts a model can memorize solely in its weights is fundamentally limited by its parameter count. In contrast, we prove that tool-use enables unbo…

Ark: An Open-source Python-based Framework for Robot Learning
Magnus Dierking, Christopher E. Mower, Sarthak Das, Huang Helong, Jiacheng Qiu, Cody Reading, Wei Chen, Huidong Liang, Huang Guowei, Jan Peters, Quan Xingyue, Jun Wang, Haitham Bou-Ammar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21628

Ark: An Open-source Python-based Framework for Robot Learning
Robotics has made remarkable hardware strides-from DARPA's Urban and Robotics Challenges to the first humanoid-robot kickboxing tournament-yet commercial autonomy still lags behind progress in machine learning. A major bottleneck is software: current robot stacks demand steep learning curves, low-level C/C++ expertise, fragmented tooling, and intricate hardware integration, in stark contrast to the Python-centric, well-documented ecosystems that propelled modern AI. We introduce ARK, an open-so…

Visual Analytics Using Tensor Unified Linear Comparative Analysis
Naoki Okami, Kazuki Miyake, Naohisa Sakamoto, Jorji Nonaka, Takanori Fujiwara
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19988 …

Visual Analytics Using Tensor Unified Linear Comparative Analysis
Comparing tensors and identifying their (dis)similar structures is fundamental in understanding the underlying phenomena for complex data. Tensor decomposition methods help analysts extract tensors' essential characteristics and aid in visual analytics for tensors. In contrast to dimensionality reduction (DR) methods designed only for analyzing a matrix (i.e., second-order tensor), existing tensor decomposition methods do not support flexible comparative analysis. To address this analysis limit…

Find the best contrast between one color and a list of options, e.g. for labels in geom_tile: {prismatic::best_contrast()} https://emilhvitfeldt.github.io/prismatic/reference/best_contrast.html

Holomorphic 1-forms without zeros on K\"ahler threefolds
Simon Pietig
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22067 https://arxiv.org/pdf/250…

Holomorphic 1-forms without zeros on Kähler threefolds
We classify all smooth compact connected Kähler threefolds that admit the structure of a $C^\infty$-fiber bundle over the circle. This generalizes the work of Hao and Schreieder in the projective case. In contrast to the projective case, there cannot always exist a smooth morphism to a positive-dimensional torus. Instead, we show that such a compact Kähler threefold admits a finite étale cover that is bimeromorphic to a $\mathbb{P}^1$-, $\mathbb{P}^2$-, or Hirzebruch surface-bundle over a lo…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.07636 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

Nonlinear Network Identifiability with Full Excitations
We derive conditions for the identifiability of nonlinear networks characterized by additive dynamics at the level of the edges when all the nodes are excited. In contrast to linear systems, we show that the measurement of all sinks is necessary and sufficient for the identifiability of directed acyclic graphs, under the assumption that dynamics are described by analytic functions without constant terms (i.e., $f(0)=0$). But if constant terms are present, then the identifiability is impossible …

Whoa, the #InterstellarComet 3I/ATLAS clearly has a tail now! A raw image taken minutes ago with the GMOS instrument on Gemini South and shared live during the Shadow the Scientists event - I raised the contrast slightly.

Resummation of Cosmological Correlators and their UV-Regularization
Matthias Nowinski, Ivo Sachs
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21224 https://arxiv.org/pdf/250…

Resummation of Cosmological Correlators and their UV-Regularization
Cosmological correlators are important observables in cosmology. They are often approximated by de Sitter space correlators. In this paper, we give a first precise diagrammatical computation of higher loop diagrams to all orders for a conformally coupled scalar in four dimensions. We show that, in contrast to flat space, diagrams of necklace topology do not resum using the natural application of de Sitter-invariant regularization and are thus hard to evaluate. We propose a modification to the U…

A Non-Parametric Choice Model That Learns How Users Choose Between Recommended Options
Thorsten Krause, Harrie Oosterhuis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20035 https://

A Non-Parametric Choice Model That Learns How Users Choose Between Recommended Options
Choice models predict which items users choose from presented options. In recommendation settings, they can infer user preferences while countering exposure bias. In contrast with traditional univariate recommendation models, choice models consider which competitors appeared with the chosen item. This ability allows them to distinguish whether a user chose an item due to preference, i.e., they liked it; or competition, i.e., it was the best available option. Each choice model assumes specific u…

A Fast Parallel Median Filtering Algorithm Using Hierarchical Tiling
Louis Sugy (NVIDIA)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19926 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.19926

A Fast Parallel Median Filtering Algorithm Using Hierarchical Tiling
Median filtering is a non-linear smoothing technique widely used in digital image processing to remove noise while retaining sharp edges. It is particularly well suited to removing outliers (impulse noise) or granular artifacts (speckle noise). However, the high computational cost of median filtering can be prohibitive. Sorting-based algorithms excel with small kernels but scale poorly with increasing kernel diameter, in contrast to constant-time methods characterized by higher constant factors…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.02389 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csIT_…

Rate-reliability tradeoff for deterministic identification
We investigate deterministic identification over arbitrary memoryless channels under the constraint that the error probabilities of first and second kind are exponentially small in the block length $n$, controlled by reliability exponents $E_1,E_2 \geq 0$. In contrast to the regime of slowly vanishing errors, where the identifiable message length scales linearithmically as $Θ(n\log n)$, here we find that for positive exponents linear scaling is restored, now with a rate that is a function of t…

A Functional Data Model and Query Language is All You Need
Jens Dittrich
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20671 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.20671

A Functional Data Model and Query Language is All You Need
We propose the vision of a functional data model (FDM) and an associated functional query language (FQL). Our proposal has far-reaching consequences: we show a path to come up with a modern QL that solves (almost if not) all problems of SQL (NULL-values, impedance mismatch, SQL injection, missing querying capabilities for updates, etc.). FDM and FQL are much more expressive than the relational model and SQL. In addition, in contrast to SQL, FQL integrates smoothly into existing programming lang…

Improving Deep Learning-based Respiratory Sound Analysis with Frequency Selection and Attention Mechanism
Nouhaila Fraihi, Ouassim Karrakchou, Mounir Ghogho
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20052

Improving Deep Learning-based Respiratory Sound Analysis with Frequency Selection and Attention Mechanism
Accurate classification of respiratory sounds requires deep learning models that effectively capture fine-grained acoustic features and long-range temporal dependencies. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are well-suited for extracting local time-frequency patterns but are limited in modeling global context. In contrast, transformer-based models can capture long-range dependencies, albeit with higher computational demands. To address these limitations, we propose a compact CNN-Temporal Self-A…

Measure equivalence and sofic approximations
Thiebout Delabie, Juhani Koivisto, Romain Tessera
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21750 https://

Measure equivalence and sofic approximations
We introduce a technique for producing a measure coupling between two sofic groups from a family of maps between their sofic approximations. We exploit this to construct measure couplings between pairs of groups with prescribed integrability conditions. As an application we show that solvable Baumslag-Solitar groups, Lamplighters and the group SOL are all exponentially measure equivalent to one another: in particular they are L^p measure equivalent for all p. This is in sharp contrast with the …

Adaptive Control of Heterogeneous Platoons with Guaranteed Collision Avoidance
Ashutosh Chandra Pandey, Sayan Basu Roy, Simone Baldi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20493 https://

Adaptive Control of Heterogeneous Platoons with Guaranteed Collision Avoidance
This work proposes a framework for Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control of a vehicular platoon characterized by unidirectional communication and heterogeneous parameters. In the proposed framework, the actual (heterogeneous) platoon is made to converge to a reference (homogeneous) platoon via adaptive laws designed using of set-theoretic model reference adaptive control. Yet, in contrast to the state-of-art that is based on ensuring collision avoidance on the reference platoon dynamics only, the…

Hebbian Memory-Augmented Recurrent Networks: Engram Neurons in Deep Learning
Daniel Szelogowski
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21474 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507…

Hebbian Memory-Augmented Recurrent Networks: Engram Neurons in Deep Learning
Despite success across diverse tasks, current artificial recurrent network architectures rely primarily on implicit hidden-state memories, limiting their interpretability and ability to model long-range dependencies. In contrast, biological neural systems employ explicit, associative memory traces (i.e., engrams) strengthened through Hebbian synaptic plasticity and activated sparsely during recall. Motivated by these neurobiological insights, we introduce the Engram Neural Network (ENN), a nove…

Structural Identifiability and Discrete Symmetries
Xabier Rey Barreiro, Nick Baberuxki, Meskerem Abebaw Mebratie, Alejandro F. Villaverde, Werner M. Seiler
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19884

Structural Identifiability and Discrete Symmetries
We discuss the use of symmetries for analysing the structural identifiability and observability of control systems. Special emphasis is put on the role of discrete symmetries, in contrast to the more commonly studied continuous or Lie symmetries. We argue that discrete symmetries are the origin of parameters which are structurally locally identifiable, but not globally. We exploit this fact to present a methodology for structural identifiability analysis that detects such parameters and charact…

Emergent dynamics of active elastic microbeams
Q. Martinet, Y. Li, A. Aubret, E. Hannezo, J. Palacci
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20642 https://arxiv.org/pdf…

Emergent dynamics of active elastic microbeams
In equilibrium, the physical properties of matter are set by the interactions between the constituents. In contrast, the energy input of the individual components controls the behavior of synthetic or living active matter. Great progress has been made in understanding the emergent phenomena in active fluids, though their inability to resist shear forces hinders their practical use. This motivates the exploration of active solids as shape-shifting materials, yet, we lack controlled synthetic sys…

The invariant rate of energy extraction by polymers in turbulence
Alessandro Chiarini, Rahul K. Singh, Marco E. Rosti
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21510 https://

The invariant rate of energy extraction by polymers in turbulence
Polymeric turbulence, flows of fluids with dilute polymer additives at high Reynolds numbers, exhibits striking deviations from the Kolmogorovean behaviour of Newtonian turbulence. Recent experiments as well as simulations have uncovered a robust self-similar energy spectrum scaling as $k^{-2.3}$, in sharp contrast to the $k^{-5/3}$ scaling of Newtonian flows. The origin of this novel scaling, however, has remained unresolved. In this work, we uncover the underlying physical mechanism responsib…

Check out this piece I wrote for TechTarget on the ten metrics or KPIs that security leaders should track and show to the board.
Thanks to Dave Lindner of Contrast Security, Steve Cobb of SecurityScorecard and Bob Maley of Black Kite for their insight.
https://www.

10 key cybersecurity metrics and KPIs your board wants tracked | TechTarget
Learn about the cybersecurity metrics and KPIs that IT security managers should track to monitor security efforts and keep the board of directors informed.

Survival of higher overdensity cold gas in a turbulent, multiphase medium
Ashwin Vergis George, Hitesh Kishore Das, Max Gronke
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20962 https://

Survival of higher overdensity cold gas in a turbulent, multiphase medium
Cold gas clouds embedded in a hot, turbulent medium are expected to be short-lived due to disruptive hydrodynamic instabilities. However, radiative cooling might allow such clouds to survive and grow. We present 3D \texttt{Athena++} simulations of clouds with a density contrast of $χ= 1000$, exploring turbulent Mach numbers $\mathcal{M}\in (0.25, 0.75)$ and cloud radii chosen to span cooling-to-crushing ratios $α\in [0.001, 10]$. We find a shift in the survival boundary, with cloud survival o…

Counting Chemical Isomers with Multivariate Generating Functions
Rana Shojaei, Thilo Gross
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21713 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.2171…

Counting Chemical Isomers with Multivariate Generating Functions
Counting the number of isomers of a chemical molecule is one of the formative problems of graph theory. However, recent progress has been slow, and the problem has largely been ignored in modern network science. Here we provide an introduction to the mathematics of counting network structures and then use it to derive results for two new classes of molecules. In contrast to previously studied examples, these classes take additional chemical complexity into account and thus require the use of mu…

Tuning adaptive gamma correction (TAGC) for enhancing images in low ligh
Ghufran Abualhail Alhamzawi, Ali Saeed Alfoudi, Ali Hakem Alsaeedi, Suha Mohammed Hadi, Amjed Abbas Ahmed, Md. Riad Hassan, Nurhizam Safie Mohd Satar, Waeel Yahya Yasseen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19574

Tuning adaptive gamma correction (TAGC) for enhancing images in low ligh
Enhancing images in low-light conditions is an important challenge in computer vision. Insufficient illumination negatively affects the quality of images, resulting in low contrast, intensive noise, and blurred details. This paper presents a model for enhancing low-light images called tuning adaptive gamma correction (TAGC). The model is based on analyzing the color luminance of the low-light image and calculating the average color to determine the adaptive gamma coefficient. The gamma value is…

Critical quantum liquids and the cuprate high temperature superconductors
Pietro M. Bonetti, Maine Christos, Alexander Nikolaenko, Aavishkar A. Patel, Subir Sachdev
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20164

Critical quantum liquids and the cuprate high temperature superconductors
We present a theoretical framework for the cuprate superconductors, rooted in a fractionalized Fermi liquid (FL*) description of the intermediate-temperature pseudogap phase at low doping. The FL* theory predicted hole pockets each of fractional area $p/8$ at hole doping $p$, in contrast to the area $p/4$ in a spin density wave state or its thermal fluctuation. A recent magnetotransport observation of the Yamaji angle is in good agreement with area $p/8$. We review a theory for the FL* phase …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.12693 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

Area measures and branched polymers in supercritical Liouville quantum gravity
We study Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) in the supercritical (a.k.a. strongly coupled) phase, which has background charge $Q \in (0,2)$ and central charge $\mathbf{c}_{\mathrm{L}} = 1+6Q^2 \in (1,25)$. Recent works have shown how to define LQG in this phase as a planar random geometry associated with a variant of the Gaussian free field, which exhibits "infinite spikes." In contrast, a number of results from physics, dating back to the 1980s, suggest that supercritical LQG surfaces should beha…

Palm distributions of superposed point processes for statistical inference
Mario Beraha, Federico Camerlenghi, Lorenzo Ghilotti
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20924 https://

Palm distributions of superposed point processes for statistical inference
Palm distributions play a central role in the study of point processes and their associated summary statistics. In this paper, we characterize the Palm distributions of the superposition of two independent point processes, establishing a simple mixture representation depending on the point processes' Palm distributions and moment measures. We explore two statistical applications enabled by our main result. First, we consider minimum contrast estimation for superposed point processes based on Ri…

My article just out:
Progressive Jews (and non-Jews too!) need to revive the social democratic politics of solidarity. It brings poor & middle together, in contrast to the politics of far-left "allyship" & elite charity which both drive them apart.
https://www.

After Zohran Mamdani’s upset, there’s a way forward for pro-Israel progressives
In the fight for economic fairness for all, Jews shouldn't have to give up on defending their particular interests, writes a long-time contributor to Dissent magazine.

Scalable Dip-Coated Bragg Mirrors for Strong Light-Matter Coupling with 2D Perovskites
Melissa M\'endez-Galv\'an, Zaira Saucedo-Ch\'avez, Diana Medrano, Michael Zuarez-Chamba, Yesenia A. Garc\'ia-Jomaso, C\'esar L. Ord\'o\~nez-Romero, Giuseppe Pirruccio, Arturo Camacho-Guardian, Galo J. A. A. Soler-Illia, Hugo A. Lara-Garc\'ia

Scalable Dip-Coated Bragg Mirrors for Strong Light-Matter Coupling with 2D Perovskites
We report a scalable and cost-effective method for fabricating high-performance Bragg mirrors using a bottom-up approach that combines evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) and dip-coating. The photonic crystals are composed of alternating mesoporous SiO$_2$ and dense TiO$_2$ layers, providing a high refractive index contrast ($\sim$0.8). This enables strong reflectance (up to 96%) with as few as five bilayers and precise control of the photonic stop band across the visible spectrum by simpl…

2. Many online accessibility checkers apparently audit text contrast without actually applying `prefers-contrast: more` to the stylesheet. This seems…broken?

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.08915 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@a…

Metal-to-superconductor Transition Induced by Lithium Adsorption on Monolayer 1$T$-Nb$_2$C
Recently, two-dimensional Nb$_2$C has garnered increasing attention due to its functional-group-dependent superconductivity, both experimentally and theoretically. In contrast to the halogen and chalcogen additives that have been the main focus of previous studies, we study the effect of lithium adsorption, which can also be incorporated during the synthesis of Nb$_2$C. Our computational analysis reveals a metal-to-superconductor transition in monolayer Nb$_2$C with a critical temperature ($T_{…

Molecular Mechanisms of Polymer Crosslinking via Thermal Activation
Javed Akhtar, Jogeswar Chhatria, Sooraj Kunnikuruvan, Satyesh K. Yadav, Tarak K. Patra
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21143

Molecular Mechanisms of Polymer Crosslinking via Thermal Activation
Developing efficient and universal polymer crosslinking strategies is pivotal for advanced material design, especially for challenging matrixes like polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene. Traditional crosslinkers such as divinylbenzene (DVB) often requires high-temperature radical initiators and are limited by poor compatibility with saturated hydrocarbon matrices. In contrast, bis-diazirine (BD) crosslinkers offer a promising alternative by harnessing thermally or photochemically genera…

On the Security of a Code-Based PIR Scheme
Svenja Lage, Hannes Bartz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19295 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.19295

On the Security of a Code-Based PIR Scheme
Private Information Retrieval (PIR) schemes allow clients to retrieve files from a database without disclosing the requested file's identity to the server. In the pursuit of post-quantum security, most recent PIR schemes rely on hard lattice problems. In contrast, the so called CB-cPIR scheme stands out as a pioneering effort to base PIR schemes on hard problems in coding theory, thereby contributing significantly to the diversification of security foundations. However, our research reveals a c…

Eigenvalue spectral tails and localization properties of asymmetric networks
Pietro Valigi, Joseph W. Baron, Izaak Neri, Giulio Biroli, Chiara Cammarota
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20225

Eigenvalue spectral tails and localization properties of asymmetric networks
In contrast to the neatly bounded spectra of densely populated large random matrices, sparse random matrices often exhibit unbounded eigenvalue tails on the real and imaginary axis, called Lifshitz tails. In the case of asymmetric matrices, concise mathematical results have proved elusive. In this work, we present an analytical approach to characterising these tails. We exploit the fact that eigenvalues in the tail region have corresponding eigenvectors that are exponentially localised on highl…

Optimized cerebral blood flow measurement in speckle contrast optical spectroscopy via refinement of noise calibration
Ninghe Liu, Yu Xi Huang, Simon Mahler, Changhuei Yang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15843

Optimized cerebral blood flow measurement in speckle contrast optical spectroscopy via refinement of noise calibration
Speckle contrast optical spectroscopy (SCOS) offers a non-invasive and cost-effective method for monitoring cerebral blood flow (CBF). However, extracting accurate CBF from SCOS necessitates precise noise pre-calibration. Errors from this can degrade CBF measurement fidelity, particularly when the overall signal level is low. Such errors primarily stem from residual speckle contrast associated with camera and shot noise, whose fluctuations exhibit a temporal structure that mimics cerebral blood…

Switched this server to my new #Hetzner Object Storage backend. Also switched from #NGINX as reverse proxy to #Caddy.

City Corners 🏙️
城市角落 🏙️
📷 Minolta Hi-Matic AF
🎞️ILFORD FP4 Plus, expired 1995
buy me ☕️ ?/请我喝杯☕️？
#filmphotography

Yiding Cao Geld mit PayPal.Me senden
Folgen Sie dem Link PayPal.Me/dingsterdingster und geben Sie den Betrag ein. Es ist bequem und sicher. Sie haben noch kein PayPal-Konto? Kein Problem.

On algebraic vector bundles of rank $2$ over smooth affine fourfolds
Thomas Brazelton, Morgan Opie, Tariq Syed
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21029 https://arx…

On algebraic vector bundles of rank $2$ over smooth affine fourfolds
The classification of algebraic vector bundles of rank 2 over smooth affine fourfolds is a notoriously difficult problem. Isomorphism classes of such vector bundles are not uniquely determined by their Chern classes, in contrast to the situation in lower dimensions. Given a smooth affine fourfold over an algebraically closed field of characteristic not equal to $2$ or $3$, we study cohomological criteria for finiteness of the fibers of the Chern class map for rank $2$ bundles. As a consequence,…

Signal-to-noise and spatial resolution in in-line imaging. 2. Phase-contrast tomography
T. E. Gureyev, D. M. Paganin, K. M. Pavlov, A. Maksimenko, H. M. Quiney
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20277

Signal-to-noise and spatial resolution in in-line imaging. 2. Phase-contrast tomography
In the first part of this paper, quantitative aspects of propagation-based phase-contrast imaging (PBI) were investigated using theoretical and numerical approaches, as well as experimental two-dimensional PBI images collected with plane monochromatic X-rays at a synchrotron beamline. In this second part, signal-to-noise ratio, spatial resolution and contrast are studied in connection with the radiation dose in three-dimensional PBI images of breast tissue samples obtained using propagation-bas…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.07636 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

Nonlinear Network Identifiability with Full Excitations
We derive conditions for the identifiability of nonlinear networks characterized by additive dynamics at the level of the edges when all the nodes are excited. In contrast to linear systems, we show that the measurement of all sinks is necessary and sufficient for the identifiability of directed acyclic graphs, under the assumption that dynamics are described by analytic functions without constant terms (i.e., $f(0)=0$). But if constant terms are present, then the identifiability is impossible …

D2Diff : A Dual Domain Diffusion Model for Accurate Multi-Contrast MRI Synthesis
Sanuwani Dayarathna, Himashi Peiris, Kh Tohidul Islam, Tien-Tsin Wong, Zhaolin Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15750

D2Diff : A Dual Domain Diffusion Model for Accurate Multi-Contrast MRI Synthesis
Multi contrast MRI synthesis is inherently challenging due to the complex and nonlinear relationships among different contrasts. Each MRI contrast highlights unique tissue properties, but their complementary information is difficult to exploit due to variations in intensity distributions and contrast specific textures. Existing methods for multi contrast MRI synthesis primarily utilize spatial domain features, which capture localized anatomical structures but struggle to model global intensity …

Learning Transferable Facial Emotion Representations from Large-Scale Semantically Rich Captions
Licai Sun, Xingxun Jiang, Haoyu Chen, Yante Li, Zheng Lian, Biu Liu, Yuan Zong, Wenming Zheng, Jukka M. Lepp\"anen, Guoying Zhao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21015

Learning Transferable Facial Emotion Representations from Large-Scale Semantically Rich Captions
Current facial emotion recognition systems are predominately trained to predict a fixed set of predefined categories or abstract dimensional values. This constrained form of supervision hinders generalization and applicability, as it reduces the rich and nuanced spectrum of emotions into oversimplified labels or scales. In contrast, natural language provides a more flexible, expressive, and interpretable way to represent emotions, offering a much broader source of supervision. Yet, leveraging s…

Crystalline-to-Crystalline Phase Transition between Germanium Selenide Polymorphs with High Resistance Contrast
Joonho Kim, Kihyun Lee, Joong-Eon Jung, Han Joo Lee, Seongil Im, Kwanpyo Kim
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.17997

Crystalline-to-Crystalline Phase Transition between Germanium Selenide Polymorphs with High Resistance Contrast
Understanding phase transitions between crystalline phases of a material is crucial for both fundamental research and potential applications such as phase-change memory. In this study, we investigate the phase transition between GeSe crystalline polymorphs induced by either global annealing at moderate temperatures or localized laser-induced heating. The highly conductive gamma-GeSe transforms into semiconducting, single-crystalline alpha-GeSe while preserving a well-aligned crystal orientation…

🩺 Researchers take major step toward cuff-free blood pressure monitoring
#medicine

Researchers take major step toward cuff-free blood pressure monitoring
Researchers have shown, for the first time, that speckle contrast optical spectroscopy (SCOS) can be used for cuffless blood pressure monitoring. The new technology could improve early detection and management of hypertension.

Comparing four definitions of cotilting modules
Kamran Divaani-Aazar, Ali Mahin Fallah, Massoud Tousi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18860 https://arxiv.org/pd…

Comparing four definitions of cotilting modules
In contrast to the theory of tilting modules, in the dual theory, there is not a unified definition. However, there are several definitions proposed for cotilting modules. In this paper, we compare four of the main definitions for cotilting modules that have been put forward.

High-reflectivity homoepitaxial distributed Bragg reflectors for photonic applications
Helena Janowska, Anna Musia{\l}, Grzegorz S\k{e}k
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20211 https:/…

High-reflectivity homoepitaxial distributed Bragg reflectors for photonic applications
Distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) are one of the basic photonic structures used to define microcavities for fundamental light-matter coupling studies, as well as to optimize performance of optoelectronic and photonic devices, e.g., lasers or non-classical light sources. The reflectivity of these structures depends critically on the refractive index contrast between the two quarter-wavelength thick layers constituting the DBR. At the same time, epitaxial fabrication process limits the choice o…

Multi-Order Monte Carlo IMEX hierarchies for uncertainty quantification in multiscale hyperbolic systems
Giulia Bertaglia, Walter Boscheri, Lorenzo Pareschi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20187

Multi-Order Monte Carlo IMEX hierarchies for uncertainty quantification in multiscale hyperbolic systems
We introduce a novel Multi-Order Monte Carlo approach for uncertainty quantification in the context of multiscale time-dependent partial differential equations. The new framework leverages Implicit-Explicit Runge-Kutta time integrators to satisfy the asymptotic-preserving property across different discretization orders of accuracy. In contrast to traditional Multi-Level Monte Carlo methods, which require costly hierarchical re-meshing, our method constructs a multi-order hierarchy by varying bo…

Operator Inference Aware Quadratic Manifolds with Isotropic Reduced Coordinates for Nonintrusive Model Reduction
Paul Schwerdtner, Prakash Mohan, Julie Bessac, Marc T. Henry de Frahan, Benjamin Peherstorfer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20463

Operator Inference Aware Quadratic Manifolds with Isotropic Reduced Coordinates for Nonintrusive Model Reduction
Quadratic manifolds for nonintrusive reduced modeling are typically trained to minimize the reconstruction error on snapshot data, which means that the error of models fitted to the embedded data in downstream learning steps is ignored. In contrast, we propose a greedy training procedure that takes into account both the reconstruction error on the snapshot data and the prediction error of reduced models fitted to the data. Because our procedure learns quadratic manifolds with the objective of a…

Homogenisation of phase-field functionals with linear growth
Francesco Colasanto, Matteo Focardi, Caterina Ida Zeppieri
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20845 https://

Homogenisation of phase-field functionals with linear growth
We propose a first rigorous homogenisation procedure in image-segmentation models by analysing the relative impact of (possibly random) fine-scale oscillations and phase-field regularisations for a family of elliptic functionals of Ambrosio and Tortorelli type, when the regularised volume term grows \emph{linearly} in the gradient variable. In contrast to the more classical case of superlinear growth, we show that our functionals homogenise to a free-discontinuity energy whose surface term expl…

Hands-on with Tiramisu, Meta's "hyperrealistic" VR research prototype with beyond-retinal resolution, high brightness and contrast, and a narrow field of view (David Heaney/UploadVR)
https://www.uploadvr.com/meta-tiramisu-hyperrealistic-vr-hands-on/

Meta Tiramisu "Hyperrealistic VR" Hands-On: A Stunning Window Into Another World
At SIGGRAPH 2025, we also went hands-on with Tiramisu, Meta's prototype that combines beyond-retinal resolution, high brightness, and high contrast.

Replaced article(s) found for physics.optics. https://arxiv.org/list/physics.optics/new
[1/1]:
- Super-sensing: 100-Fold enhancement in THz time-domain spectroscopy contrast via superoscillating...
Peisong Peng, Dusty R. Lindberg, Gerard McCaul, Denys I. Bondar, Diyar Talba…

Mesoscale properties of protein clusters determine the size and nature of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS)
Gonen Golani, Manas Seal, Mrityunjoy Kar, Anthony A. Hyman, Daniella Goldfarb, Samuel Safran
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22424

Mesoscale properties of protein clusters determine the size and nature of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS)
The observation of Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation (LLPS) in biological cells has dramatically shifted the paradigm that soluble proteins are uniformly dispersed in the cytoplasm or nucleoplasm. The LLPS region is preceded by a one-phase solution, where recent experiments have identified clusters in an aqueous solution with 102-103 proteins. Here, we theoretically consider a core-shell model with mesoscale core, surface, and bending properties of the cluster shell and contrast two experimental p…

MeerKAT radio continuum imaging of nearby star-forming spirals in the NGC 6221, NGC 3256/3263, and NGC 2434 galaxy groups
J. Saponara, B. S. Koribalski, J. English, P. K. Humire
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22382

MeerKAT radio continuum imaging of nearby star-forming spirals in the NGC 6221, NGC 3256/3263, and NGC 2434 galaxy groups
Context. We present high-resolution MeerKAT 1.3 GHz radio continuum images of star-forming spirals in the nearby galaxy groups around NGC 6221, NGC 3256/3263 and NGC 2434. This sample spans the evolutionary timeline for galaxy groups, encompassing early, intermediate, and late stages, respectively. The NGC 6221 group contains an interacting galaxy pair with tidal debris, along with at least three dwarf galaxies. In contrast, the NGC 3256/3263 group represents a loose group consisting of several…

Comparing Periodic Point Invariants for Parameterized Families of Maps
Lucas Williams
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18339 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.18339

Comparing Periodic Point Invariants for Parameterized Families of Maps
We compare different periodic point invariants for families of maps parameterized over a compact manifold. Malkiewich and Ponto showed that, in the case of a single map, the Fuller trace is equivalent to the collection of Reidmeister traces of iterates. In this paper, we show that, in contrast to the case of a single map, the fiberwise Fuller trace is a strictly more sensitive invariant than the collection of fiberwise Reidemeister traces of iterates. This resolves a conjecture of Malkiewich an…

Enhancing Quadratic Programming Solvers via Quadratic Nonconvex Reformulation
Cheng Lu, Yu Fei, Gaojian Kang, Guangai Qu, Zhibin Deng, Qingwei Jin, Shu-Cherng Fang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20897

Enhancing Quadratic Programming Solvers via Quadratic Nonconvex Reformulation
In this paper, we consider solving nonconvex quadratic programming problems using modern solvers such as Gurobi and SCIP. It is well-known that the classical techniques of quadratic convex reformulation can improve the computational efficiency of global solvers for mixed-integer quadratic optimization problems. In contrast, the use of quadratic nonconvex reformulation (QNR) has not been previously explored. This paper introduces a QNR framework--an unconventional yet highly effective approach f…

Localized surface plasmons in a Weyl semimetal nanosphere
Francesco M. D. Pellegrino, Francesco Buccheri, G. G. N. Angilella
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.23626

Localized surface plasmons in a Weyl semimetal nanosphere
In this study, we investigate the localized surface plasmon modes of a sub-wavelength spherical nanoparticle composed of a Weyl semimetal, taking into account the axion modification of electrodynamics. We derive analytical solutions for dipole and quadrupole normal modes by employing the quasistatic approximation. The axion term leads to modified Fröhlich conditions, resulting in multiple non-degenerate plasmonic resonances with distinct polarization dependencies. In contrast to isotropic conv…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.13627 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@a…

A Straightforward Gradient-Based Approach for High-Tc Superconductor Design: Leveraging Domain Knowledge via Adaptive Constraints
Materials design aims to discover novel compounds with desired properties. However, prevailing strategies face critical trade-offs. Conventional element-substitution approaches readily and adaptively incorporate various domain knowledge but remain confined to a narrow search space. In contrast, deep generative models efficiently explore vast compositional landscapes, yet they struggle to flexibly integrate domain knowledge. To address these trade-offs, we propose a gradient-based material desig…

Tuning the Chern number of Kitaev quantum spin liquid
Seong Jun Kwon, Kyusung Hwang, Suk Bum Chung
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.23282 https://

Tuning the Chern number of Kitaev quantum spin liquid
It is now well understood that non-Kitaev spin interactions can be added to the Kitaev quantum spin liquid by applying external fields. Recent years have seen intensive discussion on the possible phase transitions that these spin interactions induce. In this paper, we will show through the perturbation theory the possibility of accessing a gapped spin liquid phase with a higher Chern number through, in contrast to the cases studied in literature, a continuous phase transition. Such a transition…

VLT/MUSE Detection of the AB Aurigae b Protoplanet with $H _{\rm \alpha}$ Spectroscopy
Thayne Currie, Jun Hashimoto, Yuhiko Aoyama, Ruobing Dong, Misato Fukagawa, Takayuki Muto, Erica Dykes, Mona El Morsy, Motohide Tamura
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18351

VLT/MUSE Detection of the AB Aurigae b Protoplanet with $H _{\rm α}$ Spectroscopy
We analyze high-contrast, medium-spectral-resolution $H_{\rm α}$ observations of the star AB Aurigae using the Very Large Telescope's Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE). In multiple epochs, MUSE detects the AB Aur b protoplanet discovered from Subaru/SCExAO data in emission at wavelengths slightly blue-shifted from the $H_{\rm α}$ line center (i.e. at 6558.88--6560.13 Å; $\sim$ -100 km s$^{-1}$) and in absorption at redshifted wavelengths (6562.8--6565.1 Å; $\sim$ 75 km s$^{-1}$). AB …

Temporal Neural Cellular Automata: Application to modeling of contrast enhancement in breast MRI
Daniel M. Lang, Richard Osuala, Veronika Spieker, Karim Lekadir, Rickmer Braren, Julia A. Schnabel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18720

Temporal Neural Cellular Automata: Application to modeling of contrast enhancement in breast MRI
Synthetic contrast enhancement offers fast image acquisition and eliminates the need for intravenous injection of contrast agent. This is particularly beneficial for breast imaging, where long acquisition times and high cost are significantly limiting the applicability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a widespread screening modality. Recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of synthetic contrast generation. However, current state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods lack sufficient measures …

UPDATES:
1. My site (https://innig.net/) now offers high-contrast theme if the OS / browser is set to high contrast mode. Works in both light and dark mode! Further accessibility improvements to come.

Large-scale illegal wildlife shops in Laos found scamming Chinese tourists https://news.mongabay.com/2025/07/large-scale-illegal-wildlife-shops-in-laos-found-scamming-chinese-tourists/

Large-scale illegal wildlife shops in Laos found scamming Chinese tourists
LUANG PRABANG, Laos — “No coffee, no coffee,” repeated the security guard. His smile stood in stark contrast to his faded camouflage fatigues and the machine gun slung over his shoulder. Few cafés in the sleepy Laotian tourist town of Luang Prabang boast armed guards, but Kin Liao Coffee is not the average café. While […]

Speeding up thermalization and quantum state preparation through engineered quantum collisions
Sofia Sgroi, Salvatore Lorenzo, Luca Innocenti, Paolo A. Erdman, G. Massimo Palma, Mauro Paternostro
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20625

Speeding up thermalization and quantum state preparation through engineered quantum collisions
We realize fast thermalization and state preparation of a single mode cavity field using a collision model-like approach, where a sequence of qubits or three level system ancillae, sequentially interacting with the field, is engineered with a genetic algorithm approach. In contrast to optimal control techniques, there is no time-dependent system Hamiltonian control deployed and, in contrast to reservoir engineering, the engineered full system-environment dynamics is optimized, and the target is…

Towards LLM-Enhanced Group Recommender Systems
Sebastian Lubos, Alexander Felfernig, Thi Ngoc Trang Tran, Viet-Man Le, Damian Garber, Manuel Henrich, Reinhard Willfort, Jeremias Fuchs
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19283

Towards LLM-Enhanced Group Recommender Systems
In contrast to single-user recommender systems, group recommender systems are designed to generate and explain recommendations for groups. This group-oriented setting introduces additional complexities, as several factors - absent in individual contexts - must be addressed. These include understanding group dynamics (e.g., social dependencies within the group), defining effective decision-making processes, ensuring that recommendations are suitable for all group members, and providing group-lev…

A further remark on the density estimate for degenerate Allen-Cahn equations: $\Delta_{p}$-type equations for $1<p<\frac{n}{n-1}$ with rough coefficients
Chilin Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19820

A further remark on the density estimate for degenerate Allen-Cahn equations: $Δ_{p}$-type equations for $1
In this short remark on a previous paper \cite{SZ25}, we continue the study of Allen-Cahn equations associated with Ginzburg-Landau energies \begin{equation*} J(v,Ω)=\int_Ω\Big\{F(\nabla v,v,x)+W(v,x)\Big\}dx, \end{equation*} involving a Dirichlet energy $F(\vecξ,τ,x)\sim|\vecξ|^{p}$ and a degenerate double-well potential $W(τ,x)\sim(1-τ^{2})^{m}$. In contrast to \cite{SZ25}, we remove all regularity assumptions on the Ginzburg-Landau energy. Then, with further assumptions th…